triangulation

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WHAT IS TRIANGULATION? — major undersea earthquakes occasionally set in

— three seismograms motion in a series of large ocean waves

— generated by displacement
measures time difference between the arrival of P-
waves and S-waves 1st warning

— travel-time graphs — withdrawal of water from beaches

distance of the seismographs from the epicenter — higher ground

— triangulate location’ — 5-30 mins.

approximate location of the earthquake — average height: 30m

TSUNAMI WARNING SYSTEM

— first used by U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1946

FACTORS AFFECTING HOW MUCH DESTRUCTION
RSULTS FROM AN EARTHQUAKE — Honolulu, Hawaii

intensity of the shaking — 15m height

how long the shaking persists — tsunami warning system for the coastal areas of the
Pacific
what sort of ground underlies buildings
— used by 26 countries
building construction standards
BOTTOM PRESSURE RECORDER
— detects the displacement along the seafloor
LIQUEFACTION (pressure sensor) > surface buoy > satellite
— transforming stable soil into mobile material capable (disseminates warning)
of rising toward Earth’s surface TIDAL GAUGE
TSUNAMI — measures the rise and fall in the sea level
— “harbor wave” — warning signal lasts for 1 hour (sufficient time to
evacuate)

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