EXOGENIC

PROCESSES
EXOGENIC PROCESS
 Geological processes which occur on the
earth’s surface

 includes weathering, erosion, and

deposition.
Weathering
 the process of disintegration (physical)
and decomposition (chemical) of rocks.
 process of breaking down rocks into
small particles such as sand, clay, gravel
and other fragments.
 There are two types of weathering:
mechanical weathering and chemical
weathering
Mechanical weathering or physical
weathering is the breakdown of rocks
into pieces without any change in its
composition.
In chemical weathering, there are changes in the composition of
rocks due to the chemical reactions presented below.
HYDRATION: this occurs when
water becomes integrated into the
minerals causing the mineral
crystals to change its structure,
soften and easily crumble
Erosion
 the separation and removal of
weathered rocks due to different
agents like water, wind, and glacier
that causes transportation of the
material to where they are deposited.
 the process in which rocks that are
weathered into smaller fragments and
sediments are easily moved from one
place into another
Mass Wasting
 The movement of sediments downslope
under the influence of gravity
 Often lubricated by rainfall or agitated
by seismic activity, these events may
occur very rapidly and move as a flow.
  refers to the movement of mass of
Landslide earth materials such as rocks, debris,
or soil downward along a slope
Rock fall  Falling, bouncing, and rolling of debris
or Topple down slope.
  the rapid movement down a slope or a mass of
Flow earth materials like rocks, ice, snow or debris
 includes avalanches, mudflows, debris flows
Deposition
 the settling down of transported
materials when the agent of erosion
can no longer carry the materials, and
therefore the force of gravity takes over
 takes place in low lying areas such as
bottom of lakes or oceans, base of hills
or mountains, ends of glaciers, and
river deltas.
Deposition at
the river delta
The Painted Hills,
U.S. state of Oregon
Glacial Deposition
 Effects of Exogenous Processes

Levelling of land Formation of Soil

Formation of valleys Weathering of Rocks

Erosion of Rock fragments/soil

Deposition of Rock fragments/soil

Formation of Sedimentary Rocks

Application

Soil is an essential component of the earth’s

crust. It enabled life to exist and provides the
services necessary for human survival.
A. What is/are the hazardous effect/s
of soil erosion?
B. What will you do to protect the
community?
 Formation of Sedimentary Rocks

Weathering Lithification

Erosion Deposition

Transportation