My father needs to stop dressing as if time has stood still for 20 years.

I stand up for myself and say “no” when I need to.

Simplicity is not just about saving money, it’s about me sitting down every night with my kids to a candlelit
dinner with classical music.

Alaska is the largest state in the US.

I’ve found the book that I was looking for.
The strike at the factory has now ended.
I was looking for a book this morning.
Her father, who used to be in the army, now works for a TV company.
The doctor that examined me couldn’t find anything wrong.
The sun, which is one of millions of stars in the universe, provides us with heat and light.
Few of the people who applied for the job had the necessary qualifications.
I lay down on the ground and looked up at the sky.

To get to his house, take the main road that bypasses the village.
The paintings he has in his house are worth around £100,000.
Let’s go through the main points he made in his lecture.
He receives a low mark for his essay, which was only one page long.
In the shop window there’s a sign that says “10% off”.
The couple who live next to us have 16 grandchildren.
The problems faced by the company, which I’ll look at in detail in a moment, are being resolved.
She was greatly influenced by her late father.
He pointed to the stairs that led down to the cellar.
These drugs, which are used to treat stomach ulcers, have been withdrawn from sale.
The singer, who was recovering from flu, had to cancel her concert.
The minister talked about the plans for the tax reform he’ll reveal next month.
The doctor to whom she went was very thorough.
There isn’t much that can go wrong with the machine.
Thieves who stole paintings from the Louvre have been arrested in Paris.
It may be the most important decision you will ever take.
The boy who took the photograph was paid £100.
He just said anything that came into his head.
There’s this dream which I have every night about falling downstairs.

The newspaper is owned by the Mears group, whose chairperson is Miss Jim Kim.
Parents whose children are between 4 and 6 are being asked to take part in the survey.
Children whose diets contain high levels of protein do better in examinations.
My aunt, whose first job was filling shelves in a supermarket, is now CEO of a department store.
I enjoy growing plants whose flowers are attractive to bees.
A widow is a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried. (widow x widower)
An actuary is a person whose jog involves handling statistical data.
A furnace is a container in which blacksmiths heat and melt metals.
A gazebo is a small building in which a person can sit and chill out / sit to chill out.
A gazebo is a small building in which a person can sit and enjoy the view / sit to enjoy the view.
Polo is a sport in which players play it on horseback.
horseback riding
Sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the whole of the sun’s disc disappears below the horizon.
In 1951, China and the Soviet Union signed an agreement whereby China provided uranium ore in exchange for
technical assistance.
The coastline is the area where the land meets the sea or ocean.
Freeze-drying is a method whereby water is rapidly evaporated from frozen food in order to preserve it.
Hypoglycemia is a condition where the level of sugar in the blood drops suddenly.
I think whoever was responsible for damaging the trees should be fined or sent to prison.
The clock makes a noise that keeps me awake at night.
whichever one: I’m sure that he’ll do well at university, whichever one he goes to.

which is why / which is the reason why  Ways to no longer be necessary to make sentences with “being”.
The river is prone/subject to sudden flooding, which is the reason why there are no major towns along its banks.
The river is prone/subject to sudden flooding, which is why there are no major towns along its banks.
O rio é propenso/está sujeito a inundações repentinas, razão pela qual não há grandes cidades ao longo de suas
margens/de sua costa.
O rio é propenso/está sujeito a inundações repentinas, sendo essa a razão pela qual não há grandes cidades ao
longo de suas margens/de sua costa.
https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/eb/qa/that-is-why-and-which-is-why5

He tried out a couple of jackets, most of which didn’t fit him.

Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into the office.
The house was damaged in a fire whose cause was never established.
Fortunately, we had a good map, without which we would have got lost.
The accident, in which two people were injured, happened late last night.
I share an office with my boss, with whom I get on really well. (to share = dividir)
The wedding, to which only family members were invited, was a lovely occasion.
She bought a very nice leather bag, for which she paid twenty pounds.
We had lunch, after which we went for a long walk.
There were a lot of people at the party, only a few of whom I knew.
He won £100,000, half of which he gave to his parents.
My neighbors have two cars, one of which they never use.
Helen has three brothers, all of whom are married.
The return policy stipulated that customers be given cash refunds for returned items.
Most of the information we were given was useless.
We were given a lot of information, most of which were useless.
None of the ten people who applied for the job was suitable.
Ten people who applied for the job, neither of whom was suitable.
She replied to neither of the emails I sent her.
I sent her two emails, neither of which she replied to.
We stayed at a very nice hotel, the name of which I don’t remember.
We stayed a very nice hotel, whose name I don’t remember.
A: Why did you decide to stay at this hotel?
B: It was the cheapest I could find.
A: Por que decidiu se hospedar nesse hotel?
B: Era o mais barato que consegui encontrar.
We drove along the road, the sides of which were lined with trees.
We drove along the road, whose sides were lined with trees.
The aim of the company’s new business plan in to save money/to save up.
The company has a new business plan, the aim of which is to save money/to save up.
She let me stay at her home, which was very kind/considerate of her.
Ela me deixou ficar na casa dela, sendo isso muito gentil por parte dela.
The street I live in is noisy at night, which makes it difficult to sleep sometimes.
She doesn’t have a phone, which makes it hard to contact her.
He passed his exams, which is good news.
My flight was delayed, which meant I had to wait two hours at the airport.
Our car has broken down, which means we can’t go away tomorrow.
He, whom I spoke to at the meeting, is interested in our proposal.
She told me she works for a company called “Latoma”, of which I’d never heard before.
She told me she works for a company called “Latoma”, which I’d never heard of before.
She couldn’t meet us, which was a shame/pity.
The weather was good, which we hadn’t expected.
Fleming’s discovery of penicillin, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize, had a major influence on the lives
of people in the 20th century.
He lost power after the execution of his niece Anne Boleyn.
He, on whose land the road will be built, is unhappy about the plans. (unhappy = descontente)
No one can live on that land now except indigenous people to whom special permits have been given.
The building from which Marcus emerged was little more than a ruin.
It’s a medieval palace, in whose tower the king hid during the civil war.
I’m grateful to Aarav Basu, from whose book on/about the history of the bicycle this information comes.
My Math teacher was someone for whom I have great respect. (respect is uncountable)
They’ve changed the date when the furniture is to be delivered.
Pasteurization was discovered by the French chemist Louis Pasteur, after whom it was named.
There are a number of safety procedures of which you should be aware.
Details are in the instruction manual with which the printer was supplied.
Ms. Park was left the money by her former husband, from whom she was divorced in 2005.
The house which the thieves broke into is owned by my teacher.
The school has been given 20 laptops, half of which are brand new.
The party, to which I’ve been looking forward all week, is at her house.
The water she fell into was freezing cold.
I’ve heard her on the violin and clarinet, both of which she plays extremely well.
The film was shot at an ancient castle, part of which dates back to 1466.
The college is home to 30 students from Nepal, almost all of whom are studying economics.
A faculdade é o lar de/abriga 30 estudantes do Nepal, quase todos (eles) estudando economia.
A faculdade é o lar de/abriga 30 estudantes do Nepal, quase todos os quais estão estudando economia

A huge amount of oil was spilled into the sea in the accident that occurred in the Gulf of Mexico a few years
ago.
A large number of oil wells have been drilled in the Gulf of Mexico in recent times.
She can switch between Portuguese and English, both of which she is fluent in.
She can switch between Portuguese and English, both languages in which she is fluent.
I now turn to Freud, from whose work the following quotation is taken. (work = obra)
The rate at which a material heats up depends on its chemical composition.
A velocidade na qual um material se aquece depende de sua composição química.
Icebergs are melting at an alarming rate, causing sea levels to rise worldwide.
Os icebergs estão derretendo em um ritmo/uma velocidade alarmante/preocupante/assustador (a), fazendo com
que o nível do mar suba no mundo inteiro.
Icebergs are melting at an alarming rate, leading to rising sea levels worldwide.
Around the world islands are being threatened by rising sea levels.
Is it right that politicians make important decisions without consulting the people to whom they are
accountable?
The valley in which the town lies is heavily polluted.
The Roman coins that a Sicilian farmer came across in the field are now on display in the National Museum.
She’s one of the few people to whom I look up.

Julius Caesar was stabbed to death by his best friend Brutus.

There were some parents waiting outside the school to meet their children.
My son walks to school as it’s not very far.
Meu filho vai a pé/andando para a escola, já que não fica muito longe.
Where’s the university? Is it near here?
My brother has always been healthy. He’s never been in hospital.
Why is she in jail? What crime did she commit?
to collect stamps  colecionar selos
Life has changed a lot in the last decades.
Subjects at school: Physics etc.
Can you pass me the sugar, please?
I like the people who I work with.
Do you like strong black coffee?
I’m not interested in boxing at all.
Não tenho nem um pouco de interesse por boxe.
I’ve never seen snow in person, but I think it must be a good view.
My memory isn’t good. I’m good at remembering names.
The First World War began in 1914 and ended in 1918.
The information we were given wasn’t correct.
Do you the people who live in the flat next to ours?
We couldn’t find anywhere to stay in the town. The hotels were all full.
I don’t like movies with unhappy endings.

These flowers grow better in sandy soil.

I could see the plane high up in the sky.
The computers have arrived. Where shall I put them?
The music was wonderful. I could have listen to the orchestra all night,
A corkscrew is gadget for getting corks out of bottles.
He shook with fear.
He has a fear of heights.

With just one cell from a live or dead animal, an exact copy of the animal can be created.
As a child, I would often daydream about traveling back in time to a world very different from the one I lived
in.
If you want to get away from it all, you can take a small boat to a deserted beach on one of the islands.
Clearly, my sisters were having a serious conversation so I didn’t want to disturb them.
It now gives me great pleasure to introduce this marvelous and unbelievably trustworthy politician.
It’s a great pleasure to travel around Sweden by rail. You get the chance to experience the wonderful country’s
landscapes while traveling on punctual, clean and tidy trains.
As we walked through the rainforest we heard a sound we weren't expecting: the ring of a cell phone.
As she walked into the party, conversation ceased and everyone in the crowded room stared at her.
Most red meat is relatively high in iron.
I have a very well-preserved grammar of English printed in 1890 on [very thin paper] / [a very thin sheet of
paper].
Although he’s got an iron, he never seems to use it. His clothes are always creased.

He’s been appointed the head of the company.

The Robinsons are away this weekend.
Do they mean the Neil Armstrong or someone else?
There’s a Dr Amy Lee on the phone.
I haven’t heard of her before.
As I was walking along, a spider landed on my head.
A man went into a chemist/drugstore/pharmacy.
A: What make is your computer?
B: It’s a Mac.
He’s really keen on athletics. He likes to think of himself as a Usain Bolt.
I’m a marketing adviser at Google. (“at” because I’m thinking of “working at a particular place or
organization”)
adviser / advisor
A special posthumous decoration was given/awarded to the remarkable Brazilian novelist Machado de Assis.
A special posthumous award was given to the remarkable Brazilian novelist Machado de Assis.
It’s the best ice cream I’ve ever tasted.
I thought that the 2nd competitor was the best, even though he didn’t win a prize.
Sapphires occur in a variety of colors, but the blue ones are the most valuable.
It’s supposed to be the oldest post office/mail in the country.
Well, I just said "no thanks" and walked on. When I looked back, he had stopped a woman.
He had untidy/shaggy hair and paint all over his clothes. (paint, ink, dye), (stain)
He said that a road sweeper earns a great deal of money. He’s foolish. (foolish, unwise, stupid, silly, dump,
daft), (road sweeper, street sweeper), (garbage man, garbage collector), (janitor, cleaner)
As I was going home, a stranger came up to me. He told me that he was the head/chairman of the local council
and that he was offering me a job as a road sweeper. Well, I just said "no thanks" and walked on. When I looked
back, he had stopped a woman. He was telling her that he was the President of the United States and that he
wanted her to hold a position in his government. [to look back (literal and metaphorical meanings)], (head and
chairman mean “presidente” in this context)

They came on a Saturday as far as I can remember.

to go on + gerund and to go on + infinitive
A: You look upset.
B: Yes, I’ve had a terrible morning.
Children as young as ten are working in the clothing industry.
As the soil quality deteriorated, so too did the agriculture on which the region depended.
labor market: mercado de trabalho
labor: mão de obra
child labor: trabalho infantil
skilled labor: mão de obra especialiazada
cheap labor: mão de obra barata
The islands off the east coast of Malaysia are beautiful.
Holidays in the Brazilian rainforests are now becoming popular with travelers.
Farmers will be hoping for rain in the next few weeks.
Last night the rain was torrential.
I’ve left the money I owe you on your desk.
Her parents claimed that he was at home at the time of the robbery.
It isn’t known how the fire started.
Animals fear fire more than anything else.
What’s the matter?
Can you remember when we last saw Alex?
A: When did you get your laptop?
B: July 15th last year. I remember because it was also the day I passed my driving test.
A: I haven’t seen him for months.
B: It’s because he’s gone to South Africa for the winter.
B: It’s because he’s been away in South Africa for the winter.
Shall we go out walking next Sunday?
Shall we go out for a walk next Sunday?
A: Remember when Chris and Lars had that terrible row?
B: How could I forget? That was a day I wouldn’t want to go through again.

Parents begged that companies be prevented from advertising sweets/candy on children’s TV shows.
A new guideline advises that telemarketers prevent from calling after 8 pm.
We voted that those billboards blocking the town’s ocean view be removed.