Traffic Control Signals:

We want to design Al-Hashmi Al-Shamali Traffic Signal.

 Intersection information:

Approach width

S, N =4.5m
W, E=7 m

Gradient

North arm: 1% downhill

South arm: 1% downhill

East arm: 1% downhill

West arm: 1% downhill

In LT:

NO exclusive turning and NO opposing flow

Site characteristics
Poor (busy)

Parked vehicle

Yes

 The 4-arm intersection is to be controlled by four phases of traffic signals

N, S, E, and W. All signals are to be set up with a 4-sec intergreen period.
The intersection is on a busy shopping street.
Data Collection:
Date: Apr 13, 2022 – Wednesday
Time: 10:30-11:30 AM

Approach Time Turning Left Straight Turning Right Total

PC HGV PSV PC HGV PSV PC HGV PSV
North 40 0 1 100 3 2 51 2 1 200

South 115 0 1 200 1 2 100 1 0 420

10:30 -11:30
East 90 0 1 240 2 2 145 0 1 481

West 83 1 2 220 3 2 127 1 3 442

Vehicle class The typical value of PCU for urban area

PC 1.0
HGV 2.0
PSV 3.0

N S E W
PC 191 415 475 430
Trucks 2(5) 2(2) 2(2) 2(5)
Buses 3(4) 3(3) 3(4) 3(7)
Total in PCU 213 447 491 461

I. Saturated flow for the northern approach

I.1 Effect of parked vehicle

z<25 so we will take z as 25 ft
loss of carriageway width= 5.5 – ((0.9(z-25)))/K = 5.5 ft = 1.7 m
S=525*(4.5-1.7) =1470 PCU/hr
 I.2 Effect of gradient traffic

For 1% downhill, increase S by 3%

S=1470*1.03=1514 PCU/hr

I.3 effect of turning traffic

** For turning right (27%)
RT=17*1.25+10= 31%

**For Straight 53% No effect

**For turning left 24% There is no opposing flow and no exclusive lane

No effect

Ʃ Turning traffic =108%

S= 1514*100/108=1402 PCU/hr

I.4 effect of site

Poor Characteristics:

0.85*1402=1192 PCU/hr

II. Saturated flow for the southern approach

II.1 Effect of parked vehicle

z<25 so we will take z as 25 ft
loss of carriageway width= 5.5 – ((0.9(z-25)))/K = 5.5 ft = 1.7 m
S=525*(4.5-1.7) =1470 PCU/hr
II.2 Effect of gradient traffic
For 1% downhill, increase S by 3%

S=1470*1.03=1514 PCU/hr
 II.3 effect of turning traffic
** For turning right (24%)
RT=14*1.25+10= 28%

**For Straight 48% No effect

**For turning left 28% There is no opposing flow and no exclusive lane

No effect

Ʃ Turning traffic =104%

S= 1514*100/104=1456 PCU/hr

II.4 Effect of site

Poor Characteristics:

0.85*1428=1238 PCU/hr

III. Saturated flow for the eastern approach

III.1 Effect of parked vehicle
z<25 so we will take z as 25 ft
loss of carriageway width= 5.5 – ((0.9(z-25)))/K = 5.5 ft = 1.7 m
S=525*(7-1.7) =2783 PCU/hr

III.2 Effect of gradient traffic

For 1% downhill, increase S by 3%

S=2783*1.03=2867 PCU/hr
 III.3 Effect of turning traffic
** For turning right (31%)
RT=21*1.25+10= 18%

**For Straight 50% No effect

**For turning left 19% There is no opposing flow and no exclusive lane

No effect

Ʃ Turning traffic =105.25%

S= 2867*100/105.25=2724 PCU/hr

III.4 Effect of site

Poor Characteristics:
0.85*2724=2316 PCU/hr

IV. Saturated flow for the western approach

IV.1 Effect of parked vehicle
z<25 so we will take z as 25 ft
loss of carriageway width= 5.5 – ((0.9(z-25)))/K = 5.5 ft = 1.7 m
S=525*(7-1.7) =2783 PCU/hr

IV.2 Effect of gradient traffic

For 1% downhill, increase S by 3%

S=2783*1.03=2867 PCU/hr
IV.3 Effect of turning traffic
** For turning right (30%)
RT=20*1.25+10= 18%

**For Straight 50% No effect

**For turning left 20% There is no opposing flow and no exclusive lane

No effect

Ʃ Turning traffic =105%

S= 2867*100/105=2731 PCU/hr

IV.4 Effect of site

Poor Characteristics:
0.85*2731=2322 PCU/hr

N S E W
q(PCU) 213 447 491 461
S 1192 1238 2316 2322
y=q/s 0.17 0.36 0.21 0.20
Ymax 0.17 0.36 0.21 0.2

 Y= 0.17+0.36+0.21+0.20 = 0.94

 L = I*n +R =4*4=16 Sec.

 C˳= (1.5(16) +5) / (1-0.94) = 483 Sec.

0.17*(483−16)
gN = = 85 Sec.
0.94

0.36*(483−16)
gS = = 179 Sec.
0.94
0.21*(483−16)
gE = = 105 Sec.
0.94
 0.2*(483−16)
gW = = 100 Sec.
0.94
Delay per vehicle on each approach due to traffic signals:

** Delay (North):
PCU Factor= 213/ (191+5+4) = 1.065
C˳=483 Sec.
gN=85 Sec.
q= 213/1.065= 200 veh/hr
S=1192/1.065 = 1119 veh/hr
Delay (North)= 356 Sec.

** Delay (South):
PCU Factor= 447/ (415+2+3) = 1.064
C˳=483 Sec.
gN=179 Sec.
q= 447/1.064 = 420 veh/hr
S=1238/1.064 = 1164 veh/hr
Delay (South)= 274 Sec.

** Delay (East):
PCU Factor= 491/ (475+2+4) = 1.02
C˳=483 Sec.
gN=105 Sec.
q= 491/1.02= 482 veh/hr
S=2316/1.065 = 2271 veh/hr
Delay (East)= 304 Sec.

** Delay (West):
PCU Factor= 461/ (430+5+7) = 1.043
C˳=483 Sec.
gN=100 Sec.
q= 461/1.043= 442 veh/hr
S=2322/1.043 = 2227 veh/hr
Delay (West)= 225 Sec.