Electric Circuits 2

Extra problems on chapter 11

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 Example 1
Example 1: In the circuit shown below, a load having an impedance of (39+j26) ohm, is
fed from a (250 V rms) source, through a line of an impedance of (1+j4) ohm.
Calculate the following:
a) The Load current (IL) and the load voltage (VL).
b) Calculate the active ad reactive power delivered to the load.
c) Calculate the active and reactive power delivered to the line.
d) Calculate the active and reactive power supplied from the source.

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 Example 1

a) The Load current (IL) and the

load voltage (VL).

Solution:
The line and the load impedances are in series, it is a simple circuit,
so we use ohm’s law to calculate the current IL.

Use ohm’s law again to calculate the voltage of the load.

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 Example 1

b) Calculate the power delivered to the load?

Solution: Method 1 we use the relation

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 Example 1

b) Calculate the power delivered to the load?

Solution: Method 2 we use the relation

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 Example 1

c) Calculate the power delivered to the line?

Solution: we use the relation

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 Examples
Example 1

d) Calculate the active and reactive power supplied from the source.
Solution: we use the relations

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 Example 2 (Ex 11.9 Sadiku Book)

Solution:
 First: We draw the circuit.
 Second: We get the Phasor quantities (in RMS)

 Draw the Phasors quantities to check the

leading or lagging relationship
We can see that I leading V by 30 degrees
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 Example 2 (Ex 11.9 Sadiku Book)

Solution:
a) Find the apparent power ISI:

b) Find the power factor of the load:

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 Example 2 (Ex 11.9 Sadiku Book)
Solution:
b) Find the power factor of the load: (Another
method)

c) Determine the element values that form the

series-connected impedance of the load.

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 Example 3 (Ex 11.10 Sadiku Book)

Solution: Note that the value of the voltage is ready (Phasor in RMS)
 First: We find the equivalent impedance.

Angle of Z is Negative, So we can conclude that the PF is Leading

This can be also noted because of the capacitor in the circuit
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 Example 3 (Ex 11.10 Sadiku Book)

a) Determine the power factor of the entire circuit.

Solution:

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 Example 3 (Ex 11.10 Sadiku Book)

b) Calculate the average power

delivered by the source.

Solution:
 To calculate the power, we need to calculate the current:

 Then, the average power is calculated as:

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 Example 4 (Ex 11.11 Sadiku Book)

Solution:
 First: We draw the circuit.
 Second: We get the Phasor quantities (in RMS)

 Draw the Phasors quantities to check the

leading or lagging relationship
We can see that I leading V by 60 degrees
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 Example 4 (Ex 11.11 Sadiku Book)

Solution:
a) Find the complex and the apparent power S and ISI:

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 Example 4 (Ex 11.11 Sadiku Book)

Solution:
b) Find the real and reactive powers P and Q:

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 Example 4 (Ex 11.11 Sadiku Book)

Solution: c) Find the PF and the load impedance Z:

 The PF :

Note: you can also tell that the PF is leading from the negative sign of the
reactive power (-Q).
 The Impedance Z:

(Capacitive Impedance)
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 Example 5 (Ex 11.12 Sadiku Book)

Solution: Note that the value of the voltage is ready

(Phasor in RMS)
 First, we draw the circuit and the Power Triangle
a) Calculate the active and reactive powers (P and Q).
 To do so, we need to calculate the angle:

 Then, P and Q are given as follows:

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 Example 5 (Ex 11.12 Sadiku Book)

b) Calculate the peak current (Imax).

 To do so, we need to calculate the RMS current first:

 Then, the peak current is given as follows:

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 Example 5 (Ex 11.12 Sadiku Book)

c) Calculate the load impedance.

 To do so, we can use ohm’s law:

Note that the

 Or by using: impedance is inductive
(Positive Angle), as
expected as it is lagging
load. 20
 Power Factor Correction: Example

Solution:
 First, we find the angles from the given old and new PF:

 Second, we find the old and new reactive power (Q1,Q2):

 To get Q, we need to get S first as follows:

 Then, Q can be calculated as follows:

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 Power Factor Correction: Example

Solution:
 Third, we find Q (QC=Q1-Q2):

 Finally, C can be calculated as follows:

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Thank you

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