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χ
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 ж㡢ᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
‡ ӻሼᵢ䇴༽⭞ӄެ᤽ᇐ⭞䙊Ⱦྸ᷒ᆎ൞⯇䰤ᡌу⺤ᇐᙝθ䈭૞䈘㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼Ⱦ
‡ ྸ䴶ᴪᦘу␻ᲦⲺᆿ‫ޞ‬ㅜਭȽᨆ⽰ഴᖘૂ‫ؗ‬ᚥḽㆴθ䈭Ԅ㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼༺㧭਌Ⱦ
‡ ⎸┼Ƚງᯏᡌₗ㜬䴬Ԭሯ㞆㲶ᙝ䞮ᡌ⏨։ᰖ䱨㞆ᙝȾ䈭⭞ཝ䠅Ⲻ≪␻⍍᧛䀜㞆㲶ᙝ䞮ᡌ⏨։Ⲻ䴬Ԭ
δ⭫ᆆ䴬Ԭ䲚ཌεȾ䈭ੇ㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼૞䈘䱨㞆ᙝࡍ㺞Ⱦ
‡ ❀᧛ᡌᢉ⼞ᬃ֒䗽ぁѣθؓᣚ䇴༽䱨↘ެ᧛䀜ࡦ⚡㣧Ⱦ
‡ 䚵‫ރ‬ԛу࡟‫ڛ‬ᓭⲺဵࣵᬃ֒Ⱦ䘏Րሲ㠪䓡։у䘸Ⱦ
‡ ᤿➝ֵ⭞䈪᱄Ỷḛૂ㔪ᣚȾ
‡ ਠ㜳⭧㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾᇔ᯳䇴༽ᡌ㌱㔕᭯㻻Ⱦ䘑㺂᭯㻻ᰬθؓ⮏৕ခᢁ߂ૂ᭯㻻ᢁ߂Ⱦ
‡ ਠ㜳ֵ⭞㦭傢⢯᤽ᇐⲺ↙㿺㦭傢⢯䴬Ԭૂ㔪ᣚӝ૷Ⱦ

 Ӱ䓡ᆿ‫ޞ‬
ᮇᨪӰ઎ᗻ亱᤿➝ḽ߼ᬃ֒㿺ぁѣⲺ㾷≸θ䟽਌ᡶᴿӰ䓡䱨ᣚ᧠᯳Ⱦ⯅ӄ䟽਌Ӱ䓡䱨ᣚ᧠᯳Րሲ㠪ћ䠃
ⲺӰ䓡՚ᇩȾֵ⭞ӝ૷䗽ぁѣθ䈭㠩ቇ䟽਌ԛсӰ䓡䱨ᣚ᧠᯳φ
‡ ཪⴊχ
‡ 䱨ᣚ⵲䮒ᡌ䶘㖟χ
‡ ᆿ‫ޞ‬ᢁྍχ
‡ 䟽⭞ਃሺᶆᯏⲺ‫ޞ‬䓡ᆿ‫ޞ‬ᵃχ
‡ ޭᴿ㢥ླᣚ䑓ૂᣚ䏴ࣕ㜳Ⲻᆿ‫䷁ޞ‬χ
‡ ᑜ┚㢨䮒Ⲻ䶘㖟θ⭞ӄ࠽ࢨ⧱⪹ᡌḆ〃ງᯏᰬֵ⭞Ⱦ

 䇴༽ᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
‡ ࠽वᴪ᭯Ա֋ᆿ‫ޞ‬䇴༽Ⲻ䇴㖤Ⱦ
‡ ᭬ᆎࢠ࠽䫩ᰬθ࠹ㄥᖲ↚Ӛ䭏θԛ䱨䙖ᡆӰ䓡՚ᇩȾ
‡ ⺤ؓ൞࠽ࢨᡌᢟᕖ䜞փૂ਍ᇩ㘻ҁ䰪ᨈ‫ޛ‬Ḋᙝ䱨ᣚ㖟Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓ㾷࠽ࢨⲺᶆᯏ᭴㖤൞࠹ㄥታਥ㜳␧Ⲻփ㖤Ⱦ
‡ 䚵‫ޭ࠶⭞ֵރ‬ቌㄥ࠽ࢨȾ
‡ 䚵‫᧛ރ‬䀜࠶ޭⲺቌㄥૂ࠽ࢨ࠹θԛ‫ރ‬਍՚Ⱦ
‡ ࠽व࠽ࢨ༺ӄ⏨ুȽ≊ࣞȽ⭫≊ᡌᵰỦু࣑сⲺ䜞փȾ
‡ ྸ᷒࠶⡽ᵠфᖻ࠽ࢨⲺᶆᯏම⴪θ࠶⡽Ր㝧⿱Ⱦ䘏〃᛻߫с䶔ᑮধ䲟θՐሲ㠪䇴༽ћ䠃ᦕඅૂћ䠃
ⲺӰ䓡՚ᇩȾྸ᷒࠶⡽㝧⿱θ䈭㄁঩‫↘ڒ‬ᬃ֒Ⱦ

3&8 B 

=+

 ⭫⊖㓺ж㡢ᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
䆜઀

‡ 䚵‫ރ‬⠼⛮ᙝ≊։Ƚ᱄⚡ૂ⚡㣧Ⱦ⠼⛮ধ䲟Ⱦ
‡ у㾷ሼ⭫⊖㓺᭴‫≪ޛ‬ѣ  ࠼䫕ԛръ␧ᓜ䎻䗽  ㊩Ⱦ
‡ 䚵‫⊖⭫ރ‬㓺⸣䐥Ⱦ⺤ؓ䘔᧛䜞փ⋗ᴿ᧛䀜ࡦ䠇ኔ⢟։Ⱦ
‡ 䈭वሯ▤⒵Ⲻ⭫⊖㓺䘑㺂‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ
‡ 䈭वֵ⭞ᦕඅⲺ⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ䈭㚊㌱ᛞⲺ㦭傢⢯ԙ⨼୼ԛ㧭਌᤽ሲ‫ؗ‬ᚥȾ
‡ 䈭व䇟⭫⊖㓺䐂㩳Ⱦ䈭व᫔࠱Ƚ㊿⻄Ƚ䐂㩳ᡌᣑ᧭⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ
‡ 䈭व⴪᧛൞⭫⊖㓺р䘑㺂❀᧛Ⱦ
‡ 䈭वᢉᔶ⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ
‡ 䱨↘⭫⊖㓺਍ࡦ䱩‫➝᧛⴪ݿ‬ሺૂެᆹ✣ⓆᖧଃȾ
‡ 䈭वሼ⭫⊖㓺᭴‫ޛ‬ᗤ⌘⚿ᡌ儎ুᇯಞȾ
‡ ⭫⊖㓺уֵ⭞ᰬθᓊ᭴㖤൞ᒨ⠛փ㖤θᒬ䬷൞‫ݵ‬ㄛཕуࡦⲺ൦ᯯȾ
‡ ሯ⭫⊖㓺䘑㺂ᔹ㖤༺⨼ᰬθᓊ䚫ᗠᖉ൦⌋ᗁૂ  ᡌᵢᢁ߂ѣⲺ䈪᱄Ⱦ

⌞ᝅ

‡ ਠֵ⭞᤽ᇐⲺ‫⭫ݻ‬ಞ㔏⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ
‡ ਠ᤿➝৕⭞䙊ֵ⭞⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ
‡ 䈭ሼ⭫⊖㓺ᆎ᭴൞䙐伄㢥ླȽ䱪߿Ⲻᡵ䰪޻Ⱦᴶ儎ᆎ᭴⑟ᓜу㾷䎻䗽e&e
)Ⱦ
‡ 䮵ᵕᆎ۞θ⭫⊖㓺ᓊ䚵‫᧛⴪ރ‬ᴓᲈȾ
‡ ഖ䓡։Ƚ᝕ᇎᡌ㋴⾔⣬߫Ƚᡌഖ㕰҅㔅僂㙂ᰖ⌋ֵ⭞⭫⊖㓺ⲺӰ઎уᗍ൞⋗ᴿޭᴿ⴮ީ
㔅僂ⲺӰ઎Ⲻⴇ㇗ᡌ᤽ሲсֵ⭞⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓу㾷䇟‫ݵ‬ㄛሼ⭫⊖㓺ᖉ֒⧟ޭ⧟Ⱦ

 䬸⭫⊖㓺ᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
䬸⭫⊖㓺ᇂ‫ޞ‬уੂӄ䮃䭿ૂ䮃≘⭫⊖㓺θᗻ亱ԛуੂᯯᕅ༺⨼Ⱦ൞∅⅗ֵ⭞䬸⭫⊖㓺ҁࢃૂҁ੄θ䈭Ԋ
㓼Ỷḛ⭫⊖㓺⺤ؓ⋗ᴿ᱄ᱴⲺ⢟⨼ᦕඅθྸᨈཪૂ⭫㓵ᶴ㝧Ⱦ䘏ӑ⧦䊗㔅ᑮ㺞⽰⭫⊖㓺ᴿ䰤从θਥ㜳䙖
ᡆ᭻䳒Ⱦ

 ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
‡ ֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞҁࢃθ䈭Ԋ㓼䰻䈱ᡶᴿ⴮ީ䈪᱄Ⱦ
‡ ӻਥֵ⭞⭫ুૂ仇⦽↙⺤Ⲻ⭫ⓆȾ䈭৸㘹ශਭ䬣⢂рⲺ⭫≊㿺㤹Ⱦ
‡ ӻਥ൞ᇚ޻ֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ
‡ ▤⒵ᶗԬсֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞؓᣚ㻻㖤Ⱦ
‡ у㾷⭞⭫Ⓠ㓵〱ࣞ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾሼ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞԄ⭫Ⓠᨈᓝѣᤊ࠰ᰬθ䈭व᣿ࣞ⭫Ⓠ㓵Ⱦֵ⭫Ⓠ㓵䘒
⿱✣ⓆȽ⋯ૂ䭁࡟Ⲻ䗯⋵Ⱦ
‡ 䈭व൞儎ਥ⟹ᙝ㺞䶘ᡌ᱉⟹⧥ູѣֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ
‡ 䈭वሯ▤⒵Ⲻ⭫⊖㓺䘑㺂‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ
‡ ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞуֵ⭞ᰬθᓊ᭴㖤൞ᒨ⠛Ⲻփ㖤θᒬ䬷൞‫ݵ‬ㄛཕуࡦⲺ൦ᯯȾ
‡ ഖ䓡։Ƚ᝕ᇎᡌ㋴⾔⣬߫Ƚᡌഖ㕰҅㔅僂㙂ᰖ⌋ֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞⲺӰ઎уᗍ൞⋗ᴿޭᴿ⴮ީ㔅僂Ⲻ
Ӱ઎Ⲻⴇ㇗ᡌ᤽ሲсֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ
‡ 䈭ћṲ䚫ᆾᴶքૂᴶ儎‫⑟⭫ݻ‬ᓜȾ৸㿷  ㄖ㢸Ⱦ
‡ 䈭वֵ⭞ᦕඅⲺ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ
‡ 䈭व᣼ম⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ

 B 3&8

 =+

‡ ⸣䐥ধ䲟φؓᣚ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞθֵެ䚵‫᧛ރ‬䀜䠇ኔ⢟։Ⱦ
‡ у㾷⭞Ѩ㚊⭫㓵䘔᧛䎻䗽  Ѡѱ⭫Ⓠ‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ৸㿷 )LJȾ

 ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
䆜઀

‡ ֵ⭞⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞҁࢃθ䈭Ԋ㓼䰻䈱ᡶᴿ⴮ީ䈪᱄Ⱦ
‡ ӻਥֵ⭞⭫ুૂ仇⦽↙⺤Ⲻ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞȾ䈭৸㘹ශਭ䬣⢂рⲺ⭫≊㿺㤹Ⱦ
‡ ▤⒵ᶗԬсֵ⭞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞؓᣚ㻻㖤Ⱦ
‡ у㾷⭞⭫Ⓠ㓵〱ࣞ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞȾ䈭व᣿ࣞ⭫Ⓠ㓵ሼ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞԄ⭫Ⓠᨈᓝѣᤊ࠰Ⱦֵ⭫
Ⓠ㓵䘒⿱✣ⓆȽ⋯ૂ䭁࡟Ⲻ䗯⋵Ⱦ
‡ 䈭व൞儎ਥ⟹ᙝ㺞䶘ᡌ᱉⟹⧥ູѣֵ⭞⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞȾ
‡ ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞуֵ⭞ᰬθᓊ᭴㖤൞ᒨ⠛Ⲻփ㖤θᒬ䬷൞‫ݵ‬ㄛཕуࡦⲺ൦ᯯȾ
‡ ഖ䓡։Ƚ᝕ᇎᡌ㋴⾔⣬߫Ƚᡌഖ㕰҅㔅僂㙂ᰖ⌋ֵ⭞⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞⲺӰ઎уᗍ൞⋗ᴿޭᴿ
⴮ީ㔅僂ⲺӰ઎Ⲻⴇ㇗ᡌ᤽ሲсֵ⭞⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞȾ
‡ 䈭वֵ⭞ᦕඅⲺ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞȾ
‡ 䈭व᣼ম⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞȾ
‡ ⸣䐥ধ䲟φؓᣚ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞθֵެ䚵‫᧛ރ‬䀜䠇ኔ⢟։Ⱦ
‡ ӻֵ⭞⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞѰ㦭傢⢯⭫⊖ᐛޭ‫⭫ב‬Ⱦ

 ㌱㔕ᬃ֒ᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
‡ ᔶခᐛ֒ҁࢃθ䘑㺂䗽ぁⲺধ䲟䇺զ(1,62Ⱦ
‡ 䇟᯷㿸㘻ؓᤷ൞жᇐ䐓⿱ҁཌθᒬ⮏ᝅઞപӰ㗚ૂࣞ⢟Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓ֒ѐ॰ᐨ㔅‫ླڐ‬᱄⺤ᆿᧈθᒬъ➝᱄㢥ླȾ
‡ 䚵‫ރ‬㍝ᕖуᆿθԛᗠᓅ⑆䘑Ⲻᯯᕅᢝ㺂ᬃ֒Ⱦ䘏ṭՐ䲃քਇ⭕䭏䈥Ƚধ䲟ૂӁ᭻Ⲻ伄䲟Ⱦ
‡ ֵ⭞ҁࢃθỶḛ䇴༽ᴿᰖᦕඅȾྸ᷒䇴༽⣬ᘷу㢥θ䈭वֵ⭞θᒬ૞䈘㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼Ⱦ
‡ ㄏ൞どᇐⲺะ⹶䶘рθ⭞ਂᢁᨗօ䇴༽Ⱦ
‡ ᨗᤷ䇴༽ᰬθਠ㜳ᣉօ‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁૂ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾ
‡ ᬃ֒䗽ぁѣθ࠽व༺ӄ⢟։ૂ䇴༽ҁ䰪Ⱦ
‡ ֵ⭞䇴༽䗽ぁѣ㾷ᤷ㔣ީ⌞䇴༽਀ެ㔉ᶺⲺ⣬ᘷȾ
‡ ᗻ亱രᇐਥ㜳伔ᮙⲺ⢟։䴬ԬȾ
‡ ਠֵ⭞↙㿺㦭傢⢯䞃Ԭθᒬ⺤ؓᐨ㔅↙⺤ᆿ㻻Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓ䓡։䜞փ࠽व༺ӄ〱ࣞ䴬Ԭҁ䰪Ⱦ䓡։䜞փਥ㜳Րᴿু՚ᡌࢨ՚Ⲻধ䲟Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁу㻡গօȾ
‡ ྸ᷒㌱㔕ਇ࠰ཽᙠⲺಠ丩ᡌ࠰⧦ᔸᑮ⧦䊗θ䈭㄁঩‫↘ڒ‬ᬃ֒Ⱦ
‡ ྸ᷒䇴༽╅⋯θ䈭㄁঩‫↘ڒ‬ᬃ֒Ⱦ⏨ু⋯൞ু࣑с⋺╅Ր⑍‫ⳤޛ‬㛚θሲ㠪ћ䠃ⲺӰ䓡՚ᇩȾжᰜ⏨
ু⋯䘑‫ޛ‬Ӱ։θ䈭㄁঩ࡦॱ䲘ቧॱȾੇॱᣚӰ઎䈪᱄⏨ু⋯Ⲻ㿺ṲȾ
‡ ሼу⭞Ⲻ䇴༽㄁঩㻻ഔᐛޭㄏȾ
‡ 䈭䚫ᆾᬃ֒ѣᡶֵ⭞ⲺެԌ䇴༽䘸⭞Ⲻᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏȾ

 㔪ᣚᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏ
‡ ᢝ㺂㔪ᣚ֒ѐᰬθ䈭䟽਌Ӱ䓡䱨ᣚ᧠᯳Ⱦ
‡ ࠽वԛਥ㜳ধ਀ᆿ‫Ⲻޞ‬ᯯᕅᬃ֒Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓ䇴༽уՐ┐ࣞᡌ㘱‫و‬Ⱦ᧝࡬ಞૂ傧ࣞಞᗻ亱ީ䰣ᒬࣖԛؓᣚθ䱨↘ᝅཌ੥ࣞȾ
‡ ⺤ؓ〱ࣞ䴬ԬуՐシ❬〱ࣞȾ
‡ ᬃ֒ѣֵ⭞䗽Ⲻᡌ⋺╅Ⲻ⋯⏨ૂެԌӝ૷䜳ᗻ亱᭬䳼䎭ᶛθᒬ᤿➝⧥ؓᯯᕅ༺㖤Ⱦ

3&8 B 

=+

 䈪᱄
 䇴༽
ࢠ࠽䫩ᱥᮇᨪ䇴༽Ⲻж䜞࠼θਥᑤࣟᮇᨪ਍ᇩ㘻Ⱦ↚ࢠ࠽䫩൞ᮇᨪᬃ֒ѣֵ⭞θ⭞ӄ൞у᣼䲚⢯ᇐ䜞փ
Ⲻ᛻߫с࠽ࢨ㔉ᶺ‫ݹ‬ԬȾᆹҕਥ൞⢯ᇐփ㖤ሯᶆᯏ࠽″ԛ‫׵‬ሼ㔉ᶺࢀᕧȾᐛޭࢃㄥ㻻ᴿњѠ࠶⡽θਥ䘑
㺂ࢠ࠽ࣞ֒Ⱦ䟽⭞䖹儎Ⲻ⏨ুᝅ઩⵶䈛ᐛޭਥӝ⭕ᖾཝⲺ᯳࣑ࣖȾ
ࢠ࠽䫩ਥ⭞֒ᢁᤷᐛޭθਥ⭧жӰᬃ֒Ⱦ⭧ӄ䟽⭞⭫⊖傧ࣞⲺ⏨ু㌱㔕θ↚ᐛޭਥঋ⤢ֵ⭞Ⱦ
⭫⊖㔏⭫ࣞᵰ‫⭫ב‬Ⱦ⭫ࣞᵰ䘆㺂жਦཐ㓝⍱ດ⌫θਥ㚐䳼ᴶཝ ᐪⲺু࣑Ⱦ⌫㓝࠽ᦘ䟽⭞⭫ᆆ᧝࡬θ
ਥ൞ᡶ䴶ু࣑с㧭ᗍᴶཝ䙕ᓜȾ
༽⌞
ᐛޭૂ⭫⊖ਥԛ ࠼䫕޻ᇂ‫ޞ‬᭴㖤൞≪䶘ԛсу䎻䗽ж㊩Ⲻ␗≪ᡌ㘻⎭≪ѣȾ

 ㊱ශḽ⽰
⽰ׁφ3&8&/
L

ᮦᆍ Ѵׁ 䈪᱄
 3&8 3 3HQWKHRQ
&8 ࢠ࠽䫩
   ㊱ශ᤽⽰
 &/ ㍝ࠇ䖱ᐝ

 ӝ૷ḽ䇼
৸㿷 )LJȾ
L

 䱨቎ⴌ  ᔶީ
 ޻㖤‫⭫ݻ‬䘔᧛ಞ  ‫⭫ݻ‬⣬ᘷ62&᤽⽰⚥  ৸㿷䜞࠼
 ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ  ⭫⊖㓺䬷
 ᐛޭ⑟ᓜ᤽⽰⚥  ѣᗹ㷰ṉ
 ᴶཝ᯳࣑ࣖ᤽⽰⚥  ѣᗹ㷰∃ૂ䬷ᇐ⧥
 /(' ⚥‫Ⲻݿ‬ᔶީ  ࠶࠹
 ⭫⊖㓺㻻㖤  䘸䞃ಞ㻻㖤  ࠶⡽
 ‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁ  ؓᣚྍ
 /('  䬦䬴䬶
 ⭫⊖㓺  গ⧥
 ⭫⊖⑟ᓜ᤽⽰⚥

 B 3&8

 =+

 ᐛޭ⭞ᡭ⮂䶘
L

⭞ᡭ⮂䶘 仒㢨 ⣬߫ ᬃ֒  䀙ߩᯯṾ
 ᢁᨆᣀᢁѣⲺ /(' 仒㢨φ㓘㢨θ䰠⛷ ‫⭞ֵ↘ڒ‬ᐛޭȾ
ᔶީȾ ᐛޭ䗽✣Ⱦ ߭পᐛޭȾ

 䗴ࡦᴶཝ᯳࣑ࣖ 仒㢨φ㓘㢨 ࠅ㕉ᬃ֒Ⱦ

ᰬθ㔵⚥Ӥ䎭Ⱦ ᐛޭ᧛䘇䗽✣Ⱦ

 ᐛޭ⑟ᓜȾ 仒㢨φ㔵㢨 ↙ᑮᬃ֒

⑟ᓜ↙ᑮȾ

 ᢶᵥ㿺Ṳ
L

䈪᱄ ঋփ Ᾰ䘦
ᴶཝᐛ֒ু࣑  ᐪ  ‫ݼ‬ᑋ  
SVL 
⏨ু⋯㊱ශ  ,62/+99*
ᥥࣞ㓝 PV " 
ؓᣚ⦽  ,3
༦㓝#PIW G%$ 
༦㓝#PIW G%$ 
⑟ᓜ㤹പ e& 
e) 
᤽Ԛ  (&(8

 䈛ᐛޭૂ⭫⊖㓺ਥԛᇂ‫ޞ‬᭴‫≪␗ޛ‬Ƚ૮≪ૂ㝅≪ѣθᴶཝ␧ᓜѰ 
㊩θᤷ㔣  ࠼䫕Ⱦ
L

䈪᱄ ঋփ 3&8&/ 3&8 3&8 3&8

ᴶཝ࠽ਙ PP    
LQ    
ᴶཝ࣑ N1W    
OEI    
䠃䠅 δᖻ⭞ε NJ    
OE    
ተሮ$[%[& ∡㊩ [[ [[ [[ [[
৸㿷 )LJȾ 㤧ሮ [[ [[ [[ [[
  
(1ㅿ㓝  %&) %&, %&. &&.
(1࠽ᯣ㜳  +**)* ,,,-- ..... .....
࣑ ৸㿷)LJ ৸㿷)LJ ৸㿷)LJ ৸㿷)LJ

3&8 B 

=+

䈪᱄ ঋփ 3&8&/ 3&8 3&8 3&8

1)3$࠽ᯣ  $%&'( $%&'( $%&'( $%&'(
㜳࣑ ) ) ) )
৸㿷)LJ ৸㿷)LJ ৸㿷)LJ ৸㿷)LJ

 ⭫⊖⭞ᡭ⮂䶘

 ⭫⊖ਥ⭞‫ؗ‬ᚥ
⭫⊖㇗⨼㌱㔕%06ਥ䱨↘⭫⊖㓺਍ࡦ޻䜞ᦕඅȾ
L

‫ ⽰᤽⭫ݻ‬/('Ⱦ৸㿷 Ⱦ

ᐛޭⲺᔶީȾ৸㿷 Ⱦ

⑟ᓜ᤽⽰ /('Ⱦ৸㿷 Ⱦ

 ‫ ⽰᤽⭫ݻ‬/('
⭫⊖㓺р䞃༽Ҽ/('᤽⽰⚥θਥᱴ⽰ཝᾸⲺ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬⣬ᘷȾ

༽⌞
⭫⊖㓺Ⲻ‫ڛ‬ᓭ⣬ᘷᱴ⽰൞‫⭫ݻ‬ಞрȾ

∅Ѡ /(' ⚥㺞⽰㓜‫⭫┗ݻ‬䠅Ⲻ Ⱦ

L

⭫⊖᭴⭫ ⭫⊖੥⭞  䘔᧛㠩‫⭫ݻ‬ಞȾ

ᐛޭީ䰣Ⱦ 仒㢨φ ⭫⊖ᵠ‫⭫ݻ‬ ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬


ᡶᴿ /('φ 㔵㢨 仒㢨φ㔵㢨 仒㢨φ㔵㢨
ީ
仒㢨φ
  
㔵㢨

仒㢨φ
  
㔵㢨

仒㢨φ
  
₏㢨
䭏䈥Ⱦ
ᡶᴿ /('φ 仒㢨φ
㓘㢨θ䰠⛷   
㓘㢨

仒㢨φ
  
㓘㢨θ䰠⛷

  

 B 3&8

 =+

 ᖉᡶᴿ /(' 䜳ᱴ⽰㓘㢨ᒬ䰠⛷ᰬφ

 ᬃ֒ ćRQRIIĈᔶީ‫⊖⭫⭞ڒ‬Ⱦ
 ᬃ֒ ćRQRIIĈᔶީ੥⭞⭫⊖Ⱦ
 䇟⭫⊖‫  ⭫ݻ‬ቅᰬȾ
 ྸ᷒䰤从ԃ❬ᆎ൞θ䈭㚊㌱㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾȾ

 ᔶީ
L

ᬃ֒䈛᤿䫤੥ࣞᐛޭȾ߃⅗ᬃ֒䈛᤿䫤‫↘ڒ‬ᐛޭȾ
ᬃ֒㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁᰬᐛޭⲺ⭫ᵰ䙐⭫੥ࣞȾ

༽⌞
ᐛޭ੥ࣞᰬθᢁᨆᣀᢁⲺ /(' ⚥唎䇚ᢉᔶȾ

 ⭫⊖㓺Ⲻ⑟ᓜ
⭫⊖㇗⨼㌱㔕%06ਥ䱨↘⭫⊖㓺਍ࡦ޻䜞ᦕඅȾ
L

仒㢨 ⣬߫ ᐛޭ ᬃ֒  䀙ߩᯯṾ
仒㢨φ㔵㢨 ↙ᑮ ֵ⭞⭫⊖㓺
⑟ᓜ↙ᑮ

仒㢨φ㓘㢨 ↙ᑮ ਥԛ‫⭫ݻ‬ᡌֵ⭞Ⱦ
⭫⊖᧛䘇䗽✣Ⱦ ߼༽ླ߭পᡌᴪᦘ⭫⊖Ⱦ
‫!⭫ݻ‬e&e)θ᭴⭫!e&e)
仒㢨φ㓘㢨θ䰠⛷ ᐨ‫⭞ڒ‬ ߭পᡌᴪᦘ⭫⊖Ⱦ
⭫⊖䗽✣Ⱦ
‫!⭫ݻ‬e&e)θ᭴⭫!e&e)
仒㢨φ㬓㢨 ↙ᑮ ਥԛ‫⭫ݻ‬ᡌֵ⭞Ⱦ
⭫⊖᧛䘇䗽߭Ⱦ ⭫⊖Ր㠠ࣞ人✣Ⱦ
‫⭫ݻ‬e&e)θ᭴⭫e&e)
仒㢨φ㬓㢨θ䰠⛷ ᐨ‫⭞ڒ‬ 人✣ᡌᴪᦘ⭫⊖Ⱦ
⭫⊖䗽߭Ⱦ
‫⭫ݻ‬e&e)θ᭴⭫e&e)

 ⭫⊖㓺ᢶᵥ㿺Ṳ
L

䈪᱄ ঋփ 3%3$
⭫ু 9'& 
⭫ᇯ $K 
㜳䠅 :K 
⭫⊖ශਭ /L,RQ
ؓᣚ⦽  ,3
䠃䠅 δᖻ⭞ε NJ 
OE 
⑟ᓜ㤹പ e& 
e) 

3&8 B 

=+

 ⭫⊖㓺ᆿ‫ޞ‬⢯ᙝ
⭫⊖㓺ޭᴿԛсؓᣚ 
‡ ⸣䐥
‡ ␧ᓜ᭴⭫
‡  ⭫⊖㓺ૂѠࡡ⭫⊖ඍ  䗽⭫ুૂ⅖⭫ু
‡ ‫ૂ⭫ݻ‬᭴⭫ᰬ䗽⍷
‡ 䗽ᓜ‫⭫ݻ‬
‡  Ѡࡡ⭫⊖ඍૂ⭫ᆆ‫ݹ‬Ԭ  ⑟ᓜ䗽儎
‡ ‫ૂ⭫ݻ‬᭴⭫䎻࠰‫ݷ‬䇮Ⲻ⑟ᓜ㤹പ

 ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞ
৸㿷 )LJȾ
⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞᱥж〃⢯⇀Ⲻ⭫⊖㓺Ⱦਥԛ⭞⭫Ⓠᴵԙ⭫ࣞᐛޭⲺ⭫⊖Ⱦ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞⲺ৸ᮦࠖ҄фᲤ䙐⭫⊖
⴮ੂȾ䞃ᴿ ćRQRIIĈᔶީԛ਀ᱴ⽰⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞ⣬ᘷⲺ /(' ᤽⽰⚥Ⱦ

⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞޭᴿԛсؓᣚ 
‡ ⸣䐥
‡ ⑟ᓜ䗽儎

 䞃Ԭ 3 ㌱㔕
L

䈪᱄ ශਭ
⭫⊖㓺 3%3$ ḽ߼ 
3%3$ ѣള 
L

䈪᱄ ශਭ ᨈཪශਭ
⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞ 3%&+ ⅝ⴕ 
3%&+ 㗄ള 
3%&+ ь⮂䙐⭞ 
3%&+ ᰛᵢ 
3%&+ 㤧ള 
3%&+ 丟ള 
3%&+ ѣള 
3%&+ দᓜ 
⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞ 30& ⅝ⴕ 
30& 㗄ള 
30& ᰛᵢ 
30& 㤧ള 
30& 丟ള 
30& ѣള 
30& দᓜ 
30& ◩⍨ 
30& ᐪ㾵 
޻㖤‫⭫ݻ‬㓵 327& ь⮂䙐⭞ 
Ѩ㚊⭫㓵 '&3& ь⮂䙐⭞ 

 B 3&8

 =+

 俌⅗ֵ⭞߼༽
 Ᾰ䘦
‡ Ỷḛ䇴༽ᱥੜᇂླȽᴿᰖᦕඅȾྸ᷒䇴༽ᦕඅθ䈭वֵ⭞χ
൞䘏〃᛻߫сθ䈭㚊㌱㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼Ⱦ
‡ Ỷḛ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁⲺᬃ֒᛻߫θᶴᔶ੄ᗻ亱䘊ഔѣ䰪փ㖤Ⱦ
‡ 俌⅗ֵ⭞ࢃθࣗᗻ㔏⭫⊖㓺ᇂ‫⭫ݻޞ‬Ⱦ৸㿷  䜞࠼Ⱦ
‡ ሼ⭫⊖㓺᭴‫⊖⭫ޛ‬㓺㻻㖤  䘸䞃ಞ㻻㖤ѣθ⴪㠩⭫⊖㓺䬷㍝Ⱦ
‡ Ỷḛ⭫⊖㓺θ⺤ؓ䬷㍝ᶺԬᐛ֒↙ᑮȾ

 ᬃ֒
 ㌱㔕ᬃ֒
⭫⊖ᐛޭѣ䳼ᡆҼ⏨ু⌫Ⱦ⭫ࣞᵰֵ⏨ু⌫ᐛ֒Ⱦ⭫ࣞᵰ⭧⭫⊖㓺ᡌཌ䜞⭫Ⓠ‫⭫ב‬Ⱦ↚⌫ਥ〱㖤⏨ু
⋯θᒬ㜳ཕ㚐䳼ু࣑Ⱦ⏨ু⌫ਥ⴪᧛䘔᧛ࡦ⏨ু㕮рȾ
⏨ু㕮ᑜᴿਥ䖪ੇ〱ࣞⲺ⍱ດȾྸ᷒⏨ু㕮Ԅᓋ䜞ࣖ⋯θ⍱ດ〱࠰Ⱦྸ᷒⏨ু㕮Ԅ京䜞ࣖ⋯θ⍱ດ〱
‫ޛ‬Ⱦ⍱ດ〱ࣞᯯੇ⭧੃Ѱ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁⲺ㻻㖤᧝࡬Ⱦ⭞ᡭਥᰁ䖢㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁᶛ᧝࡬〱ࣞȾྸ᷒䠀᭴㍝
ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁθެሼ㠠ࣞ䘊ഔѣ䰪փ㖤θֵᐛޭ㄁঩‫↘ڒ‬〱ࣞȾ
൞ࢠ࠽䫩Ƚᢟᕖಞૂཐࣕ㜳ࢠᢟਂ⭞䫩ㅿᐛޭѣθ⍱ດⲺ〱ࣞՐᑜᶛ࠽ࢨᡌᢟᕖ䘆ࣞȾ

 Ѱ⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬
‡ ൞㔏⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬ҁࢃθ䈭䰻䈱⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞⲺ䈪᱄Ⱦ
‡ ӻਥֵ⭞ެѣжѠ᤽ᇐⲺ㦭傢⢯‫⭫ݻ‬ಞѰ⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ
‡ ⭫⊖㓺൞⑟ᓜԁӄ e& ૂ e& δe) ૂ e)εҁ䰪Ⲻᒨ⠛⧥ູс䘑㺂‫⭫ݻ‬θ‫⭫ݻ‬᭾᷒ᴶ
֩θ⭫⊖㓺Ⲻֵ⭞ስળᴶ䮵Ⱦ
‡ ⭫⊖㓺рⲺ 62& ᤽⽰ಞሼᱴ⽰⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬⣬ᘷȾ
‡ ⭫⊖㓺‫ݻ‬᭴⭫ཐ⅗੄䗴ࡦᴶཝᇯ䠅Ⱦ
‡ ঩ֵ⭫⊖㓺ֵ⭞ᰬ䰪ᖾ⸣θҕ㾷ခ㓾⺤ؓѰ⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ
‡ ⭧ӄ⭫⊖㓺ޭ༽䗽ᓜ‫ؓ⭫ݻ‬ᣚࣕ㜳θഖ↚ਥ䮵ᰬ䰪ф‫⭫ݻ‬ಞؓᤷ䘔᧛Ⱦ

⌞ᝅ
⭫⊖㓺уֵ⭞ᰬθᔰ䇤ሼެж⴪䘔᧛ࡦ⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬ಞ δ䘔᧛㠩⭫ⓆεȾᖉ⭫⊖㓺‫੄⭫┗ݻ‬θ
⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞՐᇐᰬ㠠ࣞᢉᔶૂީ䰣θԛؓᤷ  Ⲻ⭫䠅Ⱦ
൞⭫⊖㓺␧ᓜ᭴⭫੄θ㾷‫  ⭫ݻ‬ቅᰬȾྸ᷒  ቅᰬ੄⭫⊖㓺ԃᵠ‫⭫┗ݻ‬θ䈭㚊㌱ᖉ൦Ⲻ㦭
傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼Ⱦ

 ᆿ㻻⭫⊖㓺
৸㿷 )LJȾ
‡ ሼ⭫⊖㓺᭴‫⊖⭫ޛ‬㓺㻻㖤  䘸䞃ಞ㻻㖤ѣθ⴪㠩⭫⊖㓺䬷㍝Ⱦ

 䘔᧛ࡦཌ䜞⭫Ⓠ
㿷 )LJȾ
䲚ֵ⭞⭫⊖㓺ԛཌθ↚ᐛޭҕਥ䙐䗽щ⭞⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞ䘔᧛ࡦ⭫ⓆȾӻਥֵ⭞䪾ሯ↚⭞䙊Ⲻ৕㻻⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛
ಞȾ

‡ ሼ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞⲺ䘸䞃ಞ┇‫⊖⭫ޛ‬㓺㻻㖤  䘸䞃ಞ㻻㖤ѣθ⴪㠩⭫⊖㓺䬷ᢙগ㍝Ⱦ
‡ ሼ⭫Ⓠ䘔᧛ಞⲺᨈཪᨈ‫⴮ࡦޛ‬ᓊⲺ⭫ⓆᨈਙȾ

3&8 B 

=+

 ੥ࣞᐛޭ
‡ ᬃ֒⭫⊖Ⲻ ćRQRIIĈᔶީ੥⭞ᐛޭȾ⑟ᓜ /('Ƚ‫⭫ݻ‬⣬ᘷ /(' ԛ਀ᐛޭ /(' ሼᔶ੥Ⱦ
‡ ᐛޭᔶခᬃ֒θྸ᷒㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ䈹ࡦփ㖤 ᡌ 

⌞ᝅ
ᐛޭ  ࠼䫕уֵ⭞ᰬθ⭫⊖㓺ሼ‫⭞ڒ‬Ⱦᬃ֒ ćRQRIIĈᔶީ߃⅗੥⭞ᐛޭȾ

 ᬃ֒㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ
㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ⭞ӄ⎁ᇐ⍱ດⲺ〱ࣞȾྸ᷒䠀᭴㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁθެሼ㠠ࣞ䘊ഔѣ䰪փ㖤θֵ⏨ু⌫‫↘ڒ‬Ⱦ
ᐛޭ‫↘ڒ‬Ⱦ
൞㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞⲺࡓခ䘆ࣞѣθ⭫ᵰ㕉ម䘆㺂Ⱦᐛޭ〱ࣞ᭴㕉ԛ⺤ؓᴶཝ䲆ᓜ᧝࡬Ⱦᖉ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ䘑ж↛
䖢ࣞᰬθ⭫ᵰሼԛᴶ儎䙕ᓜ䘆㺂Ⱦ
ু࣑൞ᐛޭѣ〥㚐Ⱦ⋯൞⋗ᴿু࣑Ⲻ᛻߫сԄᐛޭѣ⍷ഔȾ
L

൞↚փ㖤ᨗօ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁਥծኋ  ᢉᔶᐛޭȾ

൞↚փ㖤ᨗօ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁਥ᭬ഔ  ީ䰣ᐛޭȾ

⌞ᝅ
⌫ሼ൞ᴶཝু࣑с‫↘ڒ‬ᐛ֒ԛ㢸ⴷ㜳ⓆȾᴶཝ᯳࣑ࣖ᤽⽰⚥Ӥ䎭θੂᰬ㴸呙ಞਇ࠰ଊଊ༦Ⱦ
‡ 䠀᭴㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾ
‡ ㄁঩ԛ⴮ਃᯯੇ䖢ࣞ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾᛞਥԛ߃⅗ֵ⭞ᐛޭȾ
‡ ߃⅗⋵ᬃ֒ᐛޭሯᓊⲺᯯੇ䖢ࣞ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾ

 ⚥ᔶީⲺᬃ֒
ᐛޭрᴿжѠ⭞ӄ޻㖤 /(' ⚥ⲺᔶީȾ
‡ ᤿с⚥ᔶީᶛᢉᔶૂީ䰣 /(' ⚥Ⱦ
⌞ᝅ
ᐛޭ੥ࣞᰬθ/(' 唎䇚ᢉᔶȾ

 ֵ⭞
 Ᾰ䘦
ᮇᨪ㌱㔕䇴༽ᗻ亱ခ㓾߼༽ቧᓅθ䳅ᰬᖻ⭞Ⱦ঩ֵ⭞ҁ੄Ƚ᭬ᆎҁࢃθᗻ亱㄁঩䘑㺂ỶḛૂỶ僂Ⱦ
ֵ⭞ࢃθࣗᗻỶḛ⭫⊖㓺⭫䠅⣬ᘷȾ৸㿷  ㄖ㢸Ⱦ

䆜઀
⺤ؓᛞҼ䀙ᡶᴿᴶ᯦Ⲻᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏθᒬъᧂᨗҼᡶ⭞㌱㔕‫ޞ‬䜞䇴༽Ⲻֵ⭞ᯯ⌋Ⱦ

 ֵ⭞ࢃ
‡ ֵ⭞ࢃθࣗᗻỶḛ⭫⊖㓺⭫䠅⣬ᘷȾ৸㿷  ㄖ㢸Ⱦ

 B 3&8

 =+

 ֵ⭞ᵕ䰪

 ᴪᦘ⭫⊖㓺
⭫⊖㓺р䞃༽Ҽ/('᤽⽰⚥θਥᱴ⽰ཝᾸⲺ⭫⊖⭫䠅 δ‫⭫ݻ‬⣬ᘷεȾ
ቅᗹ

‡ ⸣ᰬ䰪޻ཐ⅗ᔶީਥ㜳Ր䙖ᡆ⑟ᓜॽ儎θᒬ䎻䗽‫ݷ‬䇮Ⲻ䲆࡬Ⱦᐛޭᐛ֒䙕ᓜሼࠅមθԛ
䱨↘⭫⊖‫⭫ב↘ڒ‬Ⱦ
‡ ൞儎ӄ e& e) Ⲻ⑟ᓜсֵ⭞⭫⊖㓺Ր䲃ք⭫⊖㓺Ⲻֵ⭞ስળȾ

‡ ֵ⭞ ćRQRIIĈᔶީ‫↘ڒ‬ᐛޭȾ
‡ ਌࠰⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ৸㿷 )LJȾ
‡ ሼ᯦⭫⊖㓺㻻‫ޛ‬ᐛޭѣȾ৸㿷 )LJȾ
‡ ֵ⭞ ćRQRIIĈᔶީ੥ࣞᐛޭȾ

⌞ᝅ
ᔰ䇤䳅ᰬ༽ᴿ㠩ቇжѠᐨ‫⊖⭫⭞༽Ⲻ⭫┗ݻ‬㓺Ⱦ

⌞ᝅ
Ѱؓᣚ⭫⊖㓺θਠ㾷⭫⊖㓺㙍ታθᐛޭ঩Ր傢р‫↘ڒ‬Ⱦ↚ᰬᐛޭՐരᇐуࣞȾ㾷਌࠰ᐛޭθ
ᴶླᴪᦘр‫⊖⭫Ⲻ⭫┗ݻ‬㓺Ⱦ

 ᐛޭ䘆ࣞ
࠶⡽ީ䰣Ⲻ䙕ᓜ⴮ሯ䖹ᘡθ⴪ࡦ䙽ࡦ䱱࣑Ⱦ❬੄⌫ሼ㚐䳼ু࣑θԛ䘑㺂࠽ࢨᬃ֒Ⱦ
䆜઀
൞ᐛޭ䘆ࣞ䗽ぁѣᗻ亱ṲཌቅᗹȾഖѰᐛޭⲺᐞཝ࣑䠅θ䓡։䜞փᖾᇯ᱉਍ࡦু՚ᡌ཯՚Ⱦ

༽⌞
ᖉሼᐛޭ᭴‫≪ޛ‬ѣᰬθᆹਥ൞ᆿ‫⁗ޞ‬ᕅсᐛ֒φ
‡ ⭫ࣞᵰք䙕䘆䖢Ⱦ
‡ ᶴᔶ᧝࡬ᣀᢁᡌ㖤ӄѣ䰪փ㖤ᰬθ⭫ࣞᵰуՐ‫↘ڒ‬Ⱦ

‫ݷ‬䇮㔝㔣Ⱦ

 ࠽ࢨ
ቅᗹ
䈭व࠽ࢨඐ⺢Ⲻ㍝രԬȽ㷰ṉㅿθԛ‫ᦕރ‬අ࠶ޭȾ

 ᢉᔶ࠶ޭȾ
 ᭴㖤ᐛޭθֵᗍᢉᔶⲺᐛޭф㾷࠽ࢨⲺ⢟։ම⴪Ⱦ৸㿷 )LJȾ
 ሼ㾷࠽ࢨⲺ⢟։᭴㖤൞࠽ࢨᔶਙታਥ㜳␧Ⲻփ㖤Ⱦ৸㿷 )LJȾ
 ީ䰣࠶ޭȾ

䆜઀
ྸ᷒࠶ޭփ㖤у↙θ䈭㄁঩‫↘ڒ‬ᬃ֒Ⱦᴿћ䠃ᦕඅᐛޭૂћ䠃Ӱ䓡՚ᇩⲺধ䲟Ⱦ৸㿷 )LJȾ

3&8 B 

=+

 ᴶཝ᯳࣑ࣖ᤽⽰⚥
৸㿷θȾ
ᖉ䗴ࡦᴶཝু࣑ᰬθᐛޭ㠠ࣞ‫↘ڒ‬θԛ㢸ⴷ㜳ⓆȾᴶཝু࣑᤽⽰⚥Ӥ䎭Ⱦ

‡ 䠀᭴㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾ
‡ ㄁঩ԛ⴮ਃᯯੇ䖢ࣞ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾᛞਥԛ߃⅗ֵ⭞ᐛޭȾ
‡ ߃⅗⋵ᬃ֒ᐛޭሯᓊⲺᯯੇ䖢ࣞ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁȾ

 ⧥ູ‫ؗ‬ᚥ
‡ ↙ᑮֵ⭞ᰬуՐ⋺╅Ⱦഖ↚θуՐ᧛䀜⭫⊖㓺޻Ⲻ∈ᙝ⢟䍞Ⱦ
‡ ↙ᑮֵ⭞ᰬуՐӝ⭕⧥ູধᇩȾ

 ֵ⭞੄

 Ỷḛ
‡ Ỷḛ⭫⊖⭫䠅Ⱦྸᴿᗻ㾷θ䈭Ѱ⭫⊖㓺䠃᯦‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ৸㿷  ㄖ㢸Ⱦ
‡ ỶḛᐛޭᱥੜᇂླȽᱥੜ╅⋯ᡌᴿᰖᦕඅȾྸ᷒╅⋯ᡌᦕඅθ䈭वֵ⭞↚ᐛޭθᒬф㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ
⨼୼㚊㌱Ⱦ
‡ Ỷḛ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁⲺᐛ֒᛻߫Ⱦᶴᔶᰬᣀᢁᓊ䘊ഔѣ䰪փ㖤Ⱦ
‡ Ỷḛ‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁᱥੜᐨ⢘രᆿ㻻Ⱦ
‡ Ỷ僂࠶ޭȾྸ᷒ᦕඅ䖹Ѱћ䠃θሼެᴪᦘȾ

 ީ䰣
‡ 䰣ਾ࠶ޭᰬθ࠹ㄥᖲ↚Ӛ䭏θԛ䱨䙖ᡆӰ䓡՚ᇩȾ䈭वᇂ‫ޞ‬䰣ਾ࠶ޭθ䘏ṭᐛޭਥ൞ᰖু࣑Ⲻ᛻߫
с᭬ᆎȾ
‡ ‫⭞ֵ↘ڒ‬ᐛޭȾ
‡ ਌࠰⭫⊖㓺ᒬሼެ㖤ӄ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞ޻Ⱦ
‡ 䘎ਥԛ࡟⭞޻㖤‫⭫ݻ‬㓵㔏ᐛޭрⲺ⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬Ⱦ
‡ ⭫⊖㓺ਥԛ᭴൞⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞрȾᆹ䘎ਥԛ䙐䗽ᐛޭ޻㖤‫⭫ݻ‬㓵䘔᧛Ⱦྸֵ᷒⭞䘏њ〃ࣕ㜳θᐛޭр
Ⲻ⭫⊖㓺ਥԛ俌‫⭫ݻݾ‬Ⱦ

 ᆎ᭴⭫⊖㓺
⌞ᝅ
⭫⊖㓺уֵ⭞ᰬθᔰ䇤ሼެж⴪䘔᧛ࡦ⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬ಞ δ䘔᧛㠩⭫ⓆεȾᖉ⭫⊖㓺‫੄⭫┗ݻ‬θ
⭫⊖‫⭫ݻ‬ಞՐᇐᰬ㠠ࣞᢉᔶૂީ䰣θԛؓᤷ  Ⲻ⭫䠅Ⱦ

‡ ሼ⭫⊖㓺᭬ᆎ൞ᒨ⠛Ƚ䙐伄㢥ླⲺ⧥ູѣȾᴶ儎ᆎ᭴⑟ᓜу㾷䎻䗽e& e)Ⱦ
‡ ⺤ؓ䇴༽൞䘆䗉䗽ぁѣуՐ‫ٴ‬㘱Ⱦ

 ␻⌷ૂ᭬ᆎ
⌞ᝅ
㤛ᐛޭᴴ൞≪сֵ⭞䗽θ䈭ࣗᗻ␻⌷ᐛޭԛ⺤ؓᐛޭ↙ᑮ䘆㺂Ⱦ

↙ᑮֵ⭞੄
 ᭬ᆎҁࢃθ␻⌷⭞䗽Ⲻᐛޭૂᡶᴿ䞃ԬȾ
 ྸ᷒൞▤⒵⧥ູѣֵ⭞䗽θ䈭ሼᐛޭᬜᒨȾ㔏ᡶᴿ㼮䵨Ⲻ䫘䜞Ԭ⎸р䱨䬾ࡸૂ䱨▤ࡸȾ
 ሼᐛޭ᭬ᆎ൞ᒨ⠛Ƚ䙐伄㢥ླⲺ⧥ູѣȾ

 B 3&8

 =+

⎮≪੄
 ਌࠰⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ⭞␻≪ߨ⍍ᐛޭ  ⅗Ƚ⭫⊖㓺ૂ䱺ԬȾ
 ྸ᷒ᐛޭᴴ൞⌛⌔Ƚ㛤㝅ᡌᴿⴆ࠼Ⲻ≪ѣֵ⭞䗽θࡏᗻ亱਌сⴌᆆԛ␻䲚⇁⮏Ⲻ⊗ෘȾ
৸㿷 )LJȾ
L ᣼с᧝࡬ᣀᢁ⧥рⲺ㷰䪿Ⱦδ$θ[ε
LL ᣼с᧝࡬ᣀᢁ⧥Ⱦδ%εу㾷ᯣᔶ᧛㓵Ⱦ
LLL ሼ京䜞ሷⴌрⲺ㷰䪿᣼сȾδ&θ[ε
LY ᣼с京䜞ሷⴌȾδ'εу㾷ᯣᔶ᧛㓵Ⱦ
Y ሼᓋ䜞ሷⴌрⲺ㷰䪿᣼сȾδ(θ[ε
YL ᣼сᓋ䜞ሷⴌȾδ)θ[ε
YLL ᢉᔶ䱨቎ⴌȾδ*ε
 ⭞␻≪ߨ⍍޻䜞䴬Ԭθሼ⊗ෘ␻䲚Ⱦ
 ⭞ু㕟グ≊␻䲚≪ૂ⊗ෘȾ
 㔏ᡶᴿ㼮䵨Ⲻ䫘䜞Ԭ⎸р䱨䬾ࡸૂ䱨▤ࡸȾ
 䇟ᐛޭȽ⭫⊖ૂ䱺Ԭ൞ᇚ⑟сᲴᒨȾ
 ᆿ㻻ሷⴌφ
L ᆿ㻻ᓋ䜞ሷⴌȾδ)θ[ε
LL ᆿ㻻ᓋ䜞ሷⴌⲺ㷰䪿Ⱦδ(θ[ε
LLL ᆿ㻻京䜞ሷⴌȾδ'ε
LY ᆿ㻻京䜞ሷⴌⲺ㷰䪿Ⱦδ&θ[ε
Y ᆿ㻻᧝࡬ᣀᢁ⧥Ⱦδ%ε
YL ᆿ㻻᧝࡬ᣀᢁ⧥Ⲻ㷰䪿Ⱦδ$θ[ε
YLL ީ䰣䱨቎ⴌȾδ*εȾ
 ሼᐛޭ᭬ᆎ൞ᒨ⠛Ƚ䙐伄㢥ླⲺ⧥ູѣȾ

 ᭻䳒ᧈ䲚
 Ᾰ䘦
ྸ᷒䟽⭞р䘦䀙ߩࣔ⌋ᒬᵠӝ⭕ᡶ䴶Ⲻ᭾᷒ᡌ㘻ᴿެԌ䰤从θ䈭૞䈘㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼Ⱦሯӄ᭻䳒ᡌ‫ؤ‬
⨼θ䈭ࣗᗻ䈜㓼ᨆ‫ב‬䇴༽ⲺශਭૂᓅࡍਭȾ

⌞ᝅ
ྸ᷒䴶㾷ሼ⭫⊖㓺䘷ഔᦾᵹԙ⨼୼䘑㺂㔪‫ؤ‬θ⺤ؓ᤿➝䘸⭞ӄ䬸⭫⊖㓺Ⲻ䈪᱄ሯ⭫⊖㓺䘑㺂
ऻ㻻Ⱦ৸㿷  ㄖ㢸Ⱦ

 ᬃ֒㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁᰬᐛޭу䘆㺂
L

ਥ㜳৕ഖ 䀙ߩࣔ⌋
⭫⊖⣬߫у㢥Ⱦ ‡ Ỷḛ⭫⊖㓺⣬߫Ⱦ৸㿷  ㄖ㢸Ⱦ
‡ ᴪᦘр‫⊖⭫Ⲻ⭫┗ݻ‬㓺Ⱦ
ᐛޭуᔶ੥Ⱦ ᬃ֒ ćRQRIIĈᔶީȾ/(' ᓊ䈛Ӥ䎭Ⱦ
⭫⊖㓺༺ӄ⶗ⵖ⁗ᕅȾᐛޭуֵ⭞㓜  ࠼ 㾷߃⅗੥⭞⭫⊖㓺 
䫕੄Րਇ⭕䘏〃᛻߫Ⱦ ‡ ᬃ֒ ćRQRIIĈᔶީȾ
⭫ࣞᵰу䘆㺂Ⱦ ⭧㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾ‫⨼ؤ‬Ⱦ
ᐛޭⲺ⑟ᓜ᤽⽰⚥䰠⛷Ⱦ ৸㿷 Ⱦ
⭫⊖Ⲻ⑟ᓜ᤽⽰⚥䰠⛷Ⱦ ৸㿷 Ⱦ
ᐛޭ޻㖤Ֆ᝕ಞᖾ㝅Ⱦ ␻⌷Ֆ᝕ಞȾ৸㿷 Ⱦ

3&8 B 

=+

 ᐛޭ੥ࣞᰬ /(' ⋗ᴿӤ䎭

L

ਥ㜳৕ഖ 䀙ߩࣔ⌋
⭫⊖㓺㻡䬷ᇐȾ ਌࠰⭫⊖㓺੄䠃᯦ሼެ㻻‫ޛ‬ᐛޭθ⴪㠩⭫⊖㓺䬷㍝Ⱦ
⭫⊖㓺༺ӄ⶗ⵖ⁗ᕅȾᐛޭуֵ⭞㓜  ࠼ 㾷߃⅗੥⭞⭫⊖㓺 
䫕੄Րਇ⭕䘏〃᛻߫Ⱦ ‡ ᬃ֒ ćRQRIIĈᔶީȾ
㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁу൞ѣ䰪փ㖤Ⱦ ሼ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ㖤ӄѣ䰪փ㖤Ⱦ

 ⭫⊖㓺‫⭫ݻ‬ઞᵕҁ䰪Ⲻᴿ⭞ᬃ֒ᰬ䰪䶔ᑮ⸣Ⱦ
L

ਥ㜳৕ഖ 䀙ߩࣔ⌋
⭫⊖㓺ᦕඅȾ ᴪᦘ⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ

 ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁগօᡌу㜳㠠ࣞ䘊ഔѣ䰪փ㖤Ⱦ
L

ਥ㜳৕ഖ 䀙ߩࣔ⌋
㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁཌ䜞ᦕඅȾ ⭧㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾ‫⨼ؤ‬Ⱦ
㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁᴿ䰤从Ⱦ ⭧㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾ‫⨼ؤ‬Ⱦ

 ࠽ࢨу㢥
L

ਥ㜳৕ഖ 䀙ߩࣔ⌋
࠶⡽ᦕඅȾ ሼ࠶࠹ᢉ⼞ᡌ䬿ᡆ↙⺤Ⲻᖘ⣬Ⱦ
ѣᗹ㷰ṉⲺᤝ㍝ᢣ⸟у↙⺤Ⱦ ⭞  ⢑㊩ᤝ㍝㷰ṉȾ

 ൞ᐛޭ᭴‫≪ޛ‬ѣᵕ䰪ᡌҁ੄θ⭫ࣞᵰք䙕䘆䖢
L

ਥ㜳৕ഖ 䀙ߩࣔ⌋
⭫䐥Ჸᰬᴿ᭻䳒Ⱦ ᖱᓋ␻⍍ᐛޭȾ৸㿷 Ⱦ
ᐛޭ൞ᆿ‫⁗ޞ‬ᕅсᐛ֒Ⱦ

 㔪ᣚ
 Ᾰ䘦
䇴༽ྸ᷒ᗍࡦ↙⺤㔪ᣚθуӻ㜳ཕؓ䇷ᬃ֒ᆿ‫ޞ‬ᙝθ䘎㜳ᔬ䮵ֵ⭞ስળȾሯӄ᭻䳒ᡌ‫⨼ؤ‬θ䈭ࣗᗻ䈜㓼
ᨆ‫ב‬䇴༽ⲺශਭૂᓅࡍਭȾ

ቅᗹ
䘑㺂㔪ᣚ֒ѐᰬθ䈭ࣗᗻ䚫ᗠ⴮ީⲺᆿ‫ޞ‬㿺ࡏȾサᡪ᤽ᇐⲺѠӰ䱨ᣚ䇴༽Ⱦ

 B 3&8

 =+

 ধ䲟⢟䍞
ቅᗹ
ᬃ֒ѣֵ⭞䗽Ⲻᡌ⋺╅Ⲻ⋯⏨ૂެԌӝ૷䜳ᗻ亱᭬䳼䎭ᶛθᒬ᤿➝⧥ؓᯯᕅ༺㖤Ⱦ

 㔪ᣚᶆᯏ
L

ᓊ⭞ 㔪ᣚᶆᯏ㊱ශ ⭞䠅
䫘䍞䴬Ԭ :' 䱨㞆⋯ ṯᦤ䴶㾷
䬦䬴䬶 ⢯≕䲼⏜┇⋯ ṯᦤ䴶㾷
䮵ᵕ᭬ᆎ 9DOYROLQH Ⲻ 7HFW\O0/ ṯᦤ䴶㾷

ᴪཐ༽Ԭ‫ؗ‬ᚥθ䈭㚊㌱㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼Ⱦ

 㔪ᣚ䇗ࡈᆿᧈ
L

ᰬ䰪䰪䳊

∅Ѡᴾᡌ∅Ѡᐛ֒
∅Ѡᴾᡌᴶࡓ  Ѡᐛ֒ቅ

∅ᒪᡌ∅ᐛ֒Ѡቅᰬ
∅⅗ֵ⭞ҁ੄

ቅᰬҁ੄
ᰬҁ੄
ሯ䊗

ᬃ֒

ҁ੄
⭫⊖㓺 Ỷḛ [
䠃᯦‫⭫ݻ‬ [ [
➝᱄⚥ Ỷḛ [

㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼㔪ᣚ 
࠶⡽ ỶḛȽ␻⌷Ƚ⏜┇ [
䬦䬴䬶Ⲻগ⧥ Ỷḛ [ [
ѣᗹ㷰ṉ ⏜┇ [ [
䬦䬴䬶 ⏜┇ [ [
‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁ Ỷḛ [
㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ Ỷḛ [
޻㖤‫⭫ݻ‬㓵 Ỷḛ [

 ᗻ亱ሯ䇴༽䘑㺂ᖱᓋỶ僂ȽỶḛȽ䇴㖤ૂ⎁䈋Ⱦᔰ䇤⭧㦭傢⢯㔅䬶୼ᇔ᯳䘏亯‫ޞ‬䶘㔪ᣚ֒ѐȾ
 ਜ䈭৸㿷 ㄖ㢸 Ⱦ

 㔪ᣚᬃ֒

 Ᾰ䘦
‡ ∅⅗ֵ⭞ҁ੄φ
 Ỷḛ⭫⊖㓺ᱥੜᦕඅ਀ࣕ㜳ᱥੜ↙ᑮȾ
 ྸ᷒⭫⊖㓺ᦕඅᡌࣕ㜳у↙ᑮθ䈭ᴪᦘᦕඅⲺ⭫⊖㓺Ⱦ

3&8 B 

=+

 Ỷḛঋ‫Ⲻݹ‬ᬃ֒Ⱦ
 Ỷḛঋ‫ݹ‬ᴿᰖᦕඅૂ⋺╅Ⱦྸ᷒ঋ‫ݹ‬ᵠ↙⺤ᐛ֒ૂ  ᡌঋ‫╅⑍ݹ‬θ⭧㦭傢⢯䇚䇷ᢶᐾ㔪‫ؤ‬Ⱦ

 ‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁ
‡ Ỷḛ‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁᱥੜᦕඅȾᴪᦘᦕඅⲺ‫׵‬ᩰᣀᢁȾ

 ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁ
‡ Ỷḛ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁᱥੜ䘊ഔѣ䰪փ㖤Ⱦ
‡ Ỷḛ㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁⲺᐛ֒᛻߫Ⱦྸ᷒㍝ᙛ࡬ࣞᣀᢁᰖ⌋↙ᑮᬃ֒θ䈭㦭傢⢯㔅䬶୼䘑㺂‫⨼ؤ‬Ⱦ

 ࠶⡽
㿷 )LJȾ
‡ Ỷḛ࠶ޭᱥੜᦕඅȾྸ᷒࠶ޭᡌ࠶ޭቌㄥᐨᦕඅᡌ⼞ᦕθ䈭㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾᴪᦘ࠶ޭȾ
‡ Ỷḛ࠶ޭᱥੜම⴪Ⱦྸ᷒䰪䐓䎻䗽 PP&θ䈭㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾᴪᦘ࠶ޭȾ

 ѣᗹ㷰ṉ
৸㿷 )LJ
‡ Ỷḛѣᗹ㷰ṉ δ%εⲺᤝ㍝ᢣ⸟ᱥੜѰ 1PȾ
‡ ൞ᐛޭᢉᔶૂީ䰣Ⲻੂᰬθሼ⢯≕嗏⏜┇⋯௭⍈൞ѣᗹ㷰ṉ δ%ε⍱ࣞ䴬Ԭрԛ਀䴬Ԭҁ䰪Ⱦ

ቅᗹ
ѣᗹ㷰ṉу㜳᣼মȾ䈭㚊㌱㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾȾ

 䬦䬴䬶
㿷 )LJȾ
‡ ൞ᐛޭᢉᔶૂީ䰣Ⲻੂᰬθሼ 7HIORQ ⏜┇⋯௭⍈൞䬦䬴䬶%〱ࣞ䴬Ԭрԛ਀䴬Ԭҁ䰪Ⱦ
䆜઀
䬦䬴䬶у㜳᣼মȾ

 䬦䬴䬶Ⲻগ⧥
㿷 )LJȾ
‡ Ỷḛ䬦䬴䬶 δ$εᱥੜᴿগ⧥ȽᴿᰖᦕඅȾ
ྸ᷒⋗ᴿগ⧥ᡌগ⧥ᦕඅθ䈭㦭傢⢯ᤷ䇷ᢶᐾᆿ㻻᯦Ⲻগ⧥Ⱦ

 ԙ⨼୼ᒪᓜ㔪ᣚ
ᔰ䇤⭧ᤛᴿжᇐ⸛䇼ૂᗻ㾷ᐛޭⲺ㦭傢⢯䇚䇷ᢶᵥӰ઎䘑㺂ᒪᓜ䇴༽ỶḛȽ䇴㖤ૂ⎁䈋 δਜ䈭৸㿷 
㢸εȾ
㦭傢⢯ᦾᵹԙ⨼୼ਥфᛞㆴ㓜䘑㺂ᒪᓜ㔪ᣚȾ

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