HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION 2019-20

MARKING SCHEME FOR CLASS 12 PHYSICS SET 1

SECTION A
19
1. (C) 1.6 10 C 1

2. (C) 2.5 1

3. (A) zero 1

4. (D) South 1

5. (B) torsional constant of spring 1

6. (C) An accelerating charge 1

7. (C) total internal reflection of light 1

a1   2 
8. (A) 21 2 1

9. (A)  1  2   3 

10. (B)  metal   semiconduc tor   insulator 1

11. infinity 1

12. poles 1

13. paramagnetic 1

14. Four (4) 1

15. not change OR diverging 1

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 1 of 11
16. F 1

17. Decrease 1

18. Both have same capacitance 1

19. Positive 1

20. Frequency 1
SECTION B

X 40
21.  .............(1) 1/2
Y 60

Also, X 50 X 12 .............(2) 1
  
12Y 50 Y 12  Y
12  Y

12 40
From equation (1) & (2) we get   Y  6 & X = 4 
12  Y 60

1
22. (i) Fringe width will decrease.   1
d
(ii) Overlapped coloured fringes will be formed with central bright fringe of white colour 1
because white light has seven colours of different wavelength.

23. Area of circular coil = R2 Area of square coil = a2 = R/2)2 1/2
Magnetic moment of circular coil, Mc= NIR2 1/2
Magnetic moment of square coil, Ms = NIR/2)2 1/2

Mc NIR 2 4
 
M s NI R / 2  
2 1/2

24. Force acting on unit length of conductor is

µ0 I 1I 2
F= 1/2
2r

µ0 I1I 2
DEFINITION OF AMPERE. We know that F =
2r

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 2 of 11

 µ0
If I1 = I2 = 1 A and r = 1 m then F = = 2 × 10–7 Nm –1.
2

1
Thus, one ampere is that current which, if passed in each of two parallel conductor of 1
2
infinite length and one metre apart in vacuum, causes each conductor to experience a force
of 2 × 10–7 newton per metre of length of conductor.

25. Momentum of both fragments will be same in magnitude. 1

h
Since   , thus ratio will be 1 : 1 1
momentum

OR
(i) Threshold frequency of P is greater than 1015 Hz 1
(ii) Threshold frequency of Q is equal to 1015 Hz 1

26.

1 1 1 1 1 1
 lens 1     1.5 1  ............(1) 1/2
f air  R1 R2  20  R1 R2 
1   1 1  1  1.5  1 1 
  lens 1     1  ............(2) 1/2
f water  water  R1 R2  f water  4  R R
 3  1 2 

Dividing equation(1) by (2) we get

f water 1.5 1 0.5  4
   4  f water  80cm 1
20  1.5  0.5
  1
4 
 3 
Apparentchanged focal lengthis 80cm.

OR
magnification, m = 4 & focal length, f = 20 cm

f v 20  v
m 4  v   60 cm 1
f 20
f 20
m 4  u   15 cm 1
f u 20  u

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 3 of 11

27. Thin gold
Lead slit foil

Beam of 1/2
  -particles

ck
Source of

ba

De larg
  -particles

via e a
lle

ted ngl
pe
Re

thr e
ou
gh
Screen
Fig. (ZnS)

Observations:
(i)Most of the -particles passed through the gold foil undeflected. 1/2

(ii)Some of the -particles were deflected through small angles. 1/2

(iii)A few -particles (1 in 9000) were deflected through large angles (may be greater than 90º). 1/2
Some of them even retraced their path i.e. angle of deflection was 180º.
SECTION C
b c
28. According to Cauchy,  = a 2
  ...
 4

where a, b, c are the constants

Since  Red >  Violet  Red < Violet 1
1
2
Since  = ( – 1)A  Red < Violet

Red Violet
t
l igh
ite
Wh R
O
Y
G
B
I
Fig. V

i.e. maximum deviation is of violet colour and minimum is of red colour.

(a) 52o 1/2

(b)
 
i e 1
r1 r2

B C

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 4 of 11

29. The charge distribution is an electric dipole. 1
A, B & C are the points on axial line of dipole & follow the rule that electric field is inversely
proportional to the cube of the distance from the centre of dipole. A`, B` & C` are the points 1
on equatorial line of dipole & follow the rule that electric field is inversely proportional to the cube
of the distance from the centre of dipole, also field at A`, B` & C` is half the field at A, B &
C respectively.
Electrostatic potential at A` is zero 1

D1
30.

RL 1
Output
Input

D2

During the positive half cycle of input diode D1 gets forward biased & D2 gets reversed
biased. Thus D1 will conduct electricity, hence current flow through D1 & we get output across 1
RL. During the negative half cycle of input diode D2 gets forward biased & D1 gets reversed 1
2
biased. Thus D2 will conduct electricity, hence current flow through D2 & we get output across
RL. During both half cycles current through RL is in same direction, thus we get dc output. Since
we get output during both half cycles thus it is known as full wave rectifier.
Frequency of output is 2f. 1/2

31. (a) 1. If the intensity of radiation of a given wavelength is increased, there is increase in the
number of photons but energy of each photon remains the same.
2. In a photon-particle collision, the total energy & momentum are conserved, but the number of 1
1
photons may not be conserved. 2
3. All photons of a radiation of particular frequency have same energy & momentum independent
of the intensity of the radiation.
(b) (i) Stopping potential is the minimum retarding [or negative] potential at which photoelectric 1
current becomes zero.
(ii) The minimum frequency of the incident radiations at which emission of electron takes place 1/2
i s know n as threshold frequency ( 0).

32. A is intrinsic semiconductor. 1/2

1/2
B is p type extrinsic semiconductor.

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 5 of 11

 Conduction
band { Forbidden
Conduction
band {
Acceptor 2
energy gap energy

{ {
level
Valence Valence
band band

Energy level diagram for A Energy level diagram for B

33. (i) EK  h  Wo ............(1)

E `K  1.5h  Wo ............(2) 2
Solving equation (1) & (2) we get
E `K  1.5EK  0.5Wo

(ii) Photo electric current will remain unchanged. 1

34. (i) Capacitance values will be same. 1

(i i ) R X < R Y < R Z 1
Quality factor will be maximum for X. 1/2

Nature of impedance will be resistive at o. 1/2

OR

2
 B 
1 1

U  LI 2   0 n 2 Al    
1 B 2 Al
2
2 2  0 n  2 0
1 B 2 Al
Total energy 2  0 1 B2
Energy density, u    1
Volume Al 2 0

SECTION D
35. (a) Two possible faults are
(1) Cells are connected in wrong polarity. 1/2

(2) Driving cell is of less emf. 1/2

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 6 of 11

 (i) If galvanometer deflection is more at end B then cells are connected in wrong polarity. Current 1/2
in potentiometer wire is due to both cells.
(ii) If galvanometer deflection is less at end B then driving cell is of less emf. Potential across 1/2
potentiometer wire is less.

2V 15
(b)

A O
B
1.2

1.5V

0.3 3
Fig.

Potential difference across the wire AB

2
= (15  10)  10

= 0.8 V
0 .8
Potential gradient = = 0.8 Vm –1
1
= 0.008 V cm –1

1 .5
Potential difference across AO = 0·3 = 0.30
(1·2  0·3)

= 0.3 V
0 .3
Length AO =  100
0 .8

= 37.5 cm
OR

It is based on the principle that if steady current is passed through a wire of uniform area
of cross-section then the potential across certain part of wire is directly proportional to the
2
length of that portion of wire.
Il I
We know that V = IR = . But is a constant  V  l.
A A

Sensitivity of potentiometer depends on length of potentiometer wire & current flowing

through the wire. 1
(i) On increasing R current through the potentiometer wire will decrease hence potential
gradient will decrease & balancing length will increase. 1
(ii) On increasing S there will be no change in the balancing length because no current
flow through S when we reach balancing state. 1

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 7 of 11

36.

1 
2

(a) Let Focal length of biconvex lens be f1 & focal length of other be f2

1 1 1  21  1 R
 1  1    f1 
f1 R R R 21  1 2
1  1 1 R
  2  1    f2 
f2 R   2  1
Let equivalent focal length be f then

1 1 1 21  1  2  1 2 1  2   2  1 2 1   2  1
     
f f1 f 2 R R R R
R
f 
2 1   2  1

(b) For lens to be diverging f < 0

R 2
f  0
2 1   2  1
2 1   2  1  0  2 1   2  1

 2  1
(c) If 1  then lens will be converging.
2

1
1 2

The image formed is real.

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 8 of 11

 OR

n 10 10  6  10 7 1
(i) (a)  n   10   3
 6  10 3 rad
d d 10

D 6  10 7  1 1
(b)    3
 6 10  4 m
d 10

n n 1 65 108
(ii) (a) n  d    12.4 107 rad 1
d n  1
2
6

n 
2n  1
d 
2n  1 3  65  10 8
  18.6  10 7 rad 1
(b)  1
2d 2 n 2 2
6

37. (i) Xis Resistor

Y is Inductor 1
1
2
Z is Capacitor
(a) Let an alternating emf source be connected to the series combination of an inductor
of inductance ‘L’, capacitor of capacitance ‘C’ and resistor of resistance ‘R’ as shown in
figure.

I L C R

VL VC VR

~
E
Let IV be the rms value of alternating current through the circuit. VL, VC and VR be the rms
value of potential across inductor, capacitor and resistor respectively.
VR = IVR, VL = IVXL and VC = IVXC 1
1
2
VR is in phase with IV · VL lead IV by phase /2 and VC lags behind IV by phase of /2.
It is represented in the phasor diagram shown below. EV is the rms value of alternating emf.
Let VL > VC, then the phasor diagram can be simplified as shown below.

VL VL– VC

EV

IV VR
 
VR
VC IV

EV = VR2  (VL  VC ) 2

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 9 of 11

 EV = (I V R) 2  (I V X L  I V X C ) 2

EV = I V R 2  (X L  X C ) 2

EV
IV = R 2  (X L  X C ) 2

EV
But IV =Z

2 2

2 1  2  1 
           Z = R  (X L  X C ) =
2 2 R   L   = R   2f L  
 C   2f C 

From the phasor diagram we see that EV leads IV by phase .

1 1
2f L 
VL  VC I V X L  I V X C X L  X C L  C 2f C
tan  =    
VR IV R R R R

 1   1 
 V  V   X  X   L    2 f L  2 f C 
 = tan 1  L C 1 L C 1 C  tan 1  
  tan    tan  
 VR   R   R   R 
   

vm
(b) Current flowing in the circuit is i  sin t    1
Z
For current to be maximum circuit will be in resonance
 = 0 then  = 0

 1 
 0 L  
 0C
i.e. tan 1  
 R  = 0
 
 

1
0 L 
0 C
=0
R

1
0 L  =0
0 C

1
0 =
LC 1

0 1
f0 = =
2 2 LC

vm
Current amplitude will be im 
R

Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 10 of 11

 OR
Phasor is a diagram that represents alternating current & voltage of the same frequency 1
as rotating vectors alongwith proper phase angle between them.
A.C. THROUGH AN INDUCTOR. Let an alternating emf source be connected across an
inductor of inductance ‘L’ as shown in circuit.
L

Let instantaneous alternating emf be, v = vm sin t ...(1)

Ld I
We know that in case of inductor, v =
dt

vdt
dI=
L
vm sin t
dI = dt
L
Integrating both sides, we get,
3
vm sin ωt
 d I =  L dt
vm  cos t 
I=
L   

vm     
I= sin   t   cos  sin  2   
L 2    

vm  
I= sin  t   [Q – sin  = sin (– )]
L  2

 
I = I 0 sin  t   ...(2)
 2

vm
where I 0 =  L and L = X L

XL is known as Inductive reactance or reactance of inductor. Its S.I. unit is ohm.

From equation (1) and (2) we conclude that in case of a.c. through an inductor voltage leads
current by phase of /2.

E&I

V Ev
I   /2
1
Iv
t

Wave form representation of alternating emf Phasor-diagram

and alternating current in case of inductor
Physics SET 1 Class 12 Page 11 of 11