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  • 5 Exemptions On Gender and Number of Nouns

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    Liza Mae Jaminden
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    This document outlines various rules for determining the gender (masculine or feminine) of Spanish nouns based on their ending. It notes exceptions to general rules such as nouns ending in "o" typically being masculine and nouns ending in "a" typically being feminine. It also discusses changes to nouns for plural forms. The rules cover a wide variety of noun endings from "a" to "z".

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    Gender and number

    Original Title

    5-EXEMPTIONS-ON-GENDER-AND-NUMBER-OF-NOUNS

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    This document outlines various rules for determining the gender (masculine or feminine) of Spanish nouns based on their ending. It notes exceptions to general rules such as nouns ending in "o" typically being masculine and nouns ending in "a" typically being feminine. It also discusses changes to nouns for plural forms. The rules cover a wide variety of noun endings from "a" to "z".

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    21 views2 pages

    5 Exemptions On Gender and Number of Nouns

    Uploaded by

    Liza Mae Jaminden
    This document outlines various rules for determining the gender (masculine or feminine) of Spanish nouns based on their ending. It notes exceptions to general rules such as nouns ending in "o" typically being masculine and nouns ending in "a" typically being feminine. It also discusses changes to nouns for plural forms. The rules cover a wide variety of noun endings from "a" to "z".

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    EXEMPTIONS ON GENDER AND NUMBER OF NOUNS

    A. Nouns ending in “o” are masculine with the exception

    Examples: La mano (hand) la nao (ship, vessel)

    B. Nouns ending in “a” are feminine with the exception

    Examples: El dia (day) el sofa (sofa)


    El Mapa (map) el cometa (comet)

    C. Nouns of Greek origin ending in “ma” are masculine…

    Examples: El problema (the problem) el sistema (the system)


    El programa (the program) el telegrama (the telegram)
    El tema (the theme) el clima (the climate)
    El drama (the drama) el idioma (the idiom)
    El panorama (the panorama) el dilemma (the dilemma)
    El poema (the poem) el diploma (the diploma)
    El dogma (the dogma) el enigma (the enigma)

    D. Nouns ending in “e” are masculine with the exemptions

    Examples: La carne (the meat, flesh) la fiebre (the fever)


    La sangre (the blood) la noche (the night)
    La mente (the mind) la calle (the street)
    La frase (the phrase) la clase (the class)
    La llave (the key) la parte (the part)
    La nube (the cloud) la torre (the tower)
    La muerte (the death) la gente (the people)
    La suerte (the luck)

    E. Nouns ending in “r” are masculine except

    Examples: La flor (the flower) la labor ( the task, labor)


    Le mujer (the woman)

    F. Nouns ending in “n” are masculine except

    Examples: La sien (the temple) la razon (the reason)


    La imagen (the image) la sarten (the frying pan)

    G. Nouns ending in “i” are masculine except

    Example: La metropoli (the city)


    H. Nouns ending in “ion” are feminine except

    Examples: El guion (the hyphen) El sarampion (the measles)


    El camion (the truck) El scorpion (the scorpion)
    El avion (the airplane)

    I. Nouns ending in “z” are feminine except

    Examples: El lapis (the pencil) El tamiz (the strainer)


    El antifaz (the mask) El maiz (the corn)
    El disfraz (the disguise) El arroz (the rice)
    El caliz (the chalice) El barniz (the varnish)

    J. Nouns ending in “d” are feminine except

    Examples: El ataud (the coffin) El laud (the lyre)


    El ardid (the trick) El huesped (the guest)
    El alud (the sandstorm) El cesped (the lawn)

    K. Nouns ending in “l” are masculine except

    Examples: La carcel (the jail) la señal (the signal)


    La miel (the honey) la sal (the salt)
    La piel (the skin) la cal (the lime)
    La capital (the capital)

    L. Nouns beginning with accented “a” or “ha” take the singular “el” when singular,
    and plural article “las” when plural. This is done for the sake of euphony.
    Therefore, these nouns are not exceptions strictly speaking.

    Examples: El alma (the soul) las almas (the souls)


    El agua (the water) las aguas (the waters)
    El ancla (the anchor) las anclas (the anchors)
    El arpa (the harp) las harpas (the harps)
    El alba (the alb) las albas (the albs)

    M. The plural of nouns ending in “z” is formed by chanzing “z” to “c” before adding es.

    Examples: Lapiz (pencil) Lapices (pencils)


    Voz (voice) voces (voices)

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