 1A

2A
3C
4D
5C
6B
7B
8A
9A
10A
11A
12C
13A
14B
15D
16B
17A
18B
19C
20B
21B
22A
23C
24D
25A
26D
27D
28A
29A
30D
31A
32B
33D
34D
35C
36B
37A
38B
39D
40C
41D
42C
43A
44A
45D
46A
47C
48A
 49A
50A

One of the earliest urban civilizations in India and in fact the world was the Indus
Valley Civilisation also called the Harappan culture.
About 5000 years ago a group of nomads traveling from Sumeria the present-day Iran
entered Northwest India near present-day Karachi, these nomads found a land so richly
fertile by the banks of the river Indus that they settled there without hesitation.

Hello everyone my name is Melvin f Pagunsan your precenter for today’s video and I
will be discussing about the cast system and Literature of India and the eight fold paths
of Buddhism

What is caste system? Caste system is one of the hereditary social classes in
Hinduism that restrict the occupation of their members. It is a division of society
based on differences of wealth, inherited rank or privilege, profession,
occupation, or race.

There are four classes of people in Indian society, namely, Brahmans

 ` , Kshatriyas, Vaishya, Shudra, and Dalits

Brahmins: They were considered to be of the highest order in society.

They acted as guardians of the religion. They were highly respected and
usually perform jobs of teachers, priests, and other respectable jobs.
 Kshatriyas: They were assigned jobs of warriors or landlords in society. They
were well-known for their bravery and courage.
 Vaishya: They were people involved in the business. They were merchants,
goldsmiths, small traders, and others. They were suppliers of essential
commodities in society.
 Shudra: They were the people who did menial jobs like laborers, artisans,
craftsmen, and others. They were not allowed any formal education of
Vedas and were last in order.
 Dalits: They were the people engaged in jobs like sweepers, shoemakers,
washers, and others. They were also untouchables and were not even
treated like humans.

Literature
Eight fold paths of buddhism
The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: right view, right resolve, right speech,
right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right samadhi
('meditative absorption or union').

 The most important thing to remember if you wish to follow the eightfold path is to

be ethical in word, deed, and thought. Be a good, kind, positive, and moral person.
Banish negativity and bring focus to all your activities.

The Ramayana and the Mahabharata are two of India s greatest epics that have influenced the Hindu
way of thinking and belief system. The two epics are believed to be partially based on historical
events and are considered to be itihasa in Sanskrit, which means historical texts.

The Mahabharata and the Ramayana Summary

The Mahabharata  and the Ramayana  are India's two great epics.

The Mahabharata  is a massive and sprawling story about the five
heroic and virtuous Panadava brothers and their quest to gain and
hold an empire against their wicked cousins, the Kauravas. The epic
climaxes with a great battle which destroys all the world's armies.
Also, the Hindu god Krishna has a pivotal role in this epic as a guide
to the heroes.

The Ramayana  also revolves around a Hindu god: Rama. In this

epic, Rama is a prince who must go into exile before he can claim
his throne. While in exile, a demon named Ravana kidnaps his wife
Sita. Rama and his brother Lakshman, aided by an army of
monkeys must go and rescue her. They become friends and allies
with a powerful monkey named Hanuman, also a Hindu deity, along
the way.while both epics portray Hindu dharma, or moral
righteousness, many look to Rama in particular as a model of
human morality.

"The Mahabharata's Pandavas. with Krishna, seek to defeat the

Kauravas" and "Rama quests to rescue Sita from Ravana in
the Ramayana" might fit the bill.

1. Right Understanding
2. Right Thought

3. Right Speech
4. Right Action

5. Right Livelihood

6. Right Effort

7. Right Mindfulness

8. Right Concentration.