DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

2.4.6 Example 12 – I-beams connecting to hollow section column with external ring plate
=
FPBW =
FPBW

400 ∅

S355
PPBW
S275 =
UB 533x210x101 PLT 12mm

PPBW
:

S355
CHS 508x12.5

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 1 – Bolt group resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
According to AISC Guide, for flange-plated moment
connections, the shear-plate connection can be
designed for shear only while the rotation is
considered resisted by the flange connections;

Hence, in this case, all shear force is assumed to be

resisted by the bolt groups while the butt weld in the
beam flanges resists the applied moment.
=
FPBW =
FPBW

400 ∅

S355
PPBW
S275 =
UB 533x210x101 PLT 12mm

PPBW
:

S355
CHS 508x12.5

SS EN1993- Bolt resistance:

1-8 Using Gr8.8, M20 bolts with:

= 245 ; = 800 ;

Shear resistance of a single bolt: For class 8.8:

= 0.6
= 1.25 (refer
, =
to NA to SS)

0.6 × 800 × 245

= × 10
1.25

= 94.08

SCI_P358 For two vertical lines of bolts ( = 2): = 100

SN017 1 = .
= + ( − 1)
2 6 (1.2 < <
4 + 40 )
6 1 = .
= (60 ) + (6)(6 − 1)(60 )
2 6 (2.2 < <
14 200 )
= 136800 = .
(1.2 < <
4 + 40 )
= .

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 1 – Bolt group resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
= (2.4 < <
2 14 200 )
100 × 60
=
2 × 136800

= 0.02

= ( − 1)
2
100 × 60
= (6 − 1)
2 × 136800

= 0.11

= 6, = 2, = 6 × 2 = 12

,
=
(1 + ) +( )

12 × 94.08 × 10
=
(1 + 0.02 × 12) + (0.11 × 12)

= 618.96 > = 500 OK!

SCI_P358 Bolt bearing resistance in the fin plate: = 12

SS EN1993- For bearing resistance in vertical direction of one bolt:
1-8 2.8 1.4
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5

2.8 × 50 1.4 × 60
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5
22 22

= 2.12

1
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 3 4 ,

50 60 1 800
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 × 22 3 × 22 4 490

= 0.66

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 1 – Bolt group resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
,
, , =

2.12 × 0.66 × 490 × 20 × 12

= × 10
1.25

= 131.34

For bearing resistance in horizontal direction of one

bolt:
2.8 1.4
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5

2.8 × 50 1.4 × 60
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5
22 22

= 2.12

1
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 3 4 ,

50 60 1 800
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 × 22 3 × 22 4 490

= 0.66

,
, , =

2.12 × 0.66 × 490 × 20 × 12

= × 10
1.25

= 131.34kN

Bolt group bearing resistance:

=
1+
+
, , , ,

12 × 10
=
1 + 0.02 × 12 0.11 × 12
131.34 + 131.34

= 864.11 > = 500 OK!

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 1 – Bolt group resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
SCI_P358 Bolt bearing resistance in secondary beam web: , = 87.4
SS EN1993- Vertical bearing resistance: , = 50.0
1-8 2.8 , 1.4 = 10.8
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5 ,

2.8 × 50 1.4 × 60
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5
22 22

= 2.12

, 1
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 3 4 ,

87.4 60 1 800
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 × 22 3 × 22 4 490

= 0.66

, ,
, , =

2.12 × 0.66 × 490 × 20 × 10.8

= × 10
1.25

= 118.21

Horizontal bearing resistance:

2.8 , 1.4
= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5

2.8 × 87.4 1.4 × 60

= min − 1.7; − 1.7; 2.5
22 22

= 2.12

, 1
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 3 4 ,

50 60 1 800
= min ; − ; ; 1.0
3 × 22 3 × 22 4 490

= 0.66

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 1 – Bolt group resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
, ,
, , =

2.12 × 0.66 × 490 × 20 × 10.8

= × 10
1.25

= 118.21

Bolt group bearing resistance:

=
1+
+
, , , ,

12 × 10
=
1 + 0.02 × 12 0.11 × 12
118.21 + 118.21

= 777.70 > = 500 OK!

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 2 – Fin plate resistance

Ref Calculations Remark

SS EN1993 Fin plate shear gross section resistance: ℎ = 400.0

SCI_P358 ℎ , = 1.0 (SS
, =
1.27 √3 EN1993-1-1)

400 × 12 355
= × × 10
1.27 √3

= 774.65

Fin plate shear net section resistance:

Net area:
= ℎ −

= (400 − 6 × 22) × 12

= 3216

,
, =
√3

3216 × 490
= × 10
√3 × 1.25

= 727.85

Fin plate shear block shear resistance:

Net area subject to tension:
= ( + − 1.5 )

= (60 + 50 − 1.5 × 22) × 12

= 924

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 2 – Fin plate resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
Net area subject to shear:
= ( + ( − 1) − ( − 0.5) )

= (50 + 5 × 60 − 5.5 × 22) × 12

= 2748

0.5 , ,
, = +
√3

0.5 × 490 × 924 355 × 2748

= + × 10
1.25 √3

= 744.33

Shear resistance of fin plate:

= min , , , , ,

= min(774.65,727.85,744.33)

= 727.85 > = 500 OK!

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 3 – Secondary beam web shear resistance

Ref Calculations Remark

SS EN1993 Beam web gross section resistance: = 20

SCI_P358 For UB533x210x101: Weld access hole
Cross-section area, = 12900 size
Flange width, = 210
Flange thickness, = 17.4
Root radius, = 12.7
Shear area:
= −2 −2

= 12900 − 2 × 17.4 × 210 − 2 × 10.8 × 20

= 5160

,
, =
√3

5160 × 355
= × 10
√3

= 1057.59

Beam web net section resistance:

Area of net section:
= − ,

= 5160 − 6 × 22 × 10.8

= 3734.4

, ,
, =
√3

3734.4 × 490
= × 10
√3 × 1.25

= 1056.47

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 3 – Secondary beam web shear resistance

Ref Calculations Remark
Shear resistance of fin plate:
= min , , ,

= min(1057.59,1056.47)

= 1056.47 > = 500 OK!

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 4 – Weld resistance of beam flange

Ref Calculations Remark
FPBW
FPBW

PPBW

PPBW

SS EN1993 Assume the applied moment is taken by the flanges

of the secondary beam, the thicknesses of both
diaphragm ring and secondary beam flange are
same.

The beam flange tensile resistance is

,
, =

17.4 × 210 × 345

= × 10
1.0

= 1260.63

Moment arm:
=ℎ − ,
= 536.7 − 17.4
= 519.3

Tensile force on flange:

=

500
= × 10
519.3

= 962.83 < , = 1260.63

BS 5950-1 Partial penetration butt weld resistance:

6.9.2
The minimum throat size of a longitudinal partial
penetration butt weld should be 2√ (in mm),
where t is the thickness of the thinner part of joint.

SS EN1993- The design resistance of a partial penetration butt

1-1 weld should be determined using the method for a
4.7.2 (1) deep penetration fillet weld.

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 4 – Weld resistance of beam flange

Ref Calculations Remark
In this example, the angle between the transverse
force and weld throat = 90°. Provided the groove
angle is greater than 60° or U-butt is adopted, the
throat thickness is equal to the depth of penetration.

≥ 60°

Choose partial butt weld with 16mm (> 2√17.4 =

8.34 ) throat thickness and grade S355 which
match the beam material properties:

Transverse resistance: : ultimate strength

= 410 for
0.9 S275
, , =
= 470 for
S355
16 : throat thickness
= 0.9 × 470 × × 10 = 1.25
1.25

= 5.41 /

Tensile resistance of the PPBW:

= , ,

= 5.41 × 210

= 1137.02 > = 962.83 OK!

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 5 – External diaphragm ring check

Ref Calculations Remark

CIDECT Basic properties:

design guide Diameter of CHS column: = 508
9 Thickness of CHS column: = 16
Width of diaphragm ring: = 50
Thickness of diaphragm ring: = 18 >
Yield strength of column: = 355

Axial resistance of diaphragm ring:

. . .
= 19.6
2
. . .
508 50 18 508
= 19.6
16 508 16 2

× 355 × 10

= 1643.97 > = 962.83 OK!

Range of validity:

508
14 < = = 31.75 < 36
16

50
0.05 < = = 0.10 < 0.14
508

18
0.75 < = = 1.125 < 2.0
16

Note:
The thickness of the external diaphragm ring may be slightly thicker than the secondary beam
flange, this provides tolerance for positioning the secondary beam.

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Check 6 – Weld group of fin plate (Two-side C shape fillet weld)

Ref Calculations Remark

SS EN1993- Location of center of gravity of welds group: Length of fillet

1-8 weld:
̅= Width:
(2 + )
= 130
130 Depth:
= = 476.5
(2 × 130 + 476.5)
Cope hole size:
= 22.95
= 15

= = −
2
= 130 − 15
476.5 = 115
= = −2
2
= 476.5 − 2 × 15
= 238.25 = 446.5

Unit throat area:

=2 +

= 2 × 115 + 446.5

= 676.5

Moment arm between applied force and weld

center:
= 236.07

Induced moment on welds:

=
2
500
= × 236.07
2

= 59017.5

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Check 6 – Weld group of fin plate (Two-side C shape fillet weld)

Ref Calculations Remark
Polar moment of inertia:
8 +6 +
= −
12 2 +

8 × 115 + 6 × 115 × 446.5 + 446.5

=
12
115
−
2 × 115 + 446.5

= 19636646

Critical point:
Horizontal distance from centroid:
= − ̅
= 130 − 22.95
= 107.05

Vertical distance from centroid:

=
= 238.25

Vertical stress:
= +

500 59017.5 × 107.05

= +
2 × 676.5 19636646

= 0.691 /

Horizontal stress:
=

59017.5 × 238.25
=
19636646

= 0.716 /

Resultant stress:
= +

= 0.691 + 0.716

= 1.00 /

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Check 6 – Weld group of fin plate (Two-side C shape fillet weld)

Ref Calculations Remark
SCI_P363 Choose fillet weld with 8mm leg length, 5.6mm
throat thickness and grade S355 which match beam
steel grade:

Longitudinal resistance:
, , = 1.35 /
Transverse resistance:
, , = 1.65 /

Simplified method:
, , = 1.35 / > = 1.00 / OK

Directional method:

= +
, , , ,

0.691 0.716
= +
1.35 1.65

= 0.45 < 1.0 OK

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 7 – Column capacity

Ref Calculations Remark
=
=

SS EN1994 The reaction force from the beam is transferred to , :Steel section
the composite column via the steel tube. The force axial resistance
acting on the concrete may be assumed to be , = 8770
proportional to the cross section axial resistance:
, , :Axial
, =2 1−
, resistance of
composite column
8770 ,
= 2 × 500(1 − )
14703.66 = 14703.66

= 403.55

The longitudinal shear stress at the surface of the :Perimeter of the

steel section: section
, = ( −2 )
=
= × (508 − 32)
= 1495
403.55 × 10 :Load
= introduction length
1495 × 952
(According to EC4,
= 0.28 the introduction
length should not
For Concrete-filled circular sections, the bond exceed 2d or L/3,
resistance is: where d is the
minimum
= 0.55 > = 0.28 transverse
dimension of the
As the shear capacity between steel and concrete is column and L is the
sufficient, shear stud may not be necessary in this column length)
case Assume:
= 2( − 2 )
= 2(508 − 32)
= 952
SCI_P358 Local shear resistance of column:
Shear area:
=ℎ
= 400 × 16
= 6000

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 DESIGN GUIDE FOR BUILDABLE STEEL CONNECTIONS

Check 7 – Column capacity

Ref Calculations Remark
,
=
√3

6000 × 355
= × 10
√3

= 1229.76 > = 500 OK!

Check 7a (for info) – Shear stud capacity

Ref Calculations Remark
SS EN1994 Note: A conservative assumption is to assume that :diameter of the
the bond is not effective in transferring the beam shank of the stud
force to the concrete. The force acting on the = 19
concrete is designed to be resisted by shear studs. :characteristic
cylinder strength of
Shear capacity of shear stud: the concrete
= 40
For h/d = 5.26 > 4, = 1.0 :ultimate strength
of the stud
0.8 = 450
4 0.29 ( ) ℎ:overall height of
= min ( ; )
the stud
ℎ = 100
π19 :Secant
0.8 × 450 × 4 modulus of the
= min ( × 10 ;
1.25 concrete
= 35000
0.29 × 1.0 × 19 × (40 × 35000) :partial safety
× 10 ) factor =1.25
1.25

= 81.66
R should not be
Total resistance: considered in this
case as it is
= +2 applicable to
concrete encased
∴ number of shear studs required assuming zero section SS EN1994-
bond resistance: 1-1, 6.7.4.2(4)

, 403.55
= = =5
81.66

(∴ use 6 studs)
Note:
The eccentric and out of balance moment onto the column should be considered.

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