ENGINEERING UTILITIES

Kimberly Joy C. Talon February 18, 2022

BSRE 2-1 Prof. Rene Tanasas
CHAPTER 2: Plumbing and Sanitary System

Activity 3:
1. Draw a simple waste water treatment facility and explain how it operates.
1) COLLECTION –The water that goes down our drain and toilets collects in
the sewer where it’s carried to one of our City’s two award-winning
treatment plants.
2) HEAD WORKS – All large objects such as food scraps, flushable wipes,
toys and more are screened out, collected and transported to the landfill.
3) PRIMARY CLARIFIERS – Larger insoluble materials are settled out and
grease separated from the remaining wastewater in our primary clarifying
tanks. Solids settle to the bottom of the tank and greases rise to the top.
4) AERATION BASIN - This basin churns wastewater to increase oxygen
levels and create an ideal environment for the employment of naturally
occurring microorganisms to remove phosphorus and organics in the
effluent.
5) SECONDARY CLARIFIERS - The secondary clarifiers, much like the
primary, are used to separate the treated water from the other materials. In
this instance, the microorganisms settle to the bottom and are recycled back
into the aeration basins or sent to the anaerobic digesters.
6) POLISHING FILTERS - The polishing filters are a final stage of filtration
that push remaining solids back to the head of the process and allow treated
water through.
7) UV / OZONE TREATMENT - Just before the treated water is released back
into our streams, it is purified and disinfected by passing through UV light
or through the diffusion of ozone into the treated water.
8) DIGESTERS - The excess and inactive microorganisms from step 5 are
pumped to the digesters where they are broken down, creating methane for
energy to help power the plant and solids which are further treated to remove
excess water for future reuse.
9) TESTING & DISCHARGE - Testing throughout the process ensures the
water being discharged into our waterways protects our public health and the
environment.
2. Explain the cycle of water.
When the water encounters heat from the sun, it evaporates and moves
towards the atmosphere. The steam that came from the evaporated water
diffuses or travels around then will later turn into clouds once it cools down.
Condensation takes place once the water condensates the clouds and then it
will be blown by the wind. The clouds will continue to travel from one place
to in order to gather as much water as it could. When the clouds have
collected enough water, tiny droplets of water gathers that will form drops of
water which will turn into either rain or snow. Once the rain or snow has
occurred, it will either land on currents of water or it will land on large
bodies of water like oceans and others. After it lands, it will always
evaporate once the water encounters heat from the sun, thus, continuing the
cycle of water.