Name:mohamed ayman mohamed rashad

Sec: 2

Bn:13

Sports Engineering
Sheet(2)

1- c)the spatial integral of the pressure distribution

2- the four important variables:

• Pressure or normal stress
• Shear stress
• Shear strain
• Axial strain

3- resistive

4- The two possible mechanical quantities under measurement are:

• The axial/bending strain on particular beams.
• The Shear strain on Shear panels or diaphragm.

5- c) increase electrical noise immunity

6- The examples are:

• Skis • Paddles
• Tennis rackets
• Bicycle components

7- d) reproducibility of measurements

8- a transformation matrix

9- the form of the equation is :

10- The second channel may present a transverse sensitivity (S21), when load Fz is
applied.

11- The matrix is :

The units for each term are:

• Vch1,Vch2 are measured in mV

• S11, S12, S21, S22 are measured in mV/N

• Fz , Fx are measured in N

12- An octagonal load cell was one of the first solutions to be applied in sports
engineering to measure pedal loads in cycling and ground reaction forces in gait
analysis labs .

13- a) need for applying gauges to the inner part of the ring

14- piezo-capacitive materials

15- b) excellent frequency response

16- b) a special charge amplifier

17- c) how forces are being transmitted between bodies in contact

18- b) the excessive dynamic range of pressure signals encountered in practice

19- The pressure sensors can be described and classified according to their
architecture, their measuring principle and their performance and implementation
characteristics