QUIZ 6 (80/100)

The latitude of a line is its projection onto the reference meridian while the departure of a line is its
projection onto the

• North-south line

• Equatorial axis

• North-east line

• Reference parallel

• Polar axis

The procedure of computing the linear error of closure and applying corrections to the individual latitudes
and departures for the purpose of providing a mathematically closed figure is referred to as
• Triangulation

• Traverse adjustment

• Error distribution

• Side adjustment

• Angle adjustment

The compass rule is a very popular rule for adjusting a closed traverse. It is based on the assumption that
• The angular measurements are more precise than the linear measurements

• The errors in traversing are accidental

• All lengths were measured with equal care and all angles taken with approximately the same
precision

• The linear measurements are more precise than the angular measurements

• The angular and linear errors in traversing are accidental

An important rule in traverse adjustment is stated as follows: “The correction to be applied to the latitude
(or departure) of any course is equal to the total closure in latitude (or departure) multiplied by the ratio of
the length of the course to the total length of the traverse.” This rule is known as the
• Transit rule

• Bowditch rule
 • Crandall rule

• Theory of probability

• Principle of least squares

The method of adjusting a traverse by the transit rule is similar to the method using the compass rule. The
main difference is that with the transit rule the latitude and departure corrections depend on the length of
the latitude and departure of the course, respectively, instead of both depending on the
• Error of closure

• Angular measurements

• Length of the traverse

• Length of the course

• Length of the side of error

The method of least squares is a mathematically exact method. It is the best way of adjusting survey data
particularly very precise measurements. This method is employed to simultaneously adjust the angular
and linear measurements to make the sum of the squares of the residuals a minimum. It is based on the
• Theory of relativity

• Theory of Probability

• Skill and accuracy of observation

• Principle of actuarial mathematics

• Variations and accuracies of adjusted observations and positions

The graphical method is essentially an application of the compass rule. It provides a simple graphical
means of making traverse adjustments. In this method each traverse point is moved in a direction parallel
to the error of closure by an amount proportional to
• The length of each course

• One-half the perimeter of the traverse

• The length of the longest course in the traverse

• The length of the shortest course in the traverse

• The distance along the traverse from the initial point to the given point
A closed traverse proceeds in a counterclockwise direction and the angle to the right at each station were
measured and recorded as follows: A, 160 deg 19’; B, 49 deg 26’; C, 115 deg 18’, D, 127 deg 22’, and E,
88 deg 15’. The error of closure is
• 50 min

• 10 min

• 20 min

• 40 min

• 30 min

In a closed traverse the measured length of line AB is 245.08m. If the bearing of the line is S 40 deg 35’
E, the departure of the line should be
• - 186.13 m

• 159.44 m

• -139.23 m

• -159.44 m

• 186.13 m

The length of the traverse line CD is 316.48 m and the magnetic azimuth from south of the line is 153 deg
54’. The latitude of CD is
• 284.21 m

• -186.13 m

• -139.23 m

• -284.21 m

• 139.23 m

In a given closed traverse the sum of the north latitudes exceeds the sum of the south latitudes by 2.49 m
and the sum of the west departures exceeds the sum of the east departures by 5.66 m. The linear error of
closure is
• 3.30 m
 • 2.85 m

• 5.08 m

• 6.18 m

• 5.57 m

In a given closed traverse the sum of the north latitudes exceeds the sum of the south latitudes by 2.49 m
and the sum of the west departures exceeds the sum of the east departures by 5.66 m. The bearing of
the side of error is
• N 23 deg 44’56’’ E

• S 66 deg 15’14” E

• N 23 deg 44’56” W

• N 66 deg15’14” W

• S 23 deg 44’56” E

Given the following data for latitudes AB (18.01), BC (551.14), CD (-80.81), DE (-190.47), EA (-302.58)
and departures AB (318.76), BC (-15.23), CD (-409.36), DE (-111.82), EA (222.13). If the total length of
the traverse is 1885.00 m, the relative error of closure or precision of the survey is
• 1:275

• 0.004

• 1/2900

• 1/290

• 1:500

Given the following data for lengths AB (197.20m), BC (372.31m), CD (165.03m), DA (242.50m) and
Latitudes AB (-119.09), BC (372.28), CD (-1.16), DA (-242.16) and Departures AB (-157.16), BC (4.54),
CD (164.63), DA (-12.99). By applying the compass rule, the corrections, to be applied respectively to the
latitude and departure of course AB are
• 1.60 m and 0.45 m

• 0.45 m and 1.60 m

 • 1.76 m and 1.50 m

• 1.99 m and 0.20 m

• 0.56 m and 1.39 m

Given the following data for lengths AB (197.20m), BC (372.31m), CD (165.03m), DA (242.50m) and
Latitudes AB (-119.09), BC (372.28), CD (-1.16), DA (-242.16) and Departures AB (-157.16), BC (4.54),
CD (164.63), DA (-12.99). By applying the transit rule, the adjusted latitude and adjusted departure of
course AB, respectively, are
• -120.69 m and 157.36 m

• -117.49 m and -157.61 m

• -120.69 m and -156.71 m

• -117.10 m and -157.36 m

• -121.08 m and -156.96 m

In a closed traverse, the adjusted latitude and adjusted departure of course AB are +266.68 m and
-121.54 m, respectively. The length of AB should be equal to
• 237.97 m

• 293.07 m

• 387.04 m

• 53.68 m

• 305.70 m

In a closed traverse, the adjusted departure and adjusted latitude of course AB are +266.68 m and
-121.54 m, respectively. The adjusted azimuth from south of the course should be
• 155 deg 30’

• 24 deg 30’

• 335 deg 30’

• 65 deg 30’
 • 294 deg 30’

Given in the accompanying data are the adjusted latitudes for AB (305.70), BC (-101.44), CD (-97.65), DA
(-106.61) and adjusted departures for AB (125.50), BC (189.39), CD (-43.08), DA (-271.81) of a closed
traverse. If the X and Y coordinates of corner A are 250.50 and 725.35 meters, respectively, the X and Y
coordinates of corner D are, respectively,
• 357.11 m and 997.16 m

• 831.96 m and 522.31 m

• 522.31 m and 831.96 m

• 464.76 m and 1040.24 m

• 106.61 and 271.81 m

The X and Y coordinates of two corners of a traverse are: A(-123.45 m, 105.70 m) and B(163.08 m,
230.17 m). The length of course AB should be equal to
• 130.63 m

• 256.75 m

• 312.40 m

• 338.20 m

• 306.14 m

The X and Y coordinates of two corners of a traverse are: A(-123.45 m, 105.70 m) and B(163.08 m,
230.17 m). The bearing of course AB is
• N 66 deg 31’ E

• N 23 deg 29’ E

• N 17 deg 40’ E

• S 23 deg 29’ W

• S 66 deg 31’ W
QUIZ 7(65/100)
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length and bearing of course CD are unknown.
For the length, bearing, latitude and departure of course AB (255.75 m, N 04 deg 30’ E, 254.96, 20.07),
BC (410.06 m, N 42 deg 15’ E, 303.53, 275.71), DE (852.65 m, S 30 deg 19’ W, -736.05, -430.40), EA
(230.28 m, N 46 deg 45’ W, 157.78, -167.73). The length of course CD is
• 303 m

• 322.13 m

• 17.95 m

• 301.70

• 16.18 m
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the bearings of side BC and CD are unknown. For
length and bearing of AB (670.32 m, S 35 deg 10’ W), BC (610.68 m, Unknown), CD (515.26 m,
Unknown), DE (448.50 m, N 70 deg 40’ E), EA (668.15 m, N 58 deg 32’ W). The bearing of course CD is
• N 13 deg 30’ E

• S 46 deg 13’ E

• S 42 deg 29’ W

• N 24 deg 45’ E

• S 42 deg 29’ E
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of sides BC and CD are unknown. For
Length and Bearing of AB (795.62 m, S 03 deg 05’ W), BC (Unknown, S 52 deg 50’ W), CD (Unknown, N
12 deg 42’ W), DE (650.25 m, N 40 deg 15’ E), EA (541.55 m, S 85 deg 58’ E). The length of side BC is
• 977.23 m

• 902.13 m

• 853.71 m

• 1058.58 m

• 903.48 m
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of sides BC and CD are unknown. For
Length and Bearing of AB (795.62 m, S 03 deg 05’ W), BC (Unknown, S 52 deg 50’ W), CD (Unknown, N
12 deg 42’ W), DE (650.25 m, N 40 deg 15’ E), EA (541.55 m, S 85 deg 58’ E). If BD is chosen as the
closing line, its length is
• 977.23 m

• 902.13 m

• 853.71 m
 • 24.11 m

• 903.48 m(hula)
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the bearings of side BC and CD are unknown. For
length and bearing of AB (670.32 m, S 35 deg 10’ W), BC (610.68 m, Unknown), CD (515.26 m,
Unknown), DE (448.50 m, N 70 deg 40’ E), EA (668.15 m, N 58 deg 32’ W). In analyzing the triangle
formed by the closing line and the two courses with omitted measurements (triangle BDC), the interior
angles at C and B are, respectively
• 55 deg 59’ and 52 deg 57’

• 71 deg 04’ and 52 deg 57’

• 52 deg 57’ and 71 deg 04’

• 55 deg 59’ and 71 deg 04’

• 71 deg 04’ and 55 deg 59’

Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the bearings of side BC and CD are unknown. For
length and bearing of AB (670.32 m, S 35 deg 10’ W), BC (610.68 m, Unknown), CD (515.26 m,
Unknown), DE (448.50 m, N 70 deg 40’ E), EA (668.15 m, N 58 deg 32’ W). The bearing of course BC is
• N 13 deg 30’ W

• S 46 deg 13’ E

• S 42 deg 29’ W

• N 24 deg 45’ E

• S 42 deg 29’ E
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length and bearing of course CD are unknown.
For the length, bearing, latitude and departure of course AB (255.75 m, N 04 deg 30’ E, 254.96, 20.07),
BC (410.06 m, N 42 deg 15’ E, 303.53, 275.71), DE (852.65 m, S 30 deg 19’ W, -736.05, -430.40), EA
(230.28 m, N 46 deg 45’ W, 157.78, -167.73). The bearing of course CD, rounded to the nearest minute,
is
• N 86 deg 15’ W

• N 03 deg 45’ E

• S 03 deg 45’ E

• N 86 deg 15’ E

• S 86 deg 15’ W
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of BC and the bearing of CD have not
been observed in the field. For the Length and Bearing of AB (852.18 m, S 67 deg 24’ E), BC (Unknown,
S 12 deg 17’ E), CD (1210.50 m, Unknown), DE (661.26 m, N 55 deg 27’ W), EF (492.98 m, N 05 deg 30’
E), FA (845.85 m, N 46 deg 03’ E). The bearing of course CD is
 • S 67 deg 44’ W

• N 53 deg 50’ W

• N 82 deg 05’ W

• S 35 deg 45’ E

• N 79 deg 38’ W
When the length or directions of a line within a closed traverse cannot be determined by field observation,
these missing quantities may be determined analytically to obtain a complete set of notes for the traverse
provided
• There are only three or more unknown quantities

• They do not exceed two unknown quantities

• The sides with unknown quantities are parts of an adjusted open traverse

• The sides with unknown quantities are non-adjoining

• The linear error of closure is less than the square root of the total length of the traverse
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of BC and the bearing of CD have not
been observed in the field. For the Length and Bearing of AB (852.18 m, S 67 deg 24’ E), BC (Unknown,
S 12 deg 17’ E), CD (1210.50 m, Unknown), DE (661.26 m, N 55 deg 27’ W), EF (492.98 m, N 05 deg 30’
E), FA (845.85 m, N 46 deg 03’ E). The bearing of the closing line BD, rounded to the nearest minute is
• N 51 deg 24’ E

• S 38 deg 36’ W

• S 51 deg 24’ E

• N 38 deg 36’ E

• S 51 deg 24’ W
Whether the sides of a closed traverse with unknown quantities are adjoining or non-adjoining, it must be
definite that the algebraic sum of the latitudes and the algebraic sum of the departures must be zero,
• And correspondingly the sum of the residuals must also be a minimum

• And the length of each course is proportional to the total length of the traverse

• Provided the sides are arranged in proper order or sequence

• Regardless of the order in which the sides are placed

• And the area of the transformed figure is proportional to the originally computed area
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of sides BC and CD are unknown. For
Length and Bearing of AB (795.62 m, S 03 deg 05’ W), BC (Unknown, S 52 deg 50’ W), CD (Unknown, N
12 deg 42’ W), DE (650.25 m, N 40 deg 15’ E), EA (541.55 m, S 85 deg 58’ E). The bearing of the closing
line BD, rounded to the nearest minute is,
 • S 89 deg 52’ E

• N 64 deg 32’ W

• N 69 deg 52’ W

• S 70 deg 40’ E

• N 73 deg 09’ W
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of BC and the bearing of CD have not
been observed in the field. For the Length and Bearing of AB (852.18 m, S 67 deg 24’ E), BC (Unknown,
S 12 deg 17’ E), CD (1210.50 m, Unknown), DE (661.26 m, N 55 deg 27’ W), EF (492.98 m, N 05 deg 30’
E), FA (845.85 m, N 46 deg 03’ E). The length of BC, rounded to the nearest tenth of a meter is
• 1275.4 m

• 2350.2 m

• 1374.6 m

• 1895.7 m

• 1678.3 m
Sketch the following data for a closed traverse in which the length and bearing of line DA are unknown.
Length and Bearing of AB (210.50 m, N 20 deg 30’ E), BC (505.38 m, N 83 deg 45’ E), CD (412.55 m, S
18 deg 05’ E). The azimuth from the south of line DA, rounded to the nearest minute is
• 11 deg 15’
• 101 deg 15’
• 168 deg 45’
• 78 deg 45’
• 281 deg 15’

Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the bearings of side BC and CD are unknown. For
length and bearing of AB (670.32 m, S 35 deg 10’ W), BC (610.68 m, Unknown), CD (515.26 m,
Unknown), DE (448.50 m, N 70 deg 40’ E), EA (668.15 m, N 58 deg 32’ W). The bearing of the closing
line BD, rounded to the nearest minute is
• N 84 deg 34’ E

• S 05 deg 26’ W

• N 05 deg 26’ E

• N 74 deg 45’ E

• S 65 deg 50’ W
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of BC and the bearing of CD have not
been observed in the field. For the Length and Bearing of AB (852.18 m, S 67 deg 24’ E), BC (Unknown,
S 12 deg 17’ E), CD (1210.50 m, Unknown), DE (661.26 m, N 55 deg 27’ W), EF (492.98 m, N 05 deg 30’
E), FA (845.85 m, N 46 deg 03’ E). If line BD is chosen as the closing line, its length is equal to
 • 445.98 m

• 1439.89 m

• 1677.75 m

• 2023.62 m

• 1592.05 m
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the bearings of side BC and CD are unknown. For
length and bearing of AB (670.32 m, S 35 deg 10’ W), BC (610.68 m, Unknown), CD (515.26 m,
Unknown), DE (448.50 m, N 70 deg 40’ E), EA (668.15 m, N 58 deg 32’ W). If BD is chosen as the
closing line, its length is
• 482.05 m

• 535.17 m puta sure na to

• 21.96 m

• 583.47 m

• 324.16 m
Sketch the following data for a closed traverse in which the length and bearing of line DA are unknown.
Length and Bearing of AB (210.50 m, N 20 deg 30’ E), BC (505.38 m, N 83 deg 45’ E), CD (412.55 m, S
18 deg 05’ W). The length of DA is
• 954.48 m

• 469.40 m

• 844.14 m

• 658.45 m

• 717.94 m
Given the following data for a closed traverse in which the length of sides BC and CD are unknown. For
Length and Bearing of AB (795.62 m, S 03 deg 05’ W), BC (Unknown, S 52 deg 50’ W), CD (Unknown, N
12 deg 42’ W), DE (650.25 m, N 40 deg 15’ E), EA (541.55 m, S 85 deg 58’ E). The length of side CD is
• 977.23 m

• 902.13 m

• 853.71 m

• 1058.58 m

• 903.48 m
When the two sides of a closed traverse are non-adjoining, the determination of the unknown quantities is
undertaken with an added graphical solution. For example, a line/s may be moved from one location to a
second location parallel with the first. This principle is adapted since the
• Area of the traverse remains constant

• Latitude and departure of any of the lines moved remains unchanged

• Coordinates of all points or corners defining the traverse will correspondingly be adjusted

• Linear error of closure will remain invariable

• Precision in the computations will not be affected

QUIZ 8 (100/100)

Trapezoidal Rule: Given the following measured offsets from the traverse line AB to an irregular boundary
are 5.60m, 6.40m, 7.90m, 6.20m, 7.50m, 9.50m, 12.30m, 10.80m, and 2.70m. Their distances in between
offsets is 6m. The area bounded by the traverse line, the irregular boundary, and the end offsets is
• 413.40 sqm

• 388.50 sqm

• 206.70 sqm

• 64.75 sqm

• 348.76 sqm

The data given is to be used in determining the area of the adjusted traverse ABCDE by the double
parallel distance method. The Adjusted latitude, adjusted departure was given respectively for each
courses AB (187.45, 430.15), BC (-246.04, 210.37), CD (-309.53, -131.67), DE (127, -444.91), EA
(241.12, -63.94). The DPD of course DE is

• -609.24 m

• -426.71 m

• 127 m

• -241.12 m

• 609.24 m

The double meridian distance of the last course of a closed traverse is numerically equal to the
• Latitude of the course itself with its sign reversed

• Departure of the course itself

• Either the latitude or departure of the course, but with the opposite sign

• Departure of the course itself, but with the opposite sign

• Departure of the succeeding course plus the departure of the course itself
The data given is to be used in determining the area of the adjusted traverse FGHIJ by the double parallel
distance method. The Adjusted latitude, adjusted departure was given respectively for each courses FG
(187.45, 430.15), GH (-246.04, 210.37), HI (-309.53, -131.67), IJ (127, -444.91), JF (241.12, -63.94). Total
area of the closed traverse is
• 450,398.9826 sqm

• 168,793.1604 sqm

• 61.9192 Ha

• 22.5199 Ha

• 16.8793 Ha
Simpson’s One Third Rule is based on the assumption that the curved boundary consists of parabolic
arcs, where each arc is continuous over three adjacent offsets that are equally spaced. Because of this
assumption, the rule is only applicable when there is
• An even number of offsets

• Either and odd or an even number of offsets

• An equal number of odd and even offsets

• A predominance of even numbered offsets

• An odd number of offsets

The meridian distance of a line is defined as the

• Longest distance from the center of the line to the reference meridian

• Perpendicular distance from the midpoint of the line to the reference parallel

• Shortest distance from the midpoint of the line to the reference meridian

• Offset distance measured from either the reference meridian or reference parallel

• Mean distance from the center of the line to the reference meridian
Given in the accompanying sketch is a tract of land wherein the lengths of the four sides and two interior
angles are indicated. If the line BD is to divide the tract into two parts, the area of BCD is

• 12.674 Ha

• 127,626.39 sqm

• 28.9261 Ha

• 290,000 sqm

• 374,075.04 sqm

In plane surveying, the area of a tract of land is taken as its projection upon a horizontal plane. However,
areas of much larger tracts of land such as a country or a continent are taken as the
• Projection of the tract upon the earth’s spheroidal surface at mean sea level

• Actual area of the land surface as projected upon the average elevation of the ground
surface
 • Projection of the tract upon an arbitrarily chosen datum

• Area determined by averaging the elevation of critical reference points defining the surface

• Area projected upon a plane parallel to the horizontal

The hectare is the most commonly used unit of area for large tracts of land. It is equal to
• 100 sqm

• 5000 sqm

• 1000 ares

• 10000 sqm

• 1000 sqm
Simpson’s One-Third Rule: Given the following measured offsets from the traverse line AB to an irregular
boundary are 5.60m, 6.40m, 7.90m, 6.20m, 7.50m, 9.50m, 12.30m, 10.80m, and 2.70m. Their distances
in between offsets is 6m. The area bounded by the traverse line, the irregular boundary, and the end
offsets is
• 195.30 sqm

• 390.60 sqm

• 388.50 sqm

• 585.90 sqm

• 1170 sqm
The planimeter is a mechanical device used for determining the area of any shape of figure plotted to a
known scale. Its design is based on the principle that the amount of the roller turns is a measure of the
area

• Included within the perimeter traced

• Excluded from the perimeter of the traced figure

• Of the figure divided by two

• Included within the traced figure after it is multiplied by a predetermined factor of the
planimeter

• Of the traced figure multiplied by two

The following data is to be used in determining the area of traverse ABCDE by the DMD method. The
Adjusted latitude, adjusted departure was given respectively for each courses, AB (-558.25, 78.34), BC
(-102.58, -746.38), CD (285.33, -319.24), DE (352.05, 395.68), EA (23.45, 591.60). The total area of the
traverse, employing the DMD method, is
 • 102.5272 Ha

• 114.6255 Ha

• 512,366.30 sqm

• 114.6255 Ha

• 51.2636 Ha

The following data is to be used in determining the area of traverse FGHIJ by the DMD method. The
Adjusted latitude, adjusted departure was given respectively for each courses, FG (-558.25, 78.34), GH
(-102.58, -746.38), HI (285.33, -319.24), IJ (352.05, 395.68), JF (23.45, 591.60). The double meridian
distance of course HI is

• -609.24 m

• -1655.32 m

• -375.50 m

• 23.45 m

• 1578.88 m

The assumption made in using the Trapezoidal rule is that the ends of the offsets in the boundary line are
assumed to be connected by
• Curved lines which forms a series of triangles

• Straight lines forming a series of trapezoids

• Parabolic lines forming a series of trapezoids and triangles

• Concave or convex lines forming a series of regular geometric figures

 • Broken lines which forms a series of triangles, trapezoids, and rectangles

Given in the accompanying sketch is a tract of land wherein the lengths of the four sides and two interior
angles are indicated. If the line BD is to divide the tract into two parts, the area of ABD is

• 290,000 sqm

• 12.674 Ha

• 374,075.04 sqm

• 28.9261 Ha

• 127,626.39 sqm
QUIZ 9 ( 85/100) Hindi pinapakita mali Nasa heading 2 mga wala sa docs (check outline)

The most common case/s encountered in the subdivision of land is

• Dividing an area into two parts by a line between two points

• Dividing an area by a line running through a point and a given direction

• To cut off a required area by a line through a given point

• To cut off a required area by a line running in a given direction

• All of the above

A surveyor was tasked to cut off a required area by a line through a given point. In the process of
determining some required quantities there was a need to evaluate the resulting triangle BDP as shown in
the accompanying sketch. If the area of BDP is 630, 905.65 sqm, the bearing of the line BP is

• S 68 deg 58’ E

• S 49 deg 10’ E

• N 77 deg 19’ W

• N 58 deg 15’ W

• S 77 deg 19’ E
Given in the accompanying data, the adjusted latitude and adjusted departures, respectively, for AB
(408.25, 238.36), BC (-163.40, 313.67), CD (165.08, 585.18), DE (-361.72, 120.02), EF (-221.61,
-350.43), FA (173.40, -906.80). If the dividing line is FC. The area east of the dividing line (parcel CDEF)
is

• 24.2378 Ha

• 45.6672 Ha

• 47.0714 Ha

• 22.8336 Ha — TRY

• 48.4756 Ha
A surveyor was tasked to cut off a required area by a line through a given point. In the process of
determining some required quantities there was a need to evaluate the resulting triangle BDP as shown in
the accompanying sketch. If the area of BDP is 630, 905.65 sqm, the interior angle at B is

• 54 deg 19’

• 46 deg 50’

• 31 deg 34’
 • 56 deg 19’

• 95 deg 08’

When dividing an area into two parts it is always important that the calculated length and direction of the
dividing line must be

• If acceptable precision

• Compared with the actual measured values

• Checked by noting the magnetic declination

• Longer than any of the courses and of known magnetic bearing

• Compatible with the other known or measured data — try

The irregular parcel of land shown in the accompanying sketch is to be subdivided into 3 parts by cut off
lines extending from B to G and from C to F. By considering lot 1, (tract ABGH) as a closed traverse the
length and direction of the dividing line BG can be determined since this is

• Easily determined by computing the coordinates of each corner of the traverse

 • The same as that of computing the “length and direction of the side of error in any closed
traverse.”

• A simple problem of omitted measurements involving two adjoining sides

• A common type of omitted measurement involving two non-adjoining sides

• Computed by the least square method

The irregular parcel of land shown in the accompanying sketch is to be subdivided into 3 parts by cut off
lines extending from B to G and from C to F. The length of the dividing line CF can also be determined by
using two simultaneous equations containing two unknowns, wherein the sums of the

• North latitudes and the south latitudes are set respectively to zero

• Departures are set equal to the sums of the latitudes

• North latitudes are set equal to the sum of the south latitudes, and the sum of the west
departures are also set equal to the sum of the west departures — try
 • East departures and the west departures are set respectively to zero

• Latitudes and the departures are set respectively to zero

In the process of dividing a tract of land by a line running in a given direction, the surveyor needed to
analyze and evaluate the resulting triangle as shown in the accompanying sketch. The length of the
dividing line AP is

• 664.66 m

• 4299.81 m

• 1670.84 m

• 1808.45 m

• 1580.32 m
A surveyor was tasked to cut off a required area by a line through a given point. In the process of
determining some required quantities there was a need to evaluate the resulting triangle BDP as shown in
the accompanying sketch. If the area of BDP is 630, 905.65 sqm, the length of dividing line BP is

• 1868.75 m

• 1427.64 m

• 1740.19 m

• 2563.27 m

• 1698.00 m — try

A surveyor was tasked to cut off a required area by a line through a given point. In the process of
determining some required quantities there was a need to evaluate the resulting triangle BDP as shown in
the accompanying sketch. If the area of BDP is 630, 905.65 sqm, the length of line DP is
 • 865.19 m

• 980.50 m

• 889.25 m

• 934.02 m

• 742.66 m

A surveyor was tasked to cut off a required area by a line through a given point. In the process of
determining some required quantities there was a need to evaluate the resulting triangle BDP as shown in
the accompanying sketch. If the area of BDP is 630, 905.65 sqm, the interior angle at P is
 • 56 deg 41’

• 59 deg 56’

• 57 deg 37’

• 64 deg 05’

• 45 deg 18’

If a large tract of land is to be subdivided into two parts, the area of each tract must be calculated
independently based on the given and calculated latitudes and departures of their respective courses. As
a check, the sum of the areas of the two tracts should

• Equal the area of the entire parcel of land

• Be inversely proportional to the area of the larger part

• Have a minimum residual value

• Be inversely proportional to the area of the smaller part

• Be proportional to the difference between the areas of the two parts

In the process of dividing a tract of land by a line running in a given direction, the surveyor needed to
analyze and evaluate the resulting triangle as shown in the accompanying sketch. The distance of point P
from station E (or length of PC) is
 • 1670.84 m

• 4299.81 m

• 1580.32 m

• 664.66 m

• 1808.45 m

Given in the accompanying data, the adjusted latitude and adjusted departures, respectively, for AB
(408.25, 238.36), BC (-163.40, 313.67), CD (165.08, 585.18), DE (-361.72, 120.02), EF (-221.61,
-350.43), FA (173.40, -906.80). The length of a line running from station F to station C which will divide
the tract into two parts is

• 418.25 m

• 354.77 m

• 548.45 m

• 278.03 m

• 467.48 m
Given in the accompanying data, the adjusted latitude and adjusted departures, respectively, for AB
(408.25, 238.36), BC (-163.40, 313.67), CD (165.08, 585.18), DE (-361.72, 120.02), EF (-221.61,
-350.43), FA (173.40, -906.80). If the dividing line is FC. The area west of the dividing line (parcel ABCF)
is
 • 24.2378 Ha

• 45.6672 Ha

• 47.0714 Ha

• 22.8336 Ha

• 48.4756 Ha
The irregular parcel of land shown in the accompanying sketch is to be subdivided into 3 parts by cut off
lines extending from B to G and from C to F. After the algebraic sum of the latitudes (CL) and the
algebraic sum of the departure (CD) have been determined, the bearing of the dividing line BG can be
determined by the equation.

• Tan (theta) = -CD/-CL

• Sec (theta) = CL/CD

 • Sin (theta) = CD/CL

• Cot (theta) = CD/CL

• Cos (theta) = CL/CD

In the process of dividing a tract of land by a line running in a given direction, the surveyor needed to
analyze and evaluate the resulting triangle as shown in the accompanying sketch. The interior angles at P
and C, respectively, are

• 87 deg 47’ and 69 deg 05’

• 87 deg 47’ and 23 deg 08’

• 69 deg 05’ and 23 deg 08’

• 80 deg 37’ and 76 deg 15’

• 23 deg 08’ and 69 deg 05’

For any of the cases encountered in the partition or subdivision of land, a resurvey is run, the latitudes
and departures are determined, the surveyed traverse is balanced, and the area of the entire tract is
computed. Also, when computing the desired subdivision scheme

• Coordinates of all corners must be known

• All lengths must be measured and recorded to the nearest decimeter

 • Only the adjusted latitudes and departures are used

• The relative precision must be at least 1/500

• All observe angles must be in grads

Given in the accompanying data, the adjusted latitude and adjusted departures, respectively, for AB
(408.25, 238.36), BC (-163.40, 313.67), CD (165.08, 585.18), DE (-361.72, 120.02), EF (-221.61,
-350.43), FA (173.40, -906.80). The bearing of the dividing line FC is

• N 49 deg 41’ 40.4” W

• S 40 deg 18’ 19.5” E

• N 43 deg 22’ 13.6” W

• N 40 deg 18’ 19.5” W

• S 49 deg 41’ 40.4” E

The irregular parcel of land shown in the accompanying sketch is to be subdivided into 3 parts by cut off
lines extending from B to G and from C to F. The area of the whole parcel of land or any of its subdivided
areas may then be determined by any of the conventional methods used in determining areas. A check is
made by noting that the
• Difference between the areas of tracts 2 and 3

• Sum of the lengths of the two dividing lines is equal to one-half the total length of the
traverse

• Area of tract 3 is equal to one-half the sum of the areas of tracts 1 and 2.

• Direction of line BF is parallel to line CF

• Sum of the areas of the 3 lots, each calculated independently, is equal to the
calculated area of the entire parcel of land — try