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    HO NHAT MINH
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    This document discusses number theory and primes. It defines primes as numbers with exactly two factors: 1 and the number itself. Examples of primes include 2, 3, 5, 7, etc. It notes that 1 is not a prime and 2 is the only even prime. To check if a number is prime, all primes less than or equal to the square root of the number must be checked. Prime factorization expresses each number as a product of primes, such as 21 being 3 × 7 and 60 being 22 × 3 × 5.

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    This document discusses number theory and primes. It defines primes as numbers with exactly two factors: 1 and the number itself. Examples of primes include 2, 3, 5, 7, etc. It notes that 1 is not a prime and 2 is the only even prime. To check if a number is prime, all primes less than or equal to the square root of the number must be checked. Prime factorization expresses each number as a product of primes, such as 21 being 3 × 7 and 60 being 22 × 3 × 5.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    4 views1 page

    Concepts 27

    Uploaded by

    HO NHAT MINH
    This document discusses number theory and primes. It defines primes as numbers with exactly two factors: 1 and the number itself. Examples of primes include 2, 3, 5, 7, etc. It notes that 1 is not a prime and 2 is the only even prime. To check if a number is prime, all primes less than or equal to the square root of the number must be checked. Prime factorization expresses each number as a product of primes, such as 21 being 3 × 7 and 60 being 22 × 3 × 5.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    Chapter 2

    Number Theory

    2.1 Primes

    Definition 2.1.1 (Primes). Primes are numbers that have exactly two factors: 1 and the
    number itself. Ex. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc. are all primes

    Note: 1 is not a prime and 2 is the only even prime.

    Remark 2.1.2
    In order to check whether a number n is prime, we need to check all the primes that are
    less than or equal to √
    n

    Concept 2.1.3 (Prime Factorization)


    Prime factorization is a way to express each number as a product of primes.

    Examples:

    The prime factorization of 21 is 3 × 7

    The prime factorization of 60 is 22 × 3 × 5

    35

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