ncsan

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA
BHILWARA

PROJECT REPORT IN
PHYSICS

SUBMITTED BY:-
GUIDED BY:
Harshita Chauhan
Mr. Brijesh Bagherwal
Roll No.-
Session:-2019-2020
 Linc

Acknowledgement
Tam Harshita Chauhan student of class XIl
science(2019-2020) owe my deep
gratitude to people who have helped me
to get this project completed.Iwish to
make a special mention to some of them
Firstly I express my deep gratitude and
respect to our principal sir Shri R.S.
Dhankaria for his co-operation
throughout the project.
l am very thankful to our subject teacher
Mr. Brijesh Bagherwal, our laboratory
assistant Shri Mahavir Chandra and all
my friends for their encouraging
proficient counselling ,timely
suggestions, constructive criticism
throughout the texture of project.
 CERTIFICATE
This to certify that Harshita Chauhan, a stundent of
class XII Science stream ,(2019-2020) has
satisfactorily carried on her project work for physics
practical examination .The work of
Half Wave Rectifier was performed and done by the
candidate herself
under supervision of chemistry department. Her
interest ,sincere efforts and constant persuasion
during the project could get this project completed.

Internal Examiner

External Examiner Principal

 CONTENT

SR. NO. TOPIC PAGE NO.

INTRODUCTION 1
2 PRINCIPLE 3
3 CONSTRUCTION 4
4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 5
5. APPLICATIONS 6
6.
|WORKING 8
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY 10
 INTRODUCTION
A rectifier a simple diode or group of diodes which
converts the Alternating Current ( AC ) into Direct
Current ( DC)

We know that a diode allows etéctric current in one

direction and blocks electric current in another
direction . Weare using this principle to construct
various types ofrectifiers.

Rectifier are classified into different types based on

the number of diodes used in the circuit or
arrangement of diodes in the circuit. The basic types
of rectifiers are : half wave rectifier and full wave
rectifier.
A half wave rectifier is a type of rectifier which
converts the positive half cycle (positive current) of
the input signal into pulsating DC (Direct Current)
output signal. The half wave rectifier is the simplest
form of the rectifier. We use only a single diode to
construct the half wave rectifier.

The half wave rectifier is made up of an AC source,

transformer (step -down), diode, and resistor (load).
The diode is placed between the transformer and
resistor (load).

Input VMAX Recitified output

wavefom IF waveform

A diode
AA No
negative
half cycle
 Principle of Half Wave Rectifier
The half-wave rectifier circuit is a diode.
And, a diode
works and allows current in only one direction and
blocks it in another one. So, the basic
principle on
which rectifier works and are constructed is the
working of a diode only.

If a circuit, contains a group of diodes then the proper

arrangement of all the iodes is a must. The simplest
known form of the rectifier is the half-wave rectifier.
Half wave rectifier wave form

INPUT
vOLTAGE

TIME

oUTPUT
vOLTAGE

TIME

3
CONSTRUCTION
Take 4 rectifier diodes Pick two diodes, make
.
a
cross of their two ends marked with the white
bands, twist them together tightly , solder the
joints and cut off the protruding ends.

Just as above do it for the remaining two diodes,

this time with their ends having no bands.

Now you have two sets of diode assemblies,

simply twist and solder their free ends.

The ends with the bands is the

positive, the ends
without the bands is the negative and the other
two common ends are for the AC
input supply.

4
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

O-

Vs VL RL
APPLICATIONS
A half wave rectifier is mostly used as an detector in
an AM radio. A Half Wave Rectifier is used in
pulse
generator circuits,firing circuits. Half Wave rectifiers
are used in
Signal demodulation: Half wave rectifier
are used in voltage doubler circuits.

What is Ripple Factor?

The rectifier output mainly includes the AC
component
as well as the DC
component. The ripple can be
defined as the AC component within the resolved
output. The A.C component within the output is
unwanted as well as estimats the pulsations within
the output of the rectifier Here the
ripple voltage is
nothing but the AC component within o/p of the
rectifier.
Advantages of Half wave Rectifier

.Cheap
Simple
Easy to use

Low number of components

Disadvantages of Half wave Rectifier

More amount of ripple content

Transformer utilization factor is very low

Rectification efficiencyis low

Generates harmonics
Working of the Half Wave Rectifier
The working of the half-wave rectifier is completed in
two cycles that are half-wave positive and negative
cycles.

.The diode is under the forward bias condition

during the positive half cycle. And, the current is
conducted to the load resistance.

So, the voltage is established across the diode.

And, the diode is under thé reverse bias condition

during the negative half cycle. And, so there is no
movement in the circuit and current flow
equals
to zero.

So, only the voltage which was established in the

diode is there; which is the net result of the
positive half cycle of the circuit.

And, the generated output voltage is responsible for

pulsing the Dc voltage from the half-wave rectifier
circuit.

8
Wave Forms Of Half Wave
Rectifier

311/2 5m2

wt
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. http://www.ichse.com
2. http://www.legrnext.next
3. http://en.wikipedia.org