ACAO, NATASHA NICOLE C.

OCTOBER 15, 2021

CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS

1. NITROMETHANE FUEL
is one of a group of explosive chemicals containing nitrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen is an
organic molecule having the chemical formula CH₃NO₂ and is commonly shortened to just
"nitro." It's the most basic organic nitrogen compound. It's a polar liquid that's often utilized
as a solvent in industrial applications like extractions, reaction mediums, and cleaning
solvents. Because nitromethane contains its own oxygen, it requires far less oxygen from the
atmosphere to burn. For gasoline, the theoretical ideal or stoichiometric air/fuel ratio is
14.7:1. To burn one pound of gas, 14.7 pounds of air are required. The stoichiometric ratio
of methanol, which also contains oxygen, is 6.45:1.
Formula: CH3NO2
Molar mass: 61.04 g/mol
IUPAC ID: nitromethane
Boiling point: 100 °C
Density: 1.14 g/cm³
Classification: nitro, organic compound, acid

2. METHANOL
Methanol, commonly known as methyl alcohol or methyl hydrate, is a chemical that has the
formula CH₃OH and is the simplest alcohol. It's a flammable, light, volatile, colorless liquid
with a pronounced alcoholic odor similar to ethanol. It is mostly used to create fuel, solvents
and antifreeze.
Formula: CH3OH
Molar mass: 32.04 g/mol
Boiling point: 64.7 °C
Density: 792 kg/m³
Melting point: -97.6 °C
Classification: Alcohol
3. ETHANOL
Ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, ethyl alcohol, or grain alcohol, is a colorless,
transparent liquid that is used to make alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, and brandy.
Ethanol is used in a variety of items, from personal care and cosmetic products to paints and
varnishes to gasoline, because it dissolves easily in water and other organic molecules.
Because ethanol is extremely flammable, it should never be used near open flames.
According to the CDC, inhaling ethanol can cause coughing and headaches. Ethanol has been
designated as a Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) substance by the FDA, which indicates
that it has been confirmed to be safe for use in food products by a panel of certified experts.
Formula: C2H5OH
IUPAC ID: ethanol
Molar mass: 46.07 g/mol
Boiling point: 78.37 °C
Density: 789 kg/m³
Melting point: -114.1 °C
Classification: Alcohol

4. KEROSENE
Kerosene, often written kerosine, is a flammable hydrocarbon liquid that is extensively used
as a fuel. It is also known as paraffin or paraffin oil. Kerosene is often pale yellow or colorless
in appearance, with a pleasant odor. It's made from petroleum and is used in kerosene lamps,
home heaters, and furnaces, as well as a fuel or fuel component for jet engines and as a grease
and insecticide solvent. Kerosene was a major refinery product for several decades due to its
use in lamps, until the electric bulb reduced its value for lighting. With the emergence of the
automobile, gasoline became a major petroleum product, and production fell even lower.
Kerosene is still a common heating and cooking fuel, as well as a lamp fuel, in many regions
of the world. Many military jet fuel blends are based on kerosene, while standard commercial
jet fuel is essentially a high-quality straight-run kerosene. Petroleum, discovered by Drake
in 1859, immediately became the primary source of kerosene.
Formula: C12H26−C15H32
Molar Weight: about 170 g/mol
CAS: 8008-20-6
Density: 1.2-1.3 kg/m3
Boiling Point: 200-300 oC
Classification: Class 3 flammable liquid

References
Davis, M. (2013, March 27). What Is Nitromethane, Anyway? - Hot Rod Magazine. MotorTrend.
https://www.motortrend.com/how-to/hrdp-1304-what-is-nitromethane-anyway/.
National Center for Biotechnology Information (2021). PubChem Compound Summary for
CID 887, Methanol. Retrieved October 15, 2021 from
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Methanol.
Ethanol Uses, Benefits, And Chemical Safety Facts. (2014, July 28). ChemicalSafetyFacts.org.
https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ethanol/.
Gregersen, E. (2020, August 18). Kerosene | Definition, Uses, & Facts. Encyclopedia
Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/kerosene.