CLASSES AND USES OF

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS:
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
MICHELE V. MARZAN
SCIENCE 9/MODULE 7/ LPNHSA
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 CLASSES AND USES OF
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS:
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
MICHELE V. MARZAN
SCIENCE 9/MODULE 7/ LPNHSA
 What you need to know
◦ Recognize the general classes and uses of organic
compounds
◦ Specifically:
1. to describe the chemical formula of some organic
compounds
2. appreciate the common examples of some organic
compounds and their uses in our daily lives
3. to model the structural formula of some organic
compounds.
ARRANGE ME
OCHYBRRAOND
Specific group of organic
compounds which contain carbon
and
hydrogen only.
hydrocarbon
 ANTEEMH
◦CH4 is the molecular formula
of this organic compound.
methane
 CALMECHI
ALUMORF
◦It is used to express
the number of
atoms.
Chemical Formula
SEENKLA
◦Hydrocarbon that
has double bond
between carbon
atoms.
Alkenes
 ETTOC
RLUE
◦It states that the atom either
loses or gains electrons to
achieve
the eight electrons in
the outermost orbital.
Octet
Rule
 ◦HYDROCARBONS are organic
compounds that consists only of two
elements, _______and _______. There are
three classes which depends on the its
carbon bonds: ___________,
___________
◦and ___________.
 ◦HYDROCARBONS are organic
compounds that consists only of two
elements, HYDROGEN and CARBON.
There are three classes which depends on
the its carbon bonds: ALKANES,
ALKENES
◦and ALKYNES
 How will you
describe the
alkanes, alkenes
and alkynes?
WORDSTORM
Procedure: Find the following words in the
puzzle either vertical, horizontal or diagonal.
Methanol Alcohol
Ethanal Ketone
Aldehyde Acetone
Vinegar Formalin
◦The identity of organic
compounds is determined by the
functional
groups.
The functional group is a
group of atoms present
in a given organic
compound.
◦It helps distinguish and
characterize the organic
compound. It also
helps classify the
◦compound.
Ex of Organic Substances
 DON’T PANIC
IT’S ORGANIC!!!
Identify the three samples of organic
substances inside the test tubes.
 ALCOHOLS

Alcohols are hydroxyl groups (–

OH)
Formula = RC-OH
All the names end in –ol
Alcohols R—O—H

Methanol

Ethanol
Propanol
 Uses of Methanol (Methyl alcohol)
It is the simplest alcohol. It is a volatile,
colorless, and flammable liquid with an odor
similar to that of ethanol. It is toxic and might
cause blindness. It is a component in fuel for
engines.
CH3OH
 Uses
- alternative fuel in the marine industry
- used as a denaturant
- as a solvent and as an antifreeze in pipelines
and windshield washer fluids
 Uses of Ethanol
(Ethyl alcohol or grade alcohol)
Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol is prominently known
for its use as a recreational beverage (found in alcoholic
beverages), it’s
flammable, colorless, slightly toxic chemical compound.

CH3—CH2—OH
 Uses
- manufacturing of sanitizers and
disinfectants
- an excellent fuel additive.
 Propanol (rubbing alcohol)
CH3—CH2—CH2—OH
Isopropyl alcohol, also known as isopropanol
or propan-2-ol (IUPAC name), is a colorless
and flammable secondary alcohol with a very
strong odor.
 Uses:
- antibacterial and antifungal properties
- manufacturing of hand sanitizers and wet wipes
- cleaning agent for glasses and electronic components such
as CDs, DVDs, and contact pins in ROM cartridges.
- paint thinner in flexography, lithography, and as an
equipment cleaner in other printing processes.
 Carboxylic acids
Carboxylic acids are _____ groups, sometimes
abbreviated as COOH
The names all end in –oic acid
Examples:
Ethanoic acid CH3 – C-OH
Propanoic Acid CH3-CH2-C-OH
Carboxylic Acid R-COOH

Methanoic Acid

Ethanoic Acid
Propanoic Acid
 Uses of Methanoic
◦Formic acid
◦Found in the sting
of ants
 Uses of Ethanoic
◦ principal acid in vinegar,
in making sauce, food
enhancers/flavoring
 Ketones
◦ Ketones are _____ groups

◦ The names all end in –one

◦ Propanone (Acetone) CH3-C-CH3
 Uses of acetone
◦Solvents in industries manufacturing explosives,
laquers, paints and textiles
◦For coating of products, adhesives, ink
applications
◦Acetone is used as a nail paint remover and a
thinner
Key concepts
◦TThe carbon atom has unique properties
that contribute to the formation of
numerous organic compounds
◦The identity of organic compounds is
determined by the functional groups.
 DIY
DO IT YOURSELF
Direction:
Create your own model of the
structural formulas assigned to
you .
The Malampaya Gas Field in Palawan