Section 2 NTH Roots and Real Exponents

0-4 nth Roots and Real Exponents
Evaluate.
1.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
−13
2.
SOLUTION:
Because there is no real number that can be squared to produce –100, is not a real number.
ANSWER:
not a real number
3.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
4.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
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ANSWER:
4.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
5.
SOLUTION:
Because there is no real number that can be raised to the fourth power to produce –81, is not a real number.
ANSWER:
not a real number
6.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
5
7.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
3
8.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
−4
0-4 ANSWER:
nth Roots and Real Exponents
3
8.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
−4
Simplify.
9.
SOLUTION:
Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.
ANSWER:
10.
SOLUTION:
Because you are taking an even root of an even power and the result is an odd power, you must use the absolute
5
value of a .
ANSWER:
5
2|a |
11.
SOLUTION:
You are taking an even root of an even power, but the result is an even power, so you do not need to use the
2
absolute value of y .
ANSWER:
12.
SOLUTION:
2
ANSWER:
12.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
13.
SOLUTION:
While you are taking an even root of an even power, the result is an even power, so you do not need to use the
2
ANSWER:
14.
SOLUTION:
7
value of (z – 2) .
ANSWER:
15.
SOLUTION:
3
value of a .
ANSWER:
7
value of (z – 2) .
ANSWER:
15.
SOLUTION:
3
value of a .
ANSWER:
16.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
Simplify.
17.
SOLUTION:
Because you are taking an even root of an odd power, it is not necessary to use absolute value. Therefore,
simplifies to or .

ANSWER:
ANSWER:
Simplify.
17.
SOLUTION:
Because you are taking an even root of an odd power, it is not necessary to use absolute value. Therefore,
simplifies to or .
ANSWER:
or
18.
SOLUTION:

ANSWER:
or
19.
SOLUTION:

ANSWER:
or
19.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
20.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
21.
SOLUTION:

ANSWER:
21.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
22.
SOLUTION:

22.
SOLUTION:
We can further simplify this expression by rationalizing the denominator using rational exponents.

ANSWER:
23. BOATING The motion comfort ratio M of a boat is given by M = , where D is the water
displacement of the boat in pounds, B is the boat’s beam or width in feet, W is the boat’s length in feet at the
waterline, and A is the boat’s overall length in feet. The higher the ratio, the greater the level of comfort experienced
ANSWER:
23. BOATING The motion comfort ratio M of a boat is given by M = , where D is the water
displacement of the boat in pounds, B is the boat’s beam or width in feet, W is the boat’s length in feet at the
waterline, and A is the boat’s overall length in feet. The higher the ratio, the greater the level of comfort experienced
by those on board as the boat encounters waves.
a. Find the motion comfort ratio of the boat shown below.
b. Find the beam of a boat to the nearest foot with a comfort ratio of 27 that displaces 15,000 pounds of water, has a
waterline length of 30.4 feet, and an overall length of 32.3 feet.
SOLUTION:
a. From the information given, we know that D = 13,800, B = 10, W = 26.2, and A = 28.1. Use a calculator to
evaluate the given formula relating these variables to find M , the motion comfort ratio of the boat.

b. From the information give, we know that M = 27, D = 15,000, W = 30.4, and A = 32.3. Use a calculator to solve
the given formula for B, the beam of the boat.

Move everything attached to the B from the right side of the equation to the left side. Do this by multiplying
everything in the denominator and dividing everything in the denominator.


0-4 Move everything attached to the B from the right side of the equation to the left side. Do this by multiplying
everything in the denominator and dividing everything in the denominator.

The beam of a boat is about 12.0 ft.

ANSWER:
a. 36.8
b. 12.0 ft
24. CARS The value of a car depreciates or declines over the course of its useful life. The new value V and the original
n
value v of a car are related by the formula V = v(1 – r) , where r is the rate of depreciation per year and n is the
number of years. Suppose the current value of a used car is $12,000. What would be the value of the car after 18
months at an annual depreciation rate of 20%?
SOLUTION:
From the information given, we know that v = 12,000 and r = 0.2. The time is given in months but the depreciation
formula requires that the time be in years. Since 18 months is equivalent to 1.5 years, n = 1.5. Evaluate the given
equation to find the value of the car V.

The value of the car would be $8586.50.
ANSWER:
$8,586.50
Evaluate.
25.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
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26.

The value of the car would be $8586.50.
0-4 ANSWER:
$8,586.50
Evaluate.
25.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
6
26.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
8
27.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
28.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
29. MUSIC
eSolutions ManualThe note progression
- Powered by Cogneroof the twelve tone scale is comprised of a series of half tones. In order for an Page 12
instrument to be “in tune,” the frequency of each note has an optimum ratio with the frequency of middle C, called
the perfect 1st.
ANSWER:
29. MUSIC The note progression of the twelve tone scale is comprised of a series of half tones. In order for an
instrument to be “in tune,” the frequency of each note has an optimum ratio with the frequency of middle C, called
the perfect 1st.
The optimum frequency ratio r, expressed as a decimal, can be calculated using , where n is the number
of half tones the note is above the perfect 1st, including the note itself.
a. Approximate the optimum frequency ratio of the middle 3rd with the perfect 1st.
b. Without the use of a calculator, approximate the optimum frequency ratio of the perfect 8th and the perfect 1st.
Justify your answer.
SOLUTION:
a. The middle 3rd is 4 half tones above the perfect 1st, so evaluate for n = 4.

The optimum frequency ratio of the middle 3rd with the perfect 1st is 1.26.

b. The perfect 8th is 12 half tones above the perfect 1st. Evaluating for n = 12, yields
1
, which simplifies to 2 or 2.
ANSWER:
a. about 1.26
b. 2; sample answer: The perfect 8th is 12 half tones above the perfect 1st. Evaluating for n = 12, yields
1
Simplify.
30.
a. about 1.26
b. 2; sample answer: The perfect 8th is 12 half tones above the perfect 1st. Evaluating for n = 12, yields
1
Simplify.
30.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
31.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:
32.
SOLUTION:
5
value of b and c .
ANSWER:
33.
SOLUTION:
5
value of b and c .
ANSWER:
33.
SOLUTION:
3
value of y and z . It is not necessary to use absolute value on x because is an even root of an odd power.
ANSWER:
34.
SOLUTION:
value of c. You do not need an absolute value of d because the term guarantees that y is nonnegative.
ANSWER:
35.
SOLUTION:
ANSWER:

Section 2 NTH Roots and Real Exponents

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Section 2 NTH Roots and Real Exponents

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0-4 nth Roots and Real Exponents

Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.

Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.

Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 7

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 8

0-4 nth Roots and Real Exponents

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 10

Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.

Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.

Because the index is odd, it is not necessary to use absolute value.

eSolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 15

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