Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Abstract
Tropical rainforests, generally in the industry and spacifically those in West Kalimantan, have a
high diversity of plant special to be consumed by the surrounding inhabitants to suffice ther daily
needs. Various types of forest ecosistems in Wets Kalimantan preserve a diversity of potentially
useful plants of high economic value. The purpose of this study is to record the types and processing
of plant parts that are used as medicinal plants by the people of Raba Village, Menjalin Subdistrct,
Landak Regency. The documentation of medicinal plants’ use is done so that the knowledge in the
community will not be lost and can provide more information for the development and preservation
of medicinal plant in Raba Village. The study is conducted in three hamlest in Rava Village,
Menjalin Subdistrict, Landak Regency. The selection of respondents employed Snowball Sampling,
specofically by determining key respondent and the other respondent based on information from
previous respondent. From the results of research on medicinal plants and how to use them,it is
observed that there are 39 species of plants belonging to 30 families. On the other hand, based on
the part used, it can be concluded that there are 19 species of plant whose leaves are most widely
used, 25 species of plants that are processed by boiling, and 21 species of plants which are
cosumed by drinking. The plants used by the people of Raba Village are Gotu Kola (Pegagan)
Plants, Cocor Bebek Leaves, Bunga Jarum Plants, and Wuluh Starfruit. First of all, the Gotu Kola
(Pengagan) plant is efficacious for treating kidney stone disease and can be processed in the
following way: the leaves of the fresh Gotu Kalo are boiled with adequate water, then the brewing
water is drunk frequently, Secondly, Cocor Bebek Leaves have proven efficacy in treating blisters.
To consume it, villagers will take enough of the Cocor Duck Leaves, then the leaves are squeezed
and pressed, and then affixed to the part of the skin affected by blisters. Thirdly, the Bunga Jarum
Plant is advantageous to relieve a toothache. In order to consume it, take the stem of Bunga Jarum
Plant, break the stem and apply the sap to the targeted teeth. Finally, the fruit and leaves of Wuluh
starfruit can be used to treat high blood pressure and itching on the skin. The star fruit can be
directly eaten, while the leaves are used to treat itching by rubbing it into the body.
Keywords: Raba Village Community, Utilization of Medicinal Plants.
97
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
98
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
99
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
Tabel 1. Daftar Spesies dan Famili Tumbuhan Obat yang Dimanfaatkan Masyarakat
Desa Raba Kecamatan Menjalin Kabupaten Landak (List of Species and
Famili of Medicinal Plants Utilizid by the Village Community of Raba
Kecamatan Menjalin Sub-district Landak)
No. Spesies
Nama Lokal Nama Latin Famili Habitus
1 2 3 4 5
1 Bawang Lama Eleutherina americana Iridaceae Herba
2 Bandotan Ageratum conyzoldes Asteraceae Herba
3 Bebuas Prema cordiflora Verbenaceae Perdu
4 Belimbing Wuluh Averrhoa blimbi L. Oxalidaceae Pohon
5 Bunga Jarum Crysopogon trin Poaceae Semak
6 Bunga Mangkok Polyscias scutellaria Araliaceae Semak
7 Bunga Tamparujan Ixora stricta Roxb Rubiaceae Semak
8 Bunga Terompet Alamanda chatarcita Apocynaceae Perdu
9 Cocor Bebek Kalanchoe pinnata Crassulaceae Herba
10 Daun Abuan Dillenia excelsa Jark Dilleniaceae Pohon
11 Empedu Tanah Andrographis paniculata Acanthaceae Semak
12 Jahe Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Herba
13 Jambu Biji Psidium guajaya L. Myrtaceae Pohon
14 Jeruk Nipis Citrus aurantifolia Rutaceae Perdu
15 Karakek Piper betle Piperaceae Herba
16 Kesum Persicaria odorata L. Poligonaceae Semak
17 Kembang Sepatu Hibicus rosasinensisi L. Malvaceae Semak
18 Kotop Physallis perwiana L. Solanaceae Herba
19 Kontop Passiflora foetida L. Passifloraceae Liana
20 Kumis Kucing Ortehosiphon aristatus Lamiaceae Semak
21 Lalang Imperata cylindrica L. Cyperaceae Herba
22 Lengkodok Melastoma malabathricum L. Moraceae Perdu
23 Lengkuas Apinia galangal L. Zingiberaceae Herba
24 Mahkota Dewa Phaleria macrocarpa Thymelaeaceae Perdu
25 Melamo Maranta arundinaceae L. Marantaceae Herba
26 Mengkudu Morinda citrifolia L. Rubiaceae Pohon
27 Nangka Belanda Annona muricata L. Annonaceae Pohon
28 Pandan Wangi Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb Pandanaceae Semak
29 Pasak Bumi Eurycoma longifolia Simaroubaceae Pohon
30 Pepaya Cerica papaya L. Caricaceae Pohon
31 Putri Malu Mimosa pudica L. Mimosaceae Semak
32 Pulaik Alstinia scholaris Apocynaceae Herba
Stachytarpheta jamaincensis L.
33 Pecut Kuda Vahl Verbenaceae Herba
34 Pegagan Centelia asiatica Apleaceae Herba
35 Sahang Piper ningrum L. Piperaceae Semak
36 Selasih Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae Semak
37 Serai Cymbopogen citrates Poaceae Herba
38 Sambung Nyawa Gynura procumbens Asteraceae Pohon
39 Ubah Syavgium polyanthum Mirtaceae Pohon
100
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
101
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
6 5
4
2 1
0
Herba Semak Pohon Perdu Liana
Habitus
Gambar 1. Diagram Persentase Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Obat Berdasarkan Habitus
(Diagram of the Percentage of Utilization of Medicinal Plants Based on
Habitus)
102
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
Pemanfaatan tumbuhan sebagai obat bahan baku obat adalah pada bagian daun.
dan bagian-bagian tanaman yang biasa Hal ini sesuiai dengan penelitian bahwa
digunakan seperti bagian akar, batang, buah, bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak
daun dan lainnya. Setiap bagian tanaman dimanfaatkan masyarakat adalah bagian
memiliki khasiat yang berbeda. Berdasarkan daun yaitu sebesar 50%, karena lebih mudah
hasil penelitian dilapangan terdapat 39 jenis ditemukan/ diperoleh kapan saja masyarakat
tumbuhan yang ditemukan di Desa Raba membutuhkannya, dan penggunaannya
yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai obat. dapat untuk menggobati penyakit dalam
Dari bagian tumbuhan yang digunakan maupun penyakit luar. Sedangkan untuk
maka diketahui bagian tumbuhan yang mengobati penyakit dalam cukup dengan
paling banyak digunakan masyarakat untuk cara direbus lalu diminum.
a b
c d
Keterangan: (a) Bawang Lama, ciri majemuk, kepala sari berwarna kuning,
tanaman tinggi batangnya mencapai hingga tumbuhan ini mempuyai khasiat obat, yang
60 cm, batangnya semua membentuk bagian bisa menurunkan kolestrol, bagian yang
bulbus dibagian bawah permukaan, daun digunakan adalah bagian buah, buah bawang
bewarna hijau berbentuk pita, bunganya dicuci bersih, lalu direbus dan langsung
103
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
104
JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI (2019)
Vol. 7 (1) : 97 – 105
105