Iqwq Ce1091 VPNDT D7 4539 - 0

WES
ST QUR
RNA I
SE
ECTION 1
CODE A
W
WQI PRO
ODUCED
D WATER
R TREAT
TMENT PROJECT
T (AWQ0109-1)

P.O
O. Numbe
er: P/IQWQ
Q-CE1091--MXXER-D
D7-0001
Vendor: PETRECO INTER

RNATIONA
AL (MIDDLE EAST) LTD
L
Package: GAS FL
LOTATION
N PACKAG
GE & FILTR
RATION PA
ACKAGE
Tag No.:
Equipment/T MAJ681
1158A/B/C
C & 258A/B
B/C, MAJ68
81156A/B & 256A/B,,
MBD68
81151 / MB
BD681251, D7-ABJ6881172, MB
BD681160 & 260
ULTRA
ASONIC EXAMINA
E ATION PROCEDU
URE
(AWS D1.1)
D
IQ
QWQ-CE
E1091-VP
PNDT-D7
7-4539
Vend
dor Doc. No. : P-A
AA003-00
01-QA-92
20-0008

0 15‐0
03‐17 Issued
d Final SREEJITH JOSEPH NITIN SH
HETTY
Issued for R
Review and
B 01‐0
02‐17 SREEJITH JOSEPH NITIN SH
HETTY
Apprroval
Issued for R
Review and
A 24‐1
11‐16 SREEJITH JOSEPH NITIN SH
HETTY
Apprroval
Rev D
Date Descriiption Prep
pared By Checkked By Approve
ed By

Signed By
CP
PE CPECC
(Name & D
Date)

Sr. No Description
1 Ultrasonic Examination Procedure (INSPEC)
2 Ultrasonic Examination Procedure (IGTS)

1 Ultrasonic Examination Procedure (INSPEC)

INTERNATIONAL INSPECTION SERVICES LTD
Document No. : INS/PI-1949/AWS/UT/001

Rev: 01 Date: 0 22.01.2016 Page: 1 of 18
OPERATION CONTROLS - PROCEDURE
ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE
Document No. : INS/PI-1949/AWS/UT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2016 Page No.: 1 of 18

This document is a property of INSPEC and for use by its authorized personnel only. Use of this Procedure by non-INSPEC
Organizations is by specific agreement. This document is subject for revisions and only the latest revision stands current.
Approved Master Copy of this document is filed and stored under the custody of INSPEC Technical manager. This document
shall not be reproduced without the written consent of INSPEC. Controlled Distribution Copy Holders will receive current
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ULTRASONICEXAMINATION
PROCEDURE
REVISION CONTROL
Revision Number & Changes Remarks

Date
00 10.11.2016 Original Issue
01 22.01.2016 Clause 1, 5, 7, 11 Revised.
Document No. : INS/PI-1949AWS/UT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2016 Page No.: 2 of 18

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INDEX
Clause
Description of Content Page Ref.
Ref...
1 Scope 4
2 Reference Documents 4
3 Personnel Qualification 4
4 Equipment 5
5 Coupling Medium 6
6 Surface Condition 6
7 Calibration for Testing 6
8 Base metal Evaluation 9
9 Scanning 9
10 Identification of discontinuity locations 10
11 Acceptance Criteria 11
12 Documentation 11
Annexure – I Acceptance Criteria 12

Annexure – II Sample Report Format 16
Annexure – III Reference Block 18

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1. Scope
1.1. This Ultrasonic Examination Procedures are to be used for the testing of groove welds and heat-
affected zones between the thickness of 5/16” (8.0mm) and 8” (200mm) in structural steel welding
when such testing is required.
1.2. This procedure is not applicable for testing of TYK joints.
1.3. For thicknesses less than 8 mm or greater than 200 mm, separate examination procedure is to be
adopted.
1.4. During testing of electroslag weld or electrogas weld, if any piping porosity is suspected, that should
be supplemented by Radiographic examination.
1.5. Any variation of this procedure with respect to essential variables shall imply re-issue of the procedure
with all the variations incorporated.
2. Reference Documents
2.1 AWS D1.1: Section 6.0, Part F, Edition: 2015.

2.2 ASNT SNT-TC-1A: 2006 Edition.
2.3 INSPEC Written Practice INS/SNT/WP/001 Rev. 00.
2.4 IQWQ-FT-NSPDS-00-290306-0
3. Personnel Qualification
3.1 All INSPEC personnel performing Ultrasonic Examination using this Procedure shall be qualified to a
minimum of Level II in accordance with INSPEC Written practice in compliance with ASNT SNT TC-
1A.
3.2 Personnel performing Examination shall have vision, with correction if necessary, to enable to read
Jaeger Type No. 2 Standard Chart at a distance of not less than 12 in., and differentiate the contrast
between the colors or shades of gray, and records of such vision test shall be maintained by INSPEC.
Vision tests shall be conducted annually and shall be valid during examination.
3.3 Personnel conducting Ultrasonic Examination shall be competent in conducting the testing as
described in this Procedure.
3.4 Wherever required, existing Personnel Qualification shall be verified for applicability as to the Code
conditions.
3.5 Personnel conducting Ultrasonic Examination should be aware of the safe-practice requirements during
examination.

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4. Equipments
4.1 Pulse Echo Equipment: - The ultrasonic equipment shall be pulse echo type ‘A’ scan suitable for
use with transducers oscillating at frequencies between 1 & 6 MHz. The equipment shall have valid
calibration certificate. The test equipment shall have a calibrated gain control adjustable in discrete 1 or
2 dB steps over a range of at least 60 dB.
4.2 The horizontal linearity of the test equipment shall be qualified over the full sound path distance to be
used. Horizontal linearity shall be verified after 40 Hours of instrument use and shall be performed as
per sec 6.30.1 of AWS D1.1 and vertical linearity in two months interval in accordance with sec 6.30.2
of AWS D1.1
4.3 The test instrument shall have internal stabilization facility, so that after warm up no variation in in
response more than +/- 1 dB occurs with a supply voltage of 15% nominal or in case of battery
operation. There must be an alarm or signal to indicate the reduced charge in the battery prior to
complete shut off.
Transducers: - Transducers with following characteristics shall be used.
Angle beam : 70°, 60°, 45° (within plus minus 2°).

Crystal Size: Crystal size shall be square or rectangular in shape and may vary from 5/8 inch to 1 inch
(15mm to 25mm) in width and from 5/8 inch to 13/16 inch (15mm to 20mm) in height or circular shape
(10mm) in diameter. The maximum width to height ratio shall be 1.2 to 1.0 and the minimum width to
height ratio shall be 1.0 to 1.0.
Frequency: The nominal probe frequencies shall be between 2 to 2.5 MHz inclusive.
Other probe frequencies may be used if material variable such as material grain structure
or size dictates.
Angle : The search unit angle shall produce a Sound beam in the material being listed within ±2º of
one of the following proper angle: 70º, 60º or 45º.
Normal (straight) beam: Transducers shall have an active area of not less than ½ inch2 (323mm2) not
more than 1 inch2 (645mm2). The transducer shall be round or square.
Transducers shall be capable of resolving the three reflections as described
in following figure-1.

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Figure-1
IIW V1 block; F-normal probe position for checking of resolution
4.4 Coaxial Cables: - Minimum 6 feet (1830 mm) and a maximum of 15 feet (4772 mm) in length with
suitable connections shall be used.
4.5 Calibration Blocks: - IIW - V1 A-2 calibration block shall be the standard for both distance and
sensitivity calibration.
4.6 Discontinuity Plotting Aids: - An array of devices are available for the ultrasonic operator to be
able to plot and verify where indications are coming from, the technician may utilize the following.
4.7 Magnetic strips, Electronic calculators, Mimic gauges (wire type), Soldering wire, Perspex slides,
Cursors Plotting cards, Protractor, Compass, 150MM Stainless steel rulers, Measuring tapes, Indelible
markers.
5. Coupling Medium
Oil, Polycell jelly, grease, water or equivalent couplant that shall be used accordance to ASME Sec V
Article 4, clause T-433 to provide satisfactory transmission of Ultrasonic sound waves.
6. Surface Condition
Scanning surface shall be free of weld spatters surface irregularities or foreign materials that might
interfere with the scanning during examination.
7. Calibration for Testing
7.1 All calibrations and tests shall be made with the reject (clipping or suppression) control turned off. Use
of the reject (clipping or suppression) control may alter the amplitude linearity of the instrument and
invalidate test results.

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7.2 Calibration for sensitivity and horizontal sweep (distance) shall be made by the ultrasonic operator just
prior to and at the location of testing of each weld.
7.3 Recalibration shall be made after a change of operators, each 30-minute maximum time interval, or
when the electrical circuitry is disturbed in any way, which includes the following:
(1) Transducer change
(2) Battery change
(3) Electrical outlet change
(4) Coaxial cable change
(5) Power outage (failure).
7.4 Calibration for straight beam testing

Calibration for straight beam testing of base metal shall be made with the search unit applied to Face-A
of the base metal and performed as follows (see also figure-2):
7.4.1 The horizontal sweep shall be adjusted for distance calibration to present the equivalent of at least
two-plate thickness on the CRT screen.
7.4.2 The sensitivity shall be adjusted at a location free of indications so that the first back reflection
from the far side of the plate will be minimum 75% of full screen height.
Figure-2
Testing faces according to AWS D 1.1

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7.5 Calibration for angle beam testing:
The horizontal sweep shall be adjusted to represent the actual sound path distance by using the IIW
block or alternative blocks. The distance calibration shall be made using either the 125mm scale or
250mm scale on the CRT screen, whichever is appropriate. If, however, the joint configuration or
thickness prevents full examination of the weld at either of these settings, the distance calibration shall
be made using 500mm scale as required.
Note: The horizontal location of all screen indications is based on the location at which the left side of
the trace deflection breaks the horizontal base line.
7.6 Reference Level:
7.6.1 The zero reference level sensitivity used for flaw evaluation is attained by adjusting the
calibrated gain control (attenuator) of the flaw detector, so that a maximized horizontal
reference level trace deflection results on the CRT screen.
7.6.2 Welds shall be tested using an angle beam search unit using the angle as shown in Table 6.7
attached. Following calibration and during testing, the only instrument adjustment permitted is
the sensitivity level adjustment with the calibrated gain control (attenuator). The reject (clipping
or suppression) control shall be turned off. Sensitivity shall be increased from the reference
level for weld scanning in accordance with Tables 6.2 or 6.3 (see attached) as applicable.
7.6.3 The testing angle and scanning procedure shall be in accordance with those shown in Table 6.7
(see attached).
7.6.4 All butt joint welds shall be tested from each side of the weld axis. Corner and T-joint welds
shall be primarily tested from one side of the weld axis only. All welds shall be tested using the
applicable scanning pattern exhibit as necessary to detect both longitudinal and transverse flaws.
It is intended that, as a minimum, passing sound through the entire volume of the weld and the
heat-affected zone in two crossing directions test all welds, wherever practical.
7.6.5 Indication rating method: The transducer shall be set in the position of IIW so that the maximum
reflection from 1.59 mm hole is received. The maximized signal shall then be adjusted to attain
a horizontal reference line height indication.
The maximum decibal reading shall be used as the reference level, “b” in the calculation of the
indication rating.
Indication rating, d = a-b-c

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Where “a” – Instrument reading in decibels, when the indication from the discontinuity is
adjusted to the amplitude source as the indication from 1.59mm Ф hole at primary reference
level.
“c”- Attenuation factor is attained by subtracting 1 inch (25mm) from the sound – path distance
and multiplying the remainder by 2. The factor shall be rounded out to the nearest dB value.
7.8 Transfer Correction:-The surface finish of the calibration block shall be a representative of the surface
finish of the component; however transfer mechanism may be used to correlate the amplitude from
basic calibration block and the production material. Transfer correction s shall be accomplished by
using the transmission method utilizing two identical angle probes. For material thickness, less than
25.4mm at least full skip shall be used. The amplitudes of both calibration block and production
material shall be evaluated at 40% of full screen and this difference shall be noted and used for the
correction of the primary reference level and this shall be the corrected primary reference level. Refer
attachment sheet.
7.9 Reference Level: - The reference level shall be that level whereby reflections at, or in excess of that
level shall be investigated to the extent that the operator can determine the shape, identity (planar,
spherical, and cylindrical) and location of imperfections and evaluate in terms of the applicable
acceptance criteria.
7.10 Extent and percentage of UT examination shall be in accordance to Table 4 of the project
specification IQWQ-FT-NSPDS-00-290306.
8. Base Metal Evaluation

The area adjacent to the weld from which scanning is to be conducted shall be scanned with a 0°
compressional probe and the thickness shall be recorded. Areas where laminar type defects are
together with other reflectors that may interfere with the shear wave scan shall be reported.
9. Scanning
Scanning shall be by contact method using manual, semi-automatic or automatic mechanism.
Recording may be carried out using automatic alarm recording system or by manual method.
Scanning shall be carried out such that entire volume of weld is tested for longitudinal and transverse
discontinuities.
The volume to be scanned shall be examined by moving the search unit over the scanning surface so
as to scan the entire examination volume for each required search unit.
Each pass of the search unit shall overlap a minimum of 10% of the active transducer (piezoelectric
element) dimension perpendicular to the direction of scan. Where mandated by code requirements, the

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percent minimum overlap may be increased.

Alternatively, each pass of the search unit may overlap a dimension less than the minimum beam
dimension (beam spread) if the same is already known. Oscillation of the search unit is permitted
provided improved coverage is demonstrated.
The pulse Repetition rate shall be small enough to assure that a signal from a reflector located at the
maximum distance in the examination volume will arrive back at the search unit before the next pulse
is placed on the transducer.
The rate of search unit movement (scanning speed) shall not exceed 6 inch /s (152 mm/s)
Scanning shall be performed from the branch connection.
10. Identification of discontinuity locations:
10.1 “X” Line. An “X” line for discontinuity location shall be marked on the test face of the
weldment in a direction parallel to the weld axis. The location distance perpendicular to the
weld axis shall be based on the dimensional figures on the detail drawing and usually falls on
the centerline of the butt joint welds, and always falls on the near face of the connecting
member of T and corner joint welds (the face opposite Face C).
10.2 “Y” Line. A “Y” accompanied with a weld identification number shall be clearly marked on the
base metal adjacent to the weld that is subject to UT. This marking is used for the following
purposes:
(1) Weld identification
(2) Identification of Face A
(3) Distance measurements and direction (+ or –) from the “X” line
(4) Location measurement from weld ends or edges
10.3 Depth (Z): depth of the indication (discontinuity) shall be calculated from the sound
beam path obtained from the display. Depth may require correction if the discontinuity is
in the 2nd leg of the sound beam. Depth shall always be calculated from the scan face.
See figure-3 for details of location indentification methods:

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Figure-3: Weld discontinuity identification plot
11. Acceptance Criteria
11.1 Each weld discontinuity shall be accepted or rejected on the basis of its indication rating and its
length, in accordance with AWS D1.1M table 6.2 and 6.3 for statically or cyclically loaded strctures
respectively.
11.2 Each rejectable discontinuity shall be indicated on the weld by a mark directly over the discontinuity
for its entire length and depth from the surface shall be noted on nearby base metal.
11.3 Evaluation of the defects shall be performed from both the branch and the main branch.
11.4 Acceptance criteria shall be in accordance to Table 5 of the project specification IQWQ-FT-
NSPDS-00-290306.
12. Documentation
UT examination conducted as per this procedure shall be reported on AWS D1.1 reporting format with
standard Ultrasonic Examination report refer attached and shall contain the following information as a
minimum.
a. Client
b. Job No.
c. Drawing / Line number
d. Location
e. Repair Reference
f. Date
g. Weld Type
h. Flaw detector type, Serial No.
i. Probe, Frequency, Sensitivity, Transfer Correction
j. Technician’s Name
k. Test limitations / Restrictions
l. Acceptance criteria
m. Applicable code
n. Welding number

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ANNEXURE I ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

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ANNEXURE II – SAMPLE REPORT FORM

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Annexure 3 Reference Block (IIW V1-A2)

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2 Ultrasonic Examination Procedure (IGTS)

INDOGULF INSPECTION & TESTING SERVICES
Test Procedure for Ultrasonic Inspection for

Structural Welds
20/01/2017
IGTS-PI-1949/UT/AWS/01
1 20/01/2017 23
Ramesh P Nair Stephen Sundarraj
REVIEWED-
REV. DATE PAGES PREPARED ASNT LEVEL III APPROVED
CONSULTANT
Test Procedure for Ultrasonic Inspection for Structural Welds
IGTS-PI/1949/UT/AWS/01 Rev.1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 SCOPE
2.0 REFERENCE
3.0 DEFINITIONS
4.0 PROCEDURE
5.0 DOCUMENTATION
APPENDIX 1 – IIW (V1) Reference Block
APPENDIX 2 – Transfer Correction Procedure
APPENDIX 3 – Probe Movement and Direction
APPENDIX 4 – Acceptance-Rejection Criteria (Statically Loaded Nontubular Connections)
APPENDIX 5 – Acceptance-Rejection Criteria (Cyclically Loaded Nontubular Connections)
APPENDIX 6 – Scanning Procedure
APPENDIX 7 – UT Report
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1. SCOPE
The scope of this procedure is to establish and implement the Ultrasonic Testing
technique, including interpretation of results to determine acceptability of the
welds in Non-Tubular structure in accordance with AWS D1.1. Thickness
covered by this procedure is between 8mm and 200mm.
2. REFERENCES
2.1 AWS D 1.1 – Structural Welding Code-Steel (2015 edition)

2.2 ASME SEC V (2015 edition)
2.3 Client Specification
IQWQ-FT-NSPDS-00-290306 – FLUOR Specification – Structural Welding and
Inspection.
2.4 ASNT-SNT-TC-1A (Latest Edition) – Personnel Qualification and Certification in
nondestructive testing.
3. DEFINITIONS
x “Length” of an imperfection will be defined if it has at least one amplitude value

equal to or greater than the evaluation level.
x “Through Wall Height” dimensions of the imperfection will be called the
“Vertical Height” of the defect.
x “Depth” of the imperfection is the through-wall distance to the bottom of the
defect as measured from the outside diameter of the pipe.
x “Evaluation Level” is the level from which imperfections shall be evaluated and
is used to determine imperfection length
x “FSH” is Full Screen Height.
x “BWE” is Backwall echo.
x “Defect” is an imperfection of sufficient magnitude to warrant rejection based on
the criteria referenced by this procedure.
x “Imperfection” is a discontinuity or irregularity that is caused by the welding
process and is not related to geometry indications.
x “Indication” is an ultrasonic response derived from either weld geometry or
weld imperfection.
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4. PROCEDURE
4.1 GENERAL
4.1.1 Personnel performing Ultrasonic Examination shall be a qualified in

accordance with Indogulf-StenaTech’s Written Practice for personnel
qualification and certification in IGTS-SOP-001.
4.1.2 The personnel to be engaged in the ultrasonic testing shall be qualified to ,
Level II, or Level III, and interpretation of results shall be done only by
qualified Level II or Level III personnel.
4.1.3 Welds subject to nondestructive testing shall have been found acceptable
by visual inspection in accordance with table 6.1 of AWS D1.1
4.1.4 Qualification of the UT operator shall include a specific and practical
examination which shall be based on the requirements of AWS D1.1 or as
directed by Client.
4.2 EQUIPMENT
4.2.1 Instrument Requirement:
Examination shall be conducted with a pulse-echo ultrasonic instrument

capable of generating frequencies over the range of at least 1 MHz to
6MHz. The display shall be an “A” scan rectified video trace. The
instrument shall be equipped with a stepped gain control calibrated in
unit of 2 dB or less over a range of at least 60 dB. The accuracy of the
attenuator setting shall be with in plus or minus 1 dB. Test instruments
shall include internal stabilization so that after warm-up, no variation in
response greater than ±1 dB occurs with a supply voltage change of 15%
nominal or in the case of a battery, throughout the charge operating life.
There shall be alarm or meter to signal a drop in battery voltage prior to
instrument shutoff due to battery exhaustion.
4.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS

4.3.1 IIW Standard:
The International Institute of Welding (IIW) ultrasonic reference block (VI)

shall be the standard used for both distance and sensitivity calibration.
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4.3.2 Prohibited Reflectors:
The use of “corner” reflectors for calibration purpose is prohibited.
4.3.3 Resolution Requirements:
The combination of search unit and instrument shall resolve three holes in
the RC resolution reference test block as shown in Appendix-2. The
transducer shall be set on resolution block RC position Q for 70°angle,
position R for 60° angle, or position S for 45° angle. The resolution shall be
evaluated with the instrument controls set at normal test settings and with
indications from the holes brought to mid screen height. The transducer
and instrument shall resolve the three test holes, at least to the extent of
distinguishing the peaks of indications from the three holes.
4.4 EQUIPMENT QUALIFICATIONS
4.4.1 Horizontal linearity:
The horizontal linearity of the test instrument shall be re-qualified after

each 40 Hrs. of operation in each of the distance ranges that the
instrument will be used. The qualification procedure shall be as detailed
below:-
i) A straight beam search unit shall be coupled in position G on the

IIW (VI) block.
ii) A minimum of five back wall reflections in the qualification range
being certified shall be attained.
iii) The first and fifth back reflections shall be adjusted to their proper
locations with use of the distance calibration and zero delay
adjustments.
iv) Each indication shall be adjusted to reference level with the gain or
attenuation control for horizontal location examination.
v) Each intermediate trace deflection location shall be correct within
±2% of the screen width.
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4.4.2 Gain Control:
The instrument’s gain control shall meet the requirements of Para 4.2.1
and shall be checked for correct calibration at two months intervals in
accordance with paragraph 6.30.2 of AWS D1.1. Alternative methods may
be used for calibrated gain control qualification if proven at least
equivalent with paragraph 6.30.2 of AWS D1.1.
4.4.3 Internal Reflections:
Maximum internal reflections from each search unit shall be verified at a

maximum time interval of 40 hrs. Of instrument use as detailed below:
i) Calibrate the equipment in accordance with paragraph 4.6.5.
Remove the search unit from the calibration block without
changing any other equipment adjustments.
ii) Increase the calibrated gain or attenuation 20 dB more sensitive
than the reference level.
iii) The CRT screen area beyond 13mm sound path and above
reference level height shall be free of any indication.
4.4.4 Calibration of Angle beam Search Unit:
With the use of an approved calibration block, each angle beam search
unit shall be checked after each eight hours of use to determine that the
contact face is flat, that the sound entry point is correct, and that the beam
angle is with in the permitted plus or minus 2° tolerance search units
which do not meet these requirements shall be corrected or replaced.
4.5 SEARCH UNITS (TRANSDUCERS)
4.5.1 Straight – Beam Search Units
Straight-beam search units have an active area of not less than ½ square
Inch (323 sq. mm) not more than 1 sq. in (645 sq. mm). The transducer
shall be Square or round. The transducer shall be capable of resolving the
three Reflections on the IIW (VI) block. Straight Beam search units shall be
of Standard manufacturer, either twin or single crystal with a nominal
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frequency Of 4 MHz-5 MHz for less than 50 mm job thickness and 2.0 -2.5
MHz for job More than 50 mm job thickness.
4.5.2 Angle-Beam Search Units:
Angle-beam search unit shall consist of a transducer and an angle wedge.

The unit may be comprised of the two separate elements or may be an
integral unit. Transducer frequency shall be between 2 and 2.5MHz.
Transducer crystal shall be square or rectangular in shape and may vary
from 16 to 25mm in width and from 16 to 20 mm in height. The maximum
width to height ratio shall be 1.2 to 1.0, and the minimum width to height
ratio shall be 1.0 to 1.0. Each search unit shall be marked to clearly indicate
the frequency of the transducer, nominal angle of refraction, and index
point. The dimensions of the search unit shall be such that the distance
from the leading edge of the search unit to the index point shall not
exceed 25mm. The search unit shall produce a sound beam in the material
being tested within plus or minus 2° of one of the following proper angle:
70°, 60°or 45°.
4.5.3 Probe Scanning speed
The probe scanning speed for examination shall not exceed 6 inches /sec
unless calibration is verified at scanning speed.
4.6 CALIBRATION FOR TESTING
4.6.1 All calibrations and test shall be made with the reject control turned off.
Use of reject control may alter the amplitude linearity of the instrument
and invalidate test results.
4.6.2 Calibration for sensitivity and horizontal sweep (distance) shall be made
by the ultrasonic operator just prior to and at the location of testing of
each weld.
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4.6.3 Re-calibration shall be made after a change of operators, each 30-minute

maximum time interval, or when the electrical circuitry is disturbed in any
way, which includes the following:
i) Transducer Change
ii) Battery Change
iii) Electrical outlet change
iv) Coaxial cable change
v) Power Outage (failure)
4.6.4 Calibration for Straight Beam Testing of Base Metal.
Calibration for straight beam testing of base metal shall be made with the
search unit applied to Face A of the base metal and performed as follows:
i) Sweep: The horizontal sweep shall be adjusted for distance

calibration to present the equivalent of at least two-plate thickness
on the display.
ii) Sensitivity: The sensitivity shall be adjusted at a location free of

indications so that the first back reflection from the far side of the
plate will be 50 to 75% of the full screen height.
4.6.5 Calibration for Angle Beam Testing
i) Horizontal Sweep: The horizontal sweep shall be adjusted to

represent the actual sound-path distance by using IIW block
ii) Zero Reference Level: The zero reference level sensitivity used for
flaw evaluation is attained by adjusting the calibrated gain control
of the flaw detector so that a maximize horizontal trace deflection
results on the display as detailed below:
4.6.6 Amplitude or Sensitivity Calibration Procedure
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The transducer shall be in position A (Ref: Figure 6.26 of AWS D1.1) on

the IIW VI Block (any angle). The maximized signal shall be then being
adjusted from the 1.59 mm hole to attain a horizontal reference line height
indication. The maximum decibel reading obtained shall be used as the
“Reference Level, b”.
4.7 PREPARATION FOR SCANNING
4.7.1 Identification Marking
i) An “X” Line for flaw location shall be marked on the test face of the
weldment in a direction parallel to the weld axis. The location
distance perpendicular to the weld axis is based on the dimensional
figures on the detail drawing and usually falls on the centerline of
the butt joint welds, and always falls on the near face of the
connecting member of T and corner joint welds.
ii) A “Y” accompanied with a weld identification number shall be

clearly marked on the base metal adjacent to the weld that is
ultrasonically tested. This marking is used for the following
purposes:
Weld Identification
Identification of face A
Distance measurement and direction (+ or -)
Location measurement from weld ends or edges
4.7.2 Couplant
Grease, oil, water or any other similar material capable of conducting

ultrasonic vibrations from the transducer to the material being examined
shall be used. Rust inhibitors, softeners and wetting agents may be added
to the couplant. The couplant with additives should not be detrimental to
the component being examined and should wet the surface of the
component to provide and intimate contact. Couplants may not be
comparable to one another and the same couplant shall be used for
calibration and examination.
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4.7.3 Surface preparation
The base metal on each side of the weld shall be free of weld spatter,
surface irregularities, or foreign matter that might interfere with the
examination. Where the weld surface interferes with the examination, the
weld shall be prepared as needed to permit examination.
4.7.4 Extent of Testing
Extend and the Percentage of UT Examination shall be in accordance with

Table 4r of the Client Specification project section IQWQ-FT-NSPDS-00-
290306.
The entire base metal through which ultrasound must travel to test the
weld shall be tested for laminar reflectors using a straight beam search
unit. If any area of base metal exhibits total loss of back reflection or an
indication equal or greater than the original back reflection height is
located in a position that will interfere with the normal weld scanning
procedure, its size, location and depth from the A face shall be determined
and reported on the ultrasonic test report and an alternate weld scanning
procedure shall be used.
4.7.5 Inaccessibility
If a part of a weld is inaccessible for testing in accordance with the

requirements of table-1, due to laminar content, the testing shall be
conducted using one or more of the following alternative procedure as
necessary to attain full weld coverage:
Weld surface(s) shall be ground flush
Testing from Faces A and B shall be performed
Other search units angle shall be used.
4.8 SCANNING OF WELDS
4.8.1 Welds shall be tested using an angle beam search unit using the angles as
shown in table-6.7 of AWS D1.1 and calibrated and during testing the only
instrument adjustment permitted is the sensitivity level adjustment with
calibrated gain control. The reject control shall be turned off. Sensitivity
Page 10
shall be increased from the reference level for weld scanning in

accordance with table-6.2 and table-6.3 of AWS D1.1as applicable.
4.8.2 The testing angle and scanning procedure shall be in accordance with
those Shown in table-6.7 of AWS D1.1
4.8.3 Butt Joints: All butt joint welds shall be tested from each side of the weld
axis. Corner and T-joint welds shall be primarily tested from one side of
the weld axis only. All welds shall be tested using the applicable scanning
pattern or patterns shown in Appendix-3 as necessary to detect both
longitudinal and transverse flaws. It is intended that, as a minimum, all
welds may be tested, by passing sound through the entire volume of the
weld and heat-affected zone in two crossing directions, wherever
practical.
4.9 EVALUATION OF REFLECTOR SIZE
4.9.1 The size of lamellar discontinuities is not always easily determined,

especially those that are smaller than the transducer size. When the
discontinuity is larger than the transducer, a full loss of back reflection
will occur and a 6dB loss of amplitude and measurement to the centerline
of the transducer is usually reliable for determining flaw edges. However,
the approximate size evaluation of those reflectors, which are smaller than
the transducer, must be made by, beginning outside of the discontinuity
and moving the transducer towards the area of discontinuity until an
indication on the display begins to form. The leading edge of the search
unit at this point is indicative of the edge of the discontinuity.
4.9.10 Maximum Indication: When a discontinuity indication appears on the

screen, the maximum attainable indication from the discontinuity shall be
adjusted to produce a horizontal reference level trace deflection on the
display. This adjustment shall be made with the calibrated gain control,
and the instrument reading in decibels shall be used as the “ Indication
Level, a,” for calculating the “Indication Rating, d.
Page 11
4.9.11 Attenuation Factor: The “attenuation factor, c,” on the test report is
attained by subtracting 25mm from the sound-path distance and
multiplying the remainder by 0.08. This factor shall be rounded out to the
nearest dB value. Fractional values less than ½ dB shall be reduced to the
lower dB level and those of ½ or greater increased to the higher level.
4.9.12 Indication Rating: The “Indication Rating, d, “in attachment-1, represents

the algebraic difference in decibels between the indication level and the
reference level with correction for attenuation as indicated in the
following expressions:
Instruments with gain in dB:
a - b - c = d
Instrument with attenuation in dB:
b - a - c = d
4.9.13 Length of Flaws: The length of flaws shall be determined as follows:
The following procedure shall be used to determine lengths of indications

which have dB ratings more serious than for a class D indication. The
length of such indication shall be determined by measuring the distance
between the transducer centerline locations where the indication rating
amplitude drops 50% (6 dB) below the rating for applicable flaw
classification.
This length shall be recorded under “discontinuity length” on the test

report. Where warranted by flaw amplitude, this procedure shall be
repeated to determine the length of class A, B and C flaws.
4.10 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA ( AWS D1.1)
4.10.1 Acceptance Criteria for Statically Loaded Non-tubular Connections:
Page 12
Welds that are subject to ultrasonic testing, in addition to visual

inspection, shall be acceptable if they meet the requirements of Table 6.2.
For complete joint penetration web-to-flange welds, acceptance of
discontinuities detected by scanning movements other than scanning
pattern ‘E’ (see 6.32.2.2) may be based on weld thickness equal to the
actual web thickness plus 1 in. (25mm). Discontinuities detected by
scanning pattern ‘E’ shall be evaluated to the criteria of Table 6.2 for the
actual web thickness. When complete joint penetration web-to-flange
welds are subject to calculated tensile stress normal to the weld, they
should be so designated on the design drawing and shall conform to the
requirements of Table 6.2. Ultrasonically tested welds are evaluated on the
basis of a discontinuity reflecting ultrasound in proportion of its effect on
the integrity of the weld. Indications of discontinuities that remain on the
display as the search unit is moved towards and away from the
discontinuity (scanning movement “b”) may be indicative of planar
discontinuities with significant through-throat dimension.
Since the major reflecting surface of the most critical discontinuities is

oriented a minimum of 20° (for a 70° search unit) to 45° (for a 45° search
unit) from perpendicular to the sound beam, amplitude evaluation (dB
rating) does not permit reliable disposition. When indication exhibiting
these planar characteristics are present at scanning sensitivity, a more
detailed evaluation of the discontinuity by other means shall be required
(e.g., alternate ultrasonic techniques, radiography, grinding or gouging for
visual inspection, etc.,)
4.10.2 Acceptance Criteria for Cyclically Loaded Non-tubular Connections.
Welds that are subject to ultrasonic testing in addition to visual inspection

are acceptable if they meet the following requirements:
Welds subject to tensile stress under any condition of loading shall

conform to the requirements of Table 6.3 and welds subject to compressive
stress shall conform to the requirements of Table 6.2 of AWS D1.1M which
is given in Appendix 4 and 5 of this procedure.
Page 13
4.10.3 Indications:
Ultrasonically tested welds are evaluated on the basis of a discontinuity

reflecting ultrasound in proportion to its effect on the integrity of the
weld. Indications of discontinuities that remain on the display as the
search unit is moved towards and away from the discontinuity (scanning
movement “b”) may be indicative of planar discontinuities with
signification through throat dimension. As the orientation of such
discontinuities, relative to the sound beam, deviates from the
perpendicular dB rating which do not permit direct, reliable evaluation of
the welded joint integrity may result. When indications that exhibit these
planet characteristics are present at scanning sensitivity, a more detailed
evaluation of the discontinuity by other means may be required (e.g.,
alternate ultrasonic techniques, radiography, grinding or gouging for
visual inspection etc.)
4.10.4 Complete joint penetration web-to-flange welds shall conform to the

requirements of Table 6.2 and acceptance for discontinuities detected by
scanning movements other than scanning pattern ‘E’ (see 6.32.2.2) may be
based on a weld thickness equal to the actual web thickness plus 1 in (25
mm). Discontinuities detected by scanning pattern ‘E’ shall be evaluated
to the criteria of 6.13.2 for the actual web thickness. When such web-to-
flange welds are subject to calculated tensile stress normal to the weld,
they shall be so designated on design drawing for statically loaded
structures and shall confirm to the requirements of Table 6.3.
Discontinuities, which are rejectable need be recorded on the test report
(Appendix-7) except that for welds designated in the contract documents
as being “fracture critical” acceptable ratings that are within 6dB,
inclusive, of the minimum rejectable rating shall be recorded on the test
report.
Page 14
4.11 IDENTIFICATION OF REJECTED AREA
Each rejectable discontinuity shall be indicated on the weld by a mark directly

over the discontinuity for its entire length. The depth from the surface and
indication rating shall be noted on nearby base metal.
4.12 REPAIR
Welds found unacceptable by ultrasonic testing shall be repaired. Repaired areas

shall be re-tested ultrasonically.
4.13 POST EXAMINATION CLEANING
Post examination cleaning shall be performed as soon as possible after the

examination. Couplants left on the component after the examination shall be
removed by wiping with cloths.
5.0 DOCUMENTATION
Examination report shall be furnished to the client in the standard report format
unless an alternate report format is specified by the client.
In addition to rejectable discontinuities, discontinuities approaching

unacceptable size particularly those about which there is some doubt in their
evaluation shall also be reported.
Examination results, shall be reported in the format detailed in Appendix-7
Page 15
Appendix 1 - IIW (V1) Reference Block
Page 16
Appendix 2 - Transfer Correction Procedure
Transducer Positions
Page 17
Appendix 3 - Probe Movement and Direction
Movement A: Rotation angle is approximately 10 degrees.
Movement B: Scanning distance b shall be such, that the entire weld volume and
adjacent base material is examined.
Movement C: Distance c shall overlap a minimum of 10% of the transducer dimension
Perpendicular to the direction of the scan.
Movement E: Scanning pattern for volumetric reflectors.
Movement F: Scanning pattern, for transverse reflectors (45 degrees probe in two
directions).
Rotation angle is approximately 15 degrees (from two sides of the weld).
Note:
Movement A, B and C are combined in one probe movement.
The speed of probe movement for examination shall be no greater than 100 mm/sec.
Page 18
Appendix 4 - UT Acceptance-Rejection Criteria (Statically Loaded Nontubular

Connections)
Page 19
Appendix 5 - UT Acceptance-Rejection Criteria (Cyclically Loaded Nontubular

Connections)
Page 20
Appendix 6 - Scanning Procedure
Page 21
Page 22
Appendix 7 - ULTRASONIC TEST REPORT
Page 23

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Vendor: PETRECO INTER

Document No. : INS/PI-1949/AWS/UT/001

OPERATION CONTROLS - PROCEDURE

ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE

Document No. : INS/PI-1949/AWS/UT/001 Rev.: 01 dated 22.01.2016 Page No.: 1 of 18

Revision Number & Changes Remarks

00 10.11.2016 Original Issue

01 22.01.2016 Clause 1, 5, 7, 11 Revised.

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Annexure – I Acceptance Criteria 12

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2.1 AWS D1.1: Section 6.0, Part F, Edition: 2015.

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Transducers: - Transducers with following characteristics shall be used.

Angle beam : 70°, 60°, 45° (within plus minus 2°).

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7. Calibration for Testing

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7.4 Calibration for straight beam testing

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7.5 Calibration for angle beam testing:

7.6 Reference Level:

Indication rating, d = a-b-c

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8. Base Metal Evaluation

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percent minimum overlap may be increased.

10. Identification of discontinuity locations:

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Figure-3: Weld discontinuity identification plot

11. Acceptance Criteria

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ANNEXURE I ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

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ANNEXURE II – SAMPLE REPORT FORM

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Annexure 3 Reference Block (IIW V1-A2)

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Test Procedure for Ultrasonic Inspection for

APPENDIX 1 – IIW (V1) Reference Block

APPENDIX 2 – Transfer Correction Procedure

APPENDIX 3 – Probe Movement and Direction

APPENDIX 4 – Acceptance-Rejection Criteria (Statically Loaded Nontubular Connections)

APPENDIX 5 – Acceptance-Rejection Criteria (Cyclically Loaded Nontubular Connections)

APPENDIX 6 – Scanning Procedure

2.1 AWS D 1.1 – Structural Welding Code-Steel (2015 edition)

x “Length” of an imperfection will be defined if it has at least one amplitude value

4.1.1 Personnel performing Ultrasonic Examination shall be a qualified in

4.2.1 Instrument Requirement:

Examination shall be conducted with a pulse-echo ultrasonic instrument

4.3 REFERENCE STANDARDS

The International Institute of Welding (IIW) ultrasonic reference block (VI)

4.3.2 Prohibited Reflectors:

The use of “corner” reflectors for calibration purpose is prohibited.

4.3.3 Resolution Requirements:

4.4 EQUIPMENT QUALIFICATIONS

4.4.1 Horizontal linearity:

The horizontal linearity of the test instrument shall be re-qualified after

i) A straight beam search unit shall be coupled in position G on the