Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Normal University

MINDANAO
The National Center for Teacher Education

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN

IN MATHEMATICS 5

Finding GCF using Prime Factorization

(January 5, 2023)

Prepared by:

MARISSA B. BACSAN
Field Study 1 & 2 – BMSEE-IV

Submitted to:
DR. MA. TERESITA A. BUTCON, Ph.D
Supervising Instructor
 A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 4
Deductive Strategy
I. OBJECTIVES
Learning Objectives:
During the discussion of the lesson, the grade 5 pupils are expected to:
a. explain how a GCF is identified using prime factorization
b. appreciate determining the prime factors of a number as a process to come up a
certain product; and
c. demonstrate the use of prime factorization in determining the GCF in real life
situation

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Finding Greatest Common Factor (GCF) using Prime Factorization
References:
a. Book: Exploring Math Possibilities – 5; Pages 58-62
b. Video sources: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9wYmDtgcCU
https://virtualnerd.com/algebra-1/polynomials-and-
factoring/factors-and-greatest-common-factors/greatest-common-
factors/no-greatest-common-factor
Materials: Cards/white board, Laptop, LCD projector
Strategy: Deductive Strategy
Skills: Factorization of Numbers
Value Focus: Determining the prime factors of a number

III . PROCEDURE

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

A. Preparatory Activities

Happy New Year, class! Happy New Year, teacher!

Do you have a New Year’s Resolution,

class, as we welcomed the year 2023? Yes, teacher!

Okay, what are those?

Answers may vary.
I am glad to hear that you are interested to
change some of your characters as you
welcome another year.

1. Drill

Before we start our lesson, we will have

a short game.

Are you ready?

Mechanics: Yes, teacher.

• I will group the class into four.
Each group should have a white
board to be written with your
answers to the problem. Each item
will be allotted with 15 seconds
for each group to raise their
answers.

Direction: Find the product of the

following:
1. 2x2x3x3= ?
2. 2x2x5 = ? Answers:
3. 3 x 5 = ? 1. 36
4. 2x2x2x3 = ? 2. 20
5. 2x2x3x3 =? 3. 15
4. 24
Did you enjoy our game class? 5. 36

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

2. Review
.

Okay, now, who can recall what is a prime A prime number is a whole number greater
number? than 1, that cannot be exactly divided by any
 whole number other than itself and 1 or having
only two positive factors which are itself and 1.

Very Good! How about a composite A composite number is a number that has
number? more than two factors.

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,17, and 19

Okay, from 1-20, give me the prime
numbers.
4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, and 20

From 1-20, give me the composite

numbers.

Very Good! Your knowledge in

composite and prime numbers will help
you in our lesson today.

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

3. Motivation

Now, let us have a hint on how will our

lesson for today be delivered. Are you up
for a bingo game?
Yes, teacher!

Mechanics: each one of you will receive

bingo cards. All you have to do is to locate
every product of the multiplication of
numbers that I will be flashing on the
screen. The first one who will cross off 5
boxes in a row, including the free box,
whether diagonally, horizontally, or
vertically, should shout bingo and will
win.

Are you ready? Yes, teacher!

 35

56

28

45

Solve: 7 x5
8x7
2x5
7x4
9x5
6 x 10

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

B. Developmental Activities

1. Presentation of Roles/Concepts and

General Ideas
How did you find the activity class? Fun, teacher!

Based on our previous activities, our

lesson for today will be about Prime
Factorization using Factor Tree.

To fully understand our lesson today, we

will watch a video. Watch carefully
because after this I will ask questions
regarding what we have saw in the video

Source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L9wYmDtgcCU

Base on the video, we have watched, what GCF is the greatest number that divides
is Greatest Common Factor? exactly into two or more numbers.

a. Setting of Standards

Now this time, before we proceed to

our discussion, all I wish is for you to
also follow what I will be offering as
a new years’ resolution for the whole
class.

Kindly read:

1. Listen to the teacher’s discussion,

attentively.
2. Participate to the class, most
especially when you are asked to.
3. No unnecessary chats with
seatmates, especially when it is
not class-related.
4. No to bullying. Respect your
teacher and your classmates.
5. Bring these into life.

Okay, are these clear? Yes, teacher!

2. Discussion of Examples

Very Good! Now let us use other numbers

and follow the in the video, which will be
18 and 36.

Is 18 an even or odd number?

Since 18 is an even number, what are the

possible factors of 18? Even number.

Very Good! In this example, we will use

9 x 2 as the factor of 18. Using factor tree, 18 x 1, 9 x 2 and 6 x 3.
we will branch out 18 as 9 x 2 or 2 x 9.

18

2 9

Do 2 have more factors?

None teacher, it can only be multiplied to
Very Good! Do 9 have more factors? itself. So, it is now a prime number.

Very Good! So in the factor tree, we can Yes, Teacher. 9 x 1 and 3 x 3.

write 9 as 3 x 3.

18

2 9

3 3

Since 3 is a prime number, we will end

our branch here. Same with what we have
done with number 18, we will do it again
in number 36.

What are the factors of 36? 36x 1 and 3 x 12, and 18 x 2.

So we could use 3 x 12 to find the factor

of prime factors of 36.

36

3 12

Since 12 is a composite number, we will

find its factors. What are the factors of 12? 3x4

Factor out 4 with prime numbers 3x2x2

Very Good! Since the factor of 12 are 3 x

2 x 2, it will be like this.

36

3 12

3 4

2 2

Are 3 and 2 prime numbers Yes, Teacher.

Can we find another factor of 2 and 3? No, Teacher. Because 2 and 3 are already
prime numbers.
So, the prime factors of 36 are 3 x 3 x 2 x
2.

Very Good! To find the GCF, we will find

the common prime factors of 18 and 36.
We have to write down the prime factors
 of 18 and 27, then we will find their 3x3
common factor.

18
18 = 2 x 3 x 3
36= 2 x 3 x 3 x 2
What is their common factor? Number 18 is our Greatest Common Factor.
18 = 2 x 3 x 3
36 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 2

What is 2 x 3 x 3?

Very Good! So, that means 18 is?

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

Let us have another example.

Find the GCF of 9 and 16?

What is the prime factor of 9?

3x3
What is the prime factor of 16?
2x2x2x2
What is their common prime factor?
None, Teacher!

Since both numbers do not have common

prime factors, what will be their GCF? Answers vary

So, let us watch another short video to

discover what will be the factor of the
numbers if we cannot find a common prime
factor out of these numbers.

Video source:
https://virtualnerd.com/algebra-
1/polynomials-and-factoring/factors-and-
greatest-common-factors/greatest-
common-factors/no-greatest-common-
factor
Yes, teacher!

Did you get the idea of the video?

Because 1 is what is contained by the given
Why is it 1 is the GCF when there is no numbers, it is common to all and shared by
common prime factor? the numbers being factored out.

Very good!

Now, let us try to answer the following

examples.

Find the GCF of 10, 21 and 28. 2x5

What are the prime factors of 10? 7x3

What are the prime factors of 21? 2x2x7

What are the prime factors of 28? None, Teacher!

Is there a common factor of 10, 21, and It will be 1, teacher because only number 2 is
28? the number shared by each number as a
factor.

Since the numbers don’t have common

prime factors, what will be their GCF?

Very Good! The GCF of 10, 21 and 28 is 2x7

1.
5x7
Find the GCF of 14, 35 and 63.
3x3x7
What is the prime factor of 14?
Yes, Teacher!
 What is the prime factor of 35?
7
What is the prime factor of 63?

Do they have common prime factor?

What is their common prime factor?

Very Good! So, the GCF of 14, 35 and 63

is 7.

Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

3. Application

Let us apply what you have learned in a

situation.

On your seats, find the GCF of the

numbers given in the word problem, using
prime factorization.

Mrs. Manuel has 80 dancers and 50

singers. She wants all of them to perform
in different scenes. Each must have
equal number of dancers and equal
number of singers. What is the greatest
number of scenes that can be made?
How many performers will be there in
each scene?

After answering on your seats, I need 3

volunteers to give the prime factors or 50,
the prime factors of 80, and the GCF of the
two numbers. 50= 5 x 5 x 2
80 = 5 x 2 x 2 x 2

5 x 2 =10.
 Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity

4. Valuing

Since you have given a lot of inputs to our

discussion about finding the GCF using
prime factors/through prime
factorization, I can conclude that majority
of you have attentively listened to the
discussion.

What would you appreciate more, the

finish product of certain thing or the
process to get the product? The process, teacher!

For example, my goal is to lose weight,

this year. To achieve that goal, I must do
To lose weight.
workout and reduce diet. What do you
think is the product here?

Yes, very good. My goal will be the

product of what I plan to do, which is the
workout and reducing of diet.

Can you give me an example of a situation Teacher, our goal is to have an academic
where you want to work award every school year, we want to have
really hard to get your goal? honors, so we should study hard and be
participative in the class.

Okay, very good idea. For example, our

goal is the cleanliness of our The hardwork of the people cleaning the
surroundings. What do you think is the surroundings, teacher!
process of gaining this product?
 Who are these people?
The janitors and janitress!
Very good! Just like our cleaning staff in
the school, they put hard work to get the
product which is the cleanliness of our
surroundings.

So, we should appreciate their hard work,

as the process of gaining the goal or the Cleanliness, teacher!
product, which is?

Very good!

IV. EVALUATION
Direction: Please go to your Math books, on page 68, from items 1 to 3- Self-Check, Letter A.
Find the GCF of the given numbers using Prime Factorization.
1. 20 and 36
2. 27, 18 and 45
3. 40, 80 and 100

V. ASSIGNMENT
Direction: On page 65, in your Math Books, complete each table, only for items 1, 2, and 3.
1.
Number Factors Common GCF
Factors
15
25
2.
Number Factors Common GCF
Factors
36
60

3.
Number Factors Common GCF
Factors
12
20
48

Submitted by:

Marissa B. Bacsan
BMSEE-IV Student