[DIGITAL ELECTRONICS]

TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINE

College of Engineering - Electrical Engineering Department
Ayala Blvd. Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines

LOGIC CIRCUIT AND SWITCHING THEORY

(LABORATORY)

Experiment No. 2

AND GATE

Submitted By:
Name

BSEE - 3F

Instructor:
Engr. Heronafine De Guzman

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
 [DIGITAL ELECTRONICS]

Experiment No. 2
AND GATE

I. OBJECTIVES
 To examine the characteristics and operation of a TTL AND gate.
 To construct a logic circuit of an AND gate with an expanded input using 2-inputTTL
AND gates.

II. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS:

 5V 1A DC power supply
 Breadboard
 1 pc 7408 (quad 2-input AND gate)
 1 pc LED
 1 pc 150 Ω, ½ watt resistor
 Connecting wires

III. INTRODUCTORY INFORMATION:

 The basic operation of logic multiplication, commonly known as the AND operation or
function, is performed by the AND gate. This gate is composed of two or more inputs and a
single output. Fig. 1 shows the standard logic symbol for an AND gate with two input
variables, A and B. The output of this gate is expressed in Boolean algebra notation as A.B.
This notation is read as A and B, not as A times B.
 The operation of the AND gate is such that the output is HIGH (1) only when all of the
inputs are HIGH (1). If any of the inputs are LOW (0), the output is LOW (0). An AND
gate determines when certain conditions are simultaneously true. The AND gate is an all-
or- nothing gate because there must be a 1 at all of the inputs to obtain a 1 at the output.
The HIGH (1) level is the prime or the native output level for the AND gate.

Fig. 1 Logic symbol for a two-input AND gate

Fig. 2 Pin Configuration of 7408

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
 [DIGITAL ELECTRONICS]

IV. PROCEDURE:
1. Construct the circuit shown in Fig. A.

2. Wire the AND gate to each input combination shown in truth table A.1, observeits output,
and record each in the truth table.
3. Using the same circuit as shown in Fig. A, complete truth tables A.2 and A.3.
4. Construct the circuit shown in Fig. B.

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
 [DIGITAL ELECTRONICS]

5. Wire the circuit to each input combination shown in truth table B, observe its output,and
record each in the truth table.

Truth Table A.1

B A Y
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

Truth Table A.2 Truth Table A.3

B A Y B A Y
0 hang 0 hang 0 0
1 hang 1 hang 1 1

Truth Table B
C B A Y
0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
 [DIGITAL ELECTRONICS]

V. QUESTIONS:
1. What is the equivalent of floating input of TTL AND gate?
2. What is the Boolean expression of the circuit shown in Fig. B?
3. What are the two ways that must be done on a three-input AND gate for it to functionas a
two input AND gate?
4. Draw the two possible connections on how the three two-input AND gates can be
wired to function as a four-input AND gate. Write also the Boolean expression for
each outputof the AND gate.

CIRCUIT 1:

VI. CONCLUSION:

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT