Comparing eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Eukaryotes and prokaryotes are two types of life that are separated by a membrane layer, the thin
layer that separates one kind of living cell from another. These two different types of cells play very
important roles across all stages of life and ecosystems.

Here is some information about the differences between these two groups.

*Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus which is contained within an organelle called a mitochondrion.
*Prokaryotic cells, on the other hand, do not contain an internal nucleus. Instead, the DNA and RNA
of prokaryotes exists as separate molecules within the cell's cytoplasm.

According to biologist L.E. Gilbert, prokaryotes may be divided into two groups that correspond to
certain properties :
*Entirely unmotile bacteria are sometimes known as archaebacteria, *Lenticel-containing bacteria are
sometimes known as cyanobacteria and *Proteobacteria comprise prokaryote groups such as
Gammaproteobacteria (formerly known as γ-Proteobacteria), Epsilonproteobacteria (formerly known
as Spirochaetes) etc.

There are many diverse groups of bacteria that can cause disease in humans. These groups include
Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Clostridium, Legionella and E. Coli.

The prokaryotic cell is much smaller than a eukaryotic cell. The volume of a eukaryotic nucleus is
approximately 10-30 times greater than the size of the bacterial chromosome.
The prokaryote cell contains just one circular DNA molecule in its nucleus while the eukaryote cell has
multiple linear chromosomes that contain DNA strands wound around protein spools called histones
which protects the DNA and helps it to fit into the nucleus without tangling up.