FORMULA SHEET FOR ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (DBM10013)

QUADRATIC EQUATION FORMULA OF TRIANGLE

−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
1. Quadratic formula, 𝑥= 1. Sine Rules; = =
2𝑎 sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶

2. Completing the square, 2. Cosine Rules; a2 = b2 + c 2 − 2bc cos A

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𝑏 2 𝑏 2 3. 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝑻𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 = 2 𝑎𝑏 sin 𝐶
(𝑥 + ) − ( ) + 𝑐 = 0
2 2

MATRIX COMPLEX NUMBER

1. Cofactor; 𝐶 = (−1)𝑖+𝑗 𝑀𝑖𝑗 1. 𝑴𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒍𝒖𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒛 = √𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
𝑏
2. Adjoin; 𝐴𝑑𝑗(𝐴) = 𝐶 𝑇 2. 𝑨𝒓𝒈𝒖𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒛 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝑎)
1
3. Inverse of Matrix; 𝐴−1 = |𝐴| 𝐴𝑑𝑗(𝐴) 3. 𝑪𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎; 𝒛 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖
4. 𝑷𝒐𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎; 𝒛 = 𝑟 ∠ 𝜃
4. Cramer’s Rule;
|𝐴1 | |𝐴2 | |𝐴3 | 5. 𝑬𝒙𝒑𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎; 𝒛 = 𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝜃
𝑥= , 𝑦= , 𝑧=
|𝐴| |𝐴| |𝐴| 6. 𝑻𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒐𝒏𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒄 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎; 𝒛 = 𝑟 (cos 𝜃 + i sin 𝜃)

TRIGONOMETRY VECTOR & SCALAR

Pythagoras’ Theorem Trigonometric Identities 1. 𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝑽𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓; 𝑢̂ = |𝑢|
̅
𝑢

sin 𝜃
tan 𝜃 = 𝐴̅ • ̅
𝐵
c cos 𝜃 2. Cos Ө =
a |𝐴||𝐵|
 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 = 1
3. Scalar Product;
b 1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
𝐴⃗ • 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 𝑎1 𝑎2 + 𝑏1 𝑏2 + 𝑐1 𝑐2
2
𝑐 =𝑎 +𝑏 2 2 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
4. Vector Product;
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘
𝐴⃗ × 𝐵
⃗⃗ = |𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1 |
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2
5. Area of parallelogram ABC;
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 |

COMPOUND-ANGLE DOUBLE-ANGLE
1. sin (𝐴 ± 𝐵) = sin 𝐴 cos 𝐵 ± cos 𝐴 sin 𝐵 1. sin 2𝐴 = 2 sin 𝐴 cos 𝐴
2. cos (𝐴 ± 𝐵) = cos 𝐴 cos 𝐵 ∓ sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 2. cos 2𝐴 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝐴 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝐴
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐴 ± 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝐵
3. tan (𝐴 ± 𝐵) = = 1 − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝐴
1∓tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵
= 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝐴 − 1
2 tan 𝐴
3. tan 2𝐴 = 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝐴