Q1 5.

PAK301 Fall (2022) Q2 2.5

Assignment #01 (Solution) Be relevant,

Improvement
is required.
Opening Date: 01-12-2022
Total Marks: 10+5

Closing Date: 08-12-2022

Question 01:

“Indian National Congress always claimed to be representative of all the segments

of Indian society”; Keeping in view of this statement, critically evaluate the emergence of All
India Muslim League as a counterforce. Justify your answer with five valid points. (5 Marks)

Answer: Five Points is:

 All India Muslim League founded in Dhaka in 1906. The purpose of the All India Muslim
League was to protect and promote the political rights and interests of Muslims and
corporate with other communities and loyalty fostering sense among the Muslims on the
government.

 The main purpose of the all India Muslim league to safeguard the rights of Indian
Muslims. In 1908 branch of the Muslim League was established in London by Justice
Amir Ali Syed and effectively responded to the misunderstandings and conspiracies of the
Hindus against the Muslims.

 Philosopher and Muslim reformer Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was the first to introduce the
communal idea in India that Muslims are a separate nation.

 The first Muslim political party in India was the All India Muslim League. The aim of the
Congress was always to include every community in the country and it had many Muslim
leaders as members. But the idea that the Congress party caters only to the needs of
Hindus was a wrong idea.

 In the beginning the Party was mainly of educated elite Muslims. In 1913, Quaid-e-Azam
joined the All India Muslim League. Quaid-e-Azam worked very hard to bring the
Congress and the All India Muslim League to a table and finally in 1916 he held a meeting
of both parties and the constitutional proposals were approved.
Objectives of the league were:

 To create feelings of loyalty to the British government among the Muslims.

 To protect the political rights of Muslims.
 To stop growing prejudice among Muslims against other communities in India.
 Jinnah and the Muslim League led the struggle to divide British India into separate
Hindu Muslim states.
 To prevent differences between Hindus and Muslims.

Question 02:
What socio-political contributions of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan made him a
‘saviour’ of the Muslims of Sub-continent amid British Raj? Explain your answer with
five relevant points. (10 Marks)

Answer:
Sir Syed Khan performed many feats for the Muslims of India and the people of
India. He encouraged Muslims to acquire modern Western education as this was the
source of Western expansion in the world. He established the Gulshan School at
Muradabad in 1859, the Victoria School at Ghazipur in 1863, and a Scientific Society for
Muslims in 1864. In 1870, the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental School was founded in
Aligarh, which was upgraded to a college in 1877 and then to the Aligarh Muslim
University in 1920. It was the first Muslim university in South Asia. He removed the
misunderstandings between the Muslims and the British that had arisen due to specific
events in the past. Sir Syed intensified his work to promote cooperation with the British
authorities while promoting loyalty to the Empire among Indian Muslims. Sir Syed
earned the trust and friendship of the British by saving his life during the war of
independence. He used this relationship for the betterment of Muslims. Sir Syed Ahmad
Khan was the first to introduce the sectarian theory in India that Muslims are a separate
nation. He supported a separate constituency for Muslims in 1883 and said that the
majority would override the interests of the minority. The Indian National Congress was
founded in 1885 but Sir Syed warned the Muslims against the nefarious aspirations of the
Hindus. The second factor was that it intended Muslims to avoid politics that might result
in conflict with the ruling nation. In 1888, Sir Syed founded the Patriotic Association to
meet Congress propaganda. Muslims and Hindus joined the association. He advocated
the sentiments of Muslims. Its main objective was to protect the political, religious and
social rights of Muslims.