MINI PROJECT-2 REPORT

On

EDUCATION INDUSTRY

Submitted to

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University,

LUCKNOW

For the partial fulfilment of

MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

BATCH 2021-2023

Submitted to Submitted by
Dr. Neha Verma Name Falguni Ghosh

Assistant Professor Roll No. 2108200700024

MBA II SEM

AJAY GARG INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT KUMAR

27th K.M Stone, NH—24, Delhi Hapur Bypass Road,
Adhyatmik Nagar, Ghaziabad- 201009
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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report titled EDUCATION INDUSTRY has been carried
out by Falguni Ghosh under my guidance as a part of Mini Project 2 work for MBA
at Ajay Kumar Garg Institute of Management, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.

Date: Signature
Place: Ghaziabad ………………………

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I owe my thanks to all the people who helped and supported us during writing this
report.

I thank Dr. Neha Verma ma’am for guiding me and correcting my drafts with care.
I am highly obliged for her painstaking efforts and attention to detail.

I would also thank my Institution AKGIM, Ghaziabad for supporting me with the
infrastructure without which this report would have been a distant reality.

………………………

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 Table of Content

1. Overview……………..………………………………..5
2. Structure of education industry……….…………….…6
3. Market size and growth rate…………..……………….6-7
4. Major players …………………………...…………….7-11
5. Competitive advantages…………………...…………..12
6. Industry drivers ……………………………..………...13-14
7. SWOT Analysis ………………………………………15-16
8. Pestel analysis ………………………………………...17-19
9. Porters five forces……………………………………..19-20
10.Critical issues………………………………………….20-23
11.Challenges …………………………………………….23-24
12.Trends …………………………………………………24-26
13.Emerging technologies………………………………...27-28
14.Impact of pandemic ……………………………………28-29
15.International outlook……………………………………30
16.References ……………………………………………..30

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EDUCATION INDUSTRY

OVERVIEW

The education industry comprises establishments whose primary objective is to provide education.
These establishments can be public, non-profit or for-profit institutions. They include elementary
schools, secondary schools, community colleges, universities, and ministries or departments of
education.
Other constituents of a modern education system include charter schools, online academies,
vocational centers, and corporate educational support services. The education industry plays a major
role in the economic development of both developed and developing countries. Among the many
resources that play a part in the growth of a country’s economy, human capital is perhaps the most
important.

The education industry also generates a large-scale revenues and employment.

The focus is to shape up the existing system in the changing scenario of globalization with attempts
to resolve the issue of getting trained manpower in the field of higher education for sustainable
growth and development of the nation.
Government is developing and implementing strategies that promote education and enrollment of
students in higher education. High enrollment in higher education can translate into more skilled
labor, which can provide a positive impact on a country’s GDP.
The future of education industry is promising. The education system of the future will focus on
mastery learning where students can learn at their own time and pace.

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Structure of the Indian Education System
The education sector in India comprises pre-school, primary and higher secondary education. This is
then followed by the higher education segment, which includes professional and technical education.
In addition, the segment also comprises vocational training, coaching classes, distance education
through e-learning platforms and the like. The Indian Education Sector can be broadly classified into
two categories, public sector and private sector.

MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH RATE

India has the world’s largest population in the age bracket of 5-24 years of about 500 million people,
which provides a great growth opportunity for the education sector. The education sector in India
was estimated to be worth US$ 117 billion in FY20 and is expected to reach US$ 225 billion by
FY25.

India has over 250 million school-going students, more than any other country.

Number of colleges in India reached 42,343 in FY20. As of May 17, 2021, the number of universities
in India stood at 981.

According to UNESCO’s ‘State of the Education Report for India 2021’, the Pupil Teacher Ratio
(PTR) at senior secondary schools is 47:1 as against 26:1 of the overall school system.

The Indian edtech market size is expected to reach US$ 30 billion by 2031, from US$ 700-800
million in 2021.

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According to KPMG, India has also become the second largest market for E-learning after the US.

The online education market in India is expected to grow by US$ 2.28 billion during 2021-2025,
growing at a CAGR of almost 20%. The market grew by 19.02% in India in 2021.

MAJOR PLAYERS IN INDIA

List of Education Company and Ed – Tech Companies of India

• NIIT Ltd.

• Zee Lean Ltd.

• Career Point Ltd.

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 • Byju’s

• Toppr

• Vedantu

• Unacademy

• UpGrad

and many more like these.

Brief Introduction about some Ed-Tech Companies in India

1. NIIT Ltd.

NIIT is a leading Skills and Talent Development Corporation that is building a manpower pool for
global industry requirements. The company, which was set up in 1981 to help the nascent IT industry
overcome its human resource challenges, today ranks among the world’s leading training companies
owing to its vast and comprehensive array of talent development programs.

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With a footprint in over 30 countries, NIIT offers training and development solutions to Individuals,
Enterprises and Institutions. It is in Top in the list of Education Companies in India

2. Zee Learn Ltd.

Zee Learn is India’s leading company in education segment with the fastest growing chain of K-12
schools – Mount Litera Zee School and Asia’s No 1 chain of pre-school network – Kidzee in its
portfolio. Zee Learn also runs Asia’s No. 1 chain of pre-schools, Kidzee with more than 1900+
operational pre-schools in over 750 cities across India and neighbouring countries

3. BYJU’S – Think & Learn Private Limited

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BYJU’S is a EdTech start-ups in Bangalore, which was founded by Byju Raveendran in 2011. Its
current total equity is $5.4 billion. BYJU’S has also won many awards like CRISIL Emerging India
Award and Deloitte Technology Fast 50 Award, and is available on Android and iOS platform.
BYJU’S Classes is a learning app that provides coaching for competitive entrance exams like IIT-
JEE, CAT, UPSC, GMAT, GRE, Engineering & Medical, and supplement courses of grades 6th to
12th. After the use of BYJU’S app, 93% of parents reported a marked improvement in their children’s
performance in grades, according to the company.

4.Vedantu – Vedantu Innovation Private Limited

Vedantu is India’s leading Online tutoring company which enables students to learn LIVE with some
of India’s best-curated teachers. Vedantu’s USP is its quality of teachers. Vedantu is founded by
IITian friends who have been teachers themselves with over 13 years of teaching experience and
having taught over 10,000 students. Vedantu’s founders VMSI Krishna, Anand Prakash, and Pulkit
Jian did their first venture in education, Lakshya, in 2006 which later got acquired by a listed
company called MT Educare (Mahesh Tutorials) in 2012. As part of Lakshya, the founders taught
and mentored more than 10,000 students and trained more than 200 teachers between them.

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5.Unacademy - Sorting Hat Technologies Private Limited

Unacademy is an EdTech companies in Bangalore which has online learning marketplace for
courses which was founded by Heemash Singh, Sachin Gupta and Gaurav Munjal. The YouTube
channel was shifted to an online learning platform in 2015.
Unacademy has a goal of providing all the education in the world for free and it has ventured into
numerous fields like Banking, CA, CAPF, UPSC, CLAT, CAT, JEE, Pre-Medical and more. Their
majority of the business model runs on the Plus Subscription feature on their platform.

6.UpGrad – UpGrad Education Private Limited

UpGrad is an online EdTech platform that provides higher education programs. They provide an
immersive learning experience with the latest technology and well-designed courses. UpGrad was
founded in 2015 by Ronnie Screwvala, Mayank Kumar, Phalgum Komapalli and RavijotChugh.
UpGrad began in 2015 with the conviction that in an ever-changing industry, professionals need to
continuously upskill themselves in order to stay relevant. India’s largest online programs to help
thousands of professionals achieve their career goals in the areas of data technology, and
management.

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Competitive Advantages in the Education industry

For educational institutions to experience continued survival and development they have to leverage
several competitive advantages in the education industry. These are factors that if implemented
strategically can change how teaching, learning, and related support structures are designed.

• Information technology: The effective use of information technology in its various forms is
well placed to assist educational institutions to gain a competitive advantage in the education
industry. Instructors are now able to lecture, give assignments, and conduct tests through the
internet. Technology is also providing the means and infrastructure for administering and
delivering education services on an international level. Sustainability in the education
industry will be determined by how well consumers, workers, and institutions embrace and
leverage information technology.

• Location: The location of educational institutions provides a sustainable competitive

advantage that might influence revenues and future prospect of growth. Location determines
the ability of an institution to attract more students and prominent staff. For instance, the
proximity of an institution to a city center can influence a students’ university choice
decision. It is presumed that city centers are served by well-established public transit routes
and offer more employment opportunities. Additionally, if an institution is close to a housing
estate, that will act as a competitive advantage for them.

• Governmental and non-governmental funding: Students receive extensive governmental

and non-governmental funding through loans, grants, and scholarships. Education
institutions, on the other hand, obtain financing for projects and curriculum development
from the government. Corporates too provide funds to universities in exchange for a skilled
workforce and research projects performed by the universities. There is a growing need for
accountability on how these funds are put into use. Using the funds to implement educational
projects that help produce graduates with employable skills can provide a competitive
advantage for educational institutions.

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INDUSTRY DRIVERS

The Education industry is dependent on the forces of demand and supply. These two forces drive
the growth of the education industry. The education industry has the following key business drivers:

The demand drivers of the education sector include:

Household Disposable Income/ Cost of Education

Household disposable income is the amount of income left to an individual household after taxes
have been paid, available for spending and saving. People with higher disposable income opt for
expensive educational institutions like international schools, world schools, etc. It’s a well-
researched conclusion that cost is a big constraint associated with school attendance, thus lower the
cost of education, the higher is the literacy rate. If the cost of education is high in a country, fewer
people can afford it, if the cost is average more people enroll in the system.

Cultural Mindset:

Since the demand for schooling is often influenced by economic, political, social, and cultural
factors, in many cases it is not sufficient merely for a school to exist in order for parents to enroll
children in schools. Even free education may not entice poor families. Cultural mindset plays an
important role here and refers to the awareness amongst people for the need of education. For
example, female education is not given due importance in remote areas. Even the level of parental
education is a key determinant of their children’s educational attainment.

Government Boost:

This refers to the role played by the government to boost education amongst masses by offering
incentives, awareness programs, free female education, education grants, education loans at minimal
interest rates, etc. Governments around the world spend significant resources on education. Some of
the factors that drive the education industry with respect to government boost are; how much is spent
on education and what is the share of the government's expenditure, how governments finance the
education sector and what do they finance, and if the spending is adequate and sustainable.

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The supply drivers of the education industry include:

Availability of Qualified Workforce:

Establishing a strong education system requires the availability of a qualified workforce who can
impart quality education to the people. It is useful to combine with quality interventions such as
compensatory education, teacher training, or female empowerment, among other interventions.

Educational Infrastructure:

To accommodate the school-going population, it requires a strong educational infrastructure in order

to keep pace with the developing economy/population and provide it with quality manpower.
Education can accelerate economic growth and investment is a key indicator to expand and improve
the quality of education. Thus, education requires an investment in creating educational
infrastructure, which can lead to good quality education. Huge investments are required to establish
rich infrastructures. With the help of government funding, it becomes easier to build affordable
education centers.

Globalization of Education:

International trade in higher education services has grown rapidly in recent years in a variety of
forms. Globalization has had a profound effect on the world's economies. But it's also had a
significant impact on the education industry.

Societal Benefits:

Education contributes to social benefits, such as consumers that are more informed, technological
progress, better health outcomes, and so on. Education is also important to economic growth and
poverty reduction and contributes to the reduction of child labor, increased educational attainment,
and improved health and nutrition for the poor. The implication is clear that increasing the
accumulation of education by the poor will increase their incomes and well-being. Therefore, the
social benefits of education have a direct relation with macro future earnings gains and when more
people are consistently employed, the need for national support programs decreases.

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SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths

➢ Responsible for creation of large human resources

➢ Presence of government run initiatives and NGO’s have provided a strong base system

➢ New education reforms has made education more lucrative.

➢ Millions of teachers are working on full time basis

➢ The education policy has strenghtned the foundation of education by re-envisioning the
school curriculum from the 10+2 model to 5+3+3+4 for the holistic development of child.

Weakness

➢ Heavy dependence on government funding

➢ Political interference in the university administration

➢ Lack of market orientation in designing curriculum

➢ Inadequate collaboration among professional organizations

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Opportunities

➢ Inflow of foreign students resulting in huge revenues

➢ Increased competition resulting in improved efficiency and quality

➢ Many opportunities in the EduTech ecosystem

➢ FDI in education is helping the students to get education at cheaper cost

➢ To liberalize the sector, the Government has taken initiatives such as the National
Accreditation Regulatory Authority Bill for Higher Educational and the Foreign Educational
Institutions Bill.

Threats

➢ Private institutions may not involve in social responsibilities

➢ Marketing techniques by universities may promote courses which are irrelevant to students

➢ High growth in number of colleges may focus on profit rather than quality education

➢ Donation on admission process

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PESTLE ANALYSIS

POLITICAL FACTORS

Political factors play an important role in the education system of the economy as the government
sets the rules, strategies, regulations, and other educational policies, which are private and public
institutions. it is the government that decides the minimum education or skills required to be a teacher
or a tutor. Curriculum changes are approved but the government according to the limit.

ECONOMIC FACTORS

Numerous economic factors affect educational industry in any country. Many students are forced to
take student loans for further studies. This a negative point since many students have to start their
careers with setbacks. Many students are unable to repay their debts and hence getting higher
education becomes less attractive option. A high unemployment rate also discourages to get high
paying jobs. Due to shortage of jobs in the economy, a good degree holder has to sometimes work a
less paying job.

SOCIAL FACTORS

This factor plays an integral role in the education industry. As the birth rate declines which reflects
the national trends, hence more young students enter the mainstream. Changes in the local population
help in increasing or decreasing the number of students, as many people prefer to study in foreign
countries. Universities providing scholarships and marketing themselves on social media helps to
attract students globally.

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TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS

Technology is integrated into every sector of education industry. Educators use other modes of
delivery to teach and communication apart from the classroom. With digital technologies such as
live streaming, online classes a video conferencing. Nowadays because of pandemic most of the
institutions globally shifted to online learning, many Edu tech companies are providing fastest
tablets, laptops or mobile devices for the ease of students.

LEGAL FACTORS

There are different rules and regulations that affect the education industry. New legislation may
create risks of non-compliance with the law, create new administrative burdens etc. Changes to child
protection legislation.

The four most important online legal issues:

1. Student records – protecting students’ information;

2. Safety – for yourself and your students;

3. Copyright – making sure class materials are legally used and distributed; and

4. Appropriate treatment of students.

➢ Health & safety legislation

➢ 100% FDI under automatic route is allowed in the Indian education sector.

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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

Many developed counties are experiencing a digital and eco-friendly revolution, which helps them
to reduce the commute, hence this will protect the country with less pollution as compared to before.
However, this change will need the cultures to be more potential for adopting this method of working.
The use of private and public transport and parking facilities is becoming a problem as the sector is
dominated by, the city-center campuses, thus a large number of students and staff re expected to
commute. Moreover, due to pandemic most countries have shifted their education system to online
learning, this helps the economy to protect the environment.

PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS

1. Supplier power: Suppliers are aplenty and have little or no bargaining power, be it school
books, furniture, stationery or other peripherals. But there is one major component which
makes or break a school it’s the quality of teachers. What separates a good school from an
excellent school is the quality of teachers and their experience. Ability to attract and retain
the best available talent is what makes or breaks the school’s reputation. A good school with
superb infrastructure will not be able to churn out an excellent product if teacher employed
is not dexterous enough.

2. Buyer power: There are only limited number of schools which are offering quality education
whereas the number of buyers who want to buy this quality education is ever increasing.
There is a huge upside potential to increase the prices in this case fees. Even though there
have been numerous agitations but still there is only one direction where fee is headed, north.
This is the most alluring part of this industry. Burgeoning middle class who have high
disposable income and also willingness to pay. This is one of the most important factor which
makes the industry attractive for a new comer.

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 3. Competitive rivalry: This is a highly fragmented industry where established players have a
huge experiential advantage. In this industry experience in running a school and proven track
read is of paramount importance There is always a fight for supremacy as each school wants
to attract the best talent but this is not such a strong a force which can deter new entrant as
there is a consumer surplus and supply constraint.

4. Threat of substitution. Lot of open schools are coming up. At the same time there are
coaching centers and online e-learning which are mushrooming but these are all
complementary in nature. As the education industry grows number of substitutes will also
continue to grow along with the industry but schooling industry has relatively remained
unaffected by these substitutes.

5. Threat of new entry. As this industry is profitable for established players and number of
buyers is ever increasing, there are very few barriers to entry and government policy is also
encouraging so there is a scope for new players to enter. But a new player entering into the
market should have deep pockets as existing customers will go only to the established brand
and also existing brands have the best resource to attract teachers. The existing players are
strengthening their positions by opening new branches. To get the best teachers new entrant
will have to hire experienced personal as they are the ones who can make this venture
profitable.

CRITICAL ISSUES

1. Current Education System Falters in the Light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution

While the world is teeming with industrial disruptions and every day brings some new
technological advancement, the education system suffers from obsolete methodologies and
education content.

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Industry experts suggest that we need to focus on three E’s – Education, Entrepreneurship, and
Employment; along with the three R’s – Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic.

All the benefits from the Fourth Industrial Revolution stem from broad skill sets that take a long
time to be acquired in the current education system.

2. Boredom and Mundane Nature of Teaching

Studies reveal that one out of three teens in America are bored most or all the time in school.
Further, 80% of the students feel stressed and 34% feel depressed. And all these issues can find
their roots in boredom and the mundane nature of teaching.

What makes the entire scenario gloomier is the fact that the evaluation procedure for the students
continues to be the same for ages. The students who are unable to write fast, or describe things or
events properly lag in terms of score.

However, eventually, these scores carry no paramount significance in the advanced stages of a
career, as most exams tend to be objective in nature. Hence, there is a dire need for proper and
modern evaluation and testing procedures that focus on gauging the actual learning a student has
acquired.

3. Technical Issues

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown multiple technology challenges the education sector is
suffering from. From teachers grappling with the basic controls of online collaboration software,
to the ones that face a tough time in sharing or creating digital files, there is a whole other stratum
of challenges that still need to be addressed.

4.Lack of Personalized Learning

Judging every student via a single exam is no longer relevant; especially when the objective
examination process is gaining popularity across the entire globe. Also, there is a lack of
technologies that can help teachers impart personalized learning, in a limited period of one class.

Hence, there is a grave need for personalization in education.

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5. Expensive Modern Technology Infrastructure

Adopting EdTech is easier but facilitating funds for mass adoption is certainly a daunting task.
Further, most of the modern technological infrastructure is out of the budget of a majority of
educational institutions.

A recent report revealed that 37% of the teachers in various institutions have taken it upon
themselves to facilitate EdTech for their students. They get whatever equipment t hey feel is
important by spending money out of their own pockets.

6. Virtual Classroom Engagement

During the pandemic, online classes became a compulsion, instead of an option and they are now
going to be a new normal in the education sector.

However, there is no way to gauge the student engagement in the virtual classroom because:

• Student to teacher ratio is high

• Limited class time
• Lack of proper monitoring metrics in the virtual classroom
• Students can cite network issues as the cause of switching the camera off

Further, there is no proper monitoring when it comes to online tests and exams. Teachers cannot
explain things as easily as they can do in the classes with the help of the board and actual activities.

7. Quality of Education

There are no standardized means and metrics to measure the quality of education at any level.
Students also don’t have any right to decide the quality of education that is being imparted to them.

Teachers don’t have to adhere to any KPIs and don’t have to take any assessments for getting tested
regularly for skills and knowledge.

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12.Costly higher education

College and specialized institutions have turned out to be expensive in India. The expense structure
of specific and able institutions. Privatization of advanced education has helped the development of
benefit greedy business people. Now advanced education is a much expensive undertaking.

CHALLENGES

1. High- dropout rates

The other major challenge in the education system is the high dropout rate in public schools or
government schools. It is all due to several factors such as poverty, lack of toilets, long distance to
school, child marriages, patriarchal mindset, and cultural factors.

2. Poor governance and lack of responsibility

Another problem of our education is the absence of teachers in government schools. Further, poor
management in these schools is also another major problem as these school management committees
are barely functional. Also, the parents are oblivious of their rights and do not know whom to address
in such conditions.

3. Lack of infrastructure

One of the major challenges faced by public schools is the lack of drinking water facilities, electricity,
toilets, and poor hygiene, etc.

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4. Quality of teachers

Lack of trained and skilled teachers is another problem mostly faced by our education system.
Besides the lack of skilled teachers, they are also burdened with a non-academic workload which
diverges their focus from teaching. Thus, according to a study by the National Institute of Education
Planning and Administration (NIEPA) the teachers only spend around 19per percent of their time in
teaching while their rest of the time is filled mostly on non-teaching administrative work.

5. Closure of Schools

Due to the low strength of students and lack of teachers many government schools are closed. This
is due to the competitions raised by private schools.

6. Corruption and leakages of funds

Most of the funds which are granted for the advancement of schools are mostly consumed by corrupt
mediators. As these funds transferred from central government to state government to schools
involve many intermediaries. Due to which a right beneficiary only gets a certain part of the fund.

TRENDS IN EDUCATION INDUSTRY

1.Personalised Learning: Over years researchers have proved that each child has a unique learning
style. Some children are auditory learners, while some are visual learners etc. focusing on individual
learning styles will help hone their talent and make them strong individuals. Hence schools should
start shifting their focus towards personalizing education for each child. Institutions are going an
extra mile to ensure industry-best student-teacher ratios to enhance personalized learning.

2.Franchising in the Education Sector: Over the last decades, there has been an influx of a lot of
standalone schools and preschools however people have realized that running a single/ stand along
institution is way more tedious and they have started looking for organizations that offer a much

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more structured and ready-to-execute approach through brands offering school & preschool
franchising. On the other hand, Institutions that have a strong setup have realized the need to take
quality education far and wide in the country or across borders to increase our literacy levels and
Franchising is one alternative to achieve that. Private players are now stepping into this space to
multiply opportunities for growth.

3.Integrated Learning: In the past generations went through what we call ‘rote learning’, subjects
were taught in isolation with not much focus on ‘actual understanding of concepts and topics’ rather
memorization of topics and subjects. It has been noticed that this style of teaching does not help in
understanding the concept being taught and a child only retains the information till the examination
lasts. However, when various subjects are integrated to teach certain concepts, the child understands
and retains the information for a longer duration.

4.Flipped Classrooms: Teaching young brains is an art, children retain more when learning is fun
and stress-free. Flipped classrooms are one means of taking learning outside of the traditional
classroom setup always helps. Students are introduced to content at home and practice working
through it at school. This is facilitated by teachers sharing resource links, pre-recorded videos,
YouTube videos about the subject/ topics are shared with students as pre-reads. And the practice or
the actual work on the subject happens in the classroom through discussions, assignments that the
class does once at school. This is the reverse of the more common practice of introducing new content
at school, then assigning homework and projects to complete by the students independently at home.

5.Adapting to New Technological Advancements: Virtual Reality immerses the user in a virtual
or imaginary environment. Immersive educational environments are already being used to provide
learners with a life-like experience in subjects as diverse as history and chemistry. For example,
Google Expeditions - visiting a museum, zoo through VR while sitting in class. Learning about
geography and viewing different landscapes without actually stepping outdoors.

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Gamification in Learning is another technological advancement to look out for. Children learn
various concepts with the help of games. Instead of traditional rote learning, using video games and
incorporating other game elements in education can motivate students to understand better and do
well in their exams.

6.Remote Classrooms: Students can now do courses from their desired university whether in India
or abroad. Technology has helped to bring classrooms to our living rooms. Thereby giving all
students an equal opportunity to learn and grow in their careers.

7.Using Technology to Enhance Learning: Technology is now a necessity and children born in the
21st-century experience it from the time they are born. It is difficult to keep children away from it,
the best way to use technology is to adapt it and use it to enhance a child’s learning experience.
Today various schools and private players have developed apps where children can access games,
activities, audios, and books related to what they are learning in class for a deeper understanding.

8.The rise of online academies: Online academies are becoming popular because of the real-time
and interactive atmosphere which they provide. While leveraging available interactive multimedia
technologies like live-streaming and video-conferencing, students can now complete their courses
entirely online. Students and teachers/lecturers interact and hold discussions in a classroom-like
environment over the internet. Universities aren’t being left behind and more and more online
programs and distance learning models are being established. They are even offering online courses
to foreign students, right in their home countries. Lecturers are offering customized courses and
students can learn and take exams entirely online. In this digital world, global competition amongst
universities and now online academies will continue to increase.

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EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

1.Augmented reality
The use of augmented reality visual content can catch student’s attention. It ensures the engagement
and interaction of the students in lessons, as they are seeing and experiencing what they are learning.
Teachers can use augmented reality to teach abstract and complex concepts because it helps students
to visually see complex 3D models rather than imagining it in mind.

2.Artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence is one of the most discussed topics in the educational industry. artificial
intelligence is playing a pivotal role in the current educational system.

3.Student data privacy and security

Student data privacy and cyber security is also a must known topic that every educator and school
should aware of. In the era of online education, the student data should be handled safely.

4.Internet of things (IOT)

In layman’s terms internet of things is taking all the things in the real world (for ex: a light bulb, a
car or any material thing) and connecting them to the Internet. IOT helps to create a global network
among educators and students. This helps both students and teachers to interact with their peers
worldwide.

5.Learning Management systems

A learning management system is a software that is used to deliver courses or training programs for
students. It helps to manage the courses efficiently. By using an LMS, anybody can create, change
and assign courses for students. Learning management system gives an alternate platform for
students and teachers to learn and teach.

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6.Cloud computing
Cloud computing is simply the group of computing resources located at various places in the world.
The system can be shared and accessed from anywhere in the world. By implementing cloud
computing technologies, schools can overcome all the shortcomings and keep up a unified
framework where every one of the powers can check the education framework from every single
angle and proceed with screen and guide the framework.

7.Mobile learning
Mobile learning or M-Learning is the method of learning through your personal mobile devices such
as smartphones, tablets or even a laptop. The study materials are either downloaded into the device
or accessed online. Mobile learning allows flexibility, allowing students access to education
anywhere, anytime.

8.Virtual and remote laboratories

Virtual laboratories are web applications that emulate the operations of real laboratories. Virtual
laboratories can be accessed anywhere without the need for a physical system, and it enables

students to practice in a “safe” environment before using real, physical components.

IMPACT OF PANDEMIC

In order to control the spread of the novel coronavirus, state governments started the closure of
schools and colleges across the country. It was somewhere announced in the second week of March
as a temporary measure to avoid the crowd. Initially, for a month closure of schools was announced
by the government but gradually the time of closure was extended and it is uncertain when they will
reopen. During this period, there are various activities take place which are very crucial such as
competitive exams and entrance tests of various universities, board examination and semester
examinations in universities, nursery school admissions as well as admission process in universities.
In order to stop the outbreak of COVID-19, no immediate solution is found out. In India, the closure
of school and university will not only have a short-term impact on the continuity of learning of young
learners but it will have a large effect on the economic growth of the country as well as having large
effect on the society.

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The worldwide lockdowns because of the global pandemic have affected many important sectors
adversely, one of them is the education sector.

1. The pandemic forces schools, colleges and universities to shut abruptly which exposed
students to online learning.

2. The changes of classroom to digital learning at the outbreak of pandemic disturbed the
learning of children in low-income areas around the world. The families who could not afford
smart-phones, wi-fi, computers or laptops were at immediate disadvantage.

3. The parents, many of whom lacked the skills of becoming a home-teacher now had to take
up the job suddenly.

4. Internet connectivity issues, limited data, lack of resources are the three main challenges to
online learning for school children.

5. As the method changes to digital learning and virtual classrooms, the main question here is
that if students are actually learning anything.

6. The changes in methods of learning have advised us to move to methods that have never been
taken up before, it is giving us a chance to change and experience exposure.

7. During the initial period, the institutions were confused because they had no idea how to
proceed but gradually, they developed the digital infrastructure and the study pattern started
to settle.

8. During the pandemic the situation most of the students preferred was open and distance
learning mode as it encourages self-learning and providing opportunities to learn from diverse
resources and customized learning as per their needs.

9. Most of the recruitment got hampered because of the pandemic. Placements for students was
also affected.

10. Many pass out students lost important job opportunities and many students and job workers
had to return home from overseas because of the pandemic therefore disrupting their work.

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INTERNATIONAL OUTLOOK
India holds an important place in the global education industry. India has one of the largest networks
of higher education institutions in the world. However, there is still a lot of potential for further
development and improvement in the education system. With almost 27% of India’s population in
the age group of 0-14 years, India’s education sector provides numerous opportunities for growth.
The international education trade market is becoming an increasingly important part of international
service trade. Education resources are distributed internationally, and exchanges and cooperation of
education among different nations are becoming increasingly frequent. The international education
trade market is becoming an increasingly important part of international service trade. Education
resources are distributed internationally, and exchanges and cooperation of education among
different nations are becoming increasingly frequent.

REFERENCES
https://www.ibef.org/industry/education-sector-india
https://freepestelanalysis.com/pestel-analysis-of-the-education-industry/
https://www.predictiveanalyticstoday.com/what-is-education-industry/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281896754_International_Education_Point_of_View
https://indiancompanies.in/top-19-education-companies-in-india/
https://eduxpert.in/artificial-intelligence-education/
https://www.fatbit.com/fab/opportunities-in-online-learning-business/

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