FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

DEPARTMENT OF SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM) PERLIS BRANCH

DIPLOMA IN GEOMATIC SCIENCE

OCTOBER 2020 – JANUARY 2021

AP120: FACULTY ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

FIELD WORK REPORT

DIGITIZING REPORT – GLS 280

GROUP

RAP1204A
 PREPARED BY

1. Muhammad Farish Danial Bin Mohd Sham (2019280626)

2. Danial Afiq Bin Norazli (2019246164)
3. Norhakimi Bin Norakmal (2019407254)
4. Muhammad Ammar Al-Rushdi Bin Ismail (2019267244)

PREPARED FOR

Dr. Rohayu Haron Narashid

DATE OF SUBMISSION

30 June 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE .......................................................................................... 2

TERMS USED IN LABORATORY EXERCISE .......................................................................... 3

LIST OF TASKS ............................................................................................................................ 6

METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................................... 7

RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................... 15

EXPERIENCE ELABORATION DURING LABORATORY WORK....................................... 20

ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................... 21

CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 22

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 23

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INTRODUCTION

ArcGIS is a geographic information system (GIS) programme developed and

maintained by Esri, a corporation located in the United States. ArcMap is a major element of the
ArcGIS EsG geospatial processing software. ArcMap is an application for accessing, managing,
producing, and analysing geographical data. ArcMap allows users to analyze data in a data sets,
describe specific features, and generate maps in two dimensions, or 2D.

OBJECTIVE

There is a target or objective to anything that happens in this world. Similar to

this lab practical, it has various objectives to achieve. The objectives of this lab practical are:

➢ To practice using ArcMap software practically.

➢ To digitize all the features accurately.

➢ To know more the functions in ArcMap software.

➢ To produce two dimentional map using ArcMap.

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TERM USED IN LAB EXERCISE

There are many new terms that came out to light while doing these lab exercise for the
past weeks and each of the term has their own purpose and meaning. Those term is used mainly
in GIS type software such as ArcMap, ArcGis and much more software. Every term that is used
during the lab exercise helps to make the final product. Below is the list of the term and their
uses:

• Control Point:
Control point is usually located at the corner of a parcel or on a map that is not
georeferenced yet. This is done to accurately georeferenced the parcels or map to the
surface of the earth using a coordinate-based cadastral system.

• Layer:
Layer is the collections of geographic data. Data source is used as the main reference for
layer and data is define as spatial. The properties and attribute of the data shows how the
layer will be drawn on to a map. There can be various layer for various data, and each of
the layer may be represented by a line, shape(polygon), points and surfaces.

• Buffer:
Buffer is the rings down around features at a specified distance from the features. Buffer
is used to create offsets around the line. The distance of buffer can be seen as fixed value
or as a field containing numeric values.

• Attribute Table:

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 Attribute table is used to define an attribute table to symbolize a single-band mosaic
dataset or raster dataset. Attribute table is useful to present imagery that has a specific
classification of land use. When the table contains fields name, then the values within
those fields will be used to color the map when rendering the image.

• Table Of Content:
Every layer on the map will be listed in the table of contents and it will show every
feature that is represent by each layer.

• Catalog:
Catalog window is used to organize and manage various types of geographic information
as logical collections.

• Feature Class:
Feature class gather various features that have the same type of geometry such as; line,
point, polygon or annotation. Feature class can be stored with other feature classes in a
feature dataset in a geodatabase or as a stand-alone feature class in a geodatabase. It can
also be saved as a shapefile.

• Editor Toolbar:
Editor toolbars have various commands that is needed to edit data. Using the editor
toolbar it is possible to start and stop an edit session. Editor toolbar is useful to access
variety of tools and commands to create new features and modify the existing ones and
save the edit that have been made.

• Save and Exit Function:

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Using the save function the current project path can be change to a more easily found
one. It also can save the project into a document that is easy for others to open using their
own ArcGIS software.

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LIST OF TASKS

DATA
GEOFERENCING
COLLECTION

EDITING DIGITIZING

PRODUCE
ATTRIBUTE
TOPOGRAPHIC
DATA ENTRY
MAP

6
METHODOLOGY

• DATA COLLECTION
All the data are given for group 1. Inside a file that concludes many file such as .jpg , .mxd, .shx ,
.dbf and etc. All the files will be used during the process of georeferencing and digitizing.

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 • GEOREFERENCING

The process of georeferencing is begun by using ArcMap by adding XY Data and add .txt file as
conclude inside the file given. Find Projected Coordinate System in edit option and find National
Grid. Then, search options for Malaysia and Singapore and select Kertau RSO (meters).

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Add .jpg file also conclude inside the file given. Right-click on ArcMap and select for
georeferencing option. Then, select fit to display.

After that, zoom in at the intersection point and click the add control point option. Then, click at
the intersection line and drag to the control point. Repeat all 4 control points.

Lastly, right-click at the .txt and select Data. Then, export the data and save it.

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 • DIGITIZING

Add base map to the viewer. Create new folder and personal database in Catalog by right click at
correspondence folder or directory. Click New- New Folder-rename the folder. At your folder –
right click – new –Personal Geodatabase – rename the file.

At personal geodatabase – right click – feature dataset- type feature dataset name. Set projection
– RSO – others as default. Right click at feature dataset-feature class- name your feature class
based on the standard cod for GIS layer.

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Fill in new field name at New Feature Class and choose type of features based on features
characteristics. Then add attribute field for the features.

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 • EDITING

To start drawing go main menu – editor – start editing

Click at Create Features button – choose feature to digitize. E.g. Road – choose Line
(Construction Tools)

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Start drawing on the base map by using selected construction tools. Repeat above step for
diferent features type. For example, Building (Polygon) and River (Line). To stop drawing, at
Editor – click at Stop Drawing and click Save Edits. Name your attribute. Prepare map layout for
the topographic map

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 • ATTRIBUTE DATA ENTRY

For the attribute data are done in SQL. It can be finding the location, area and quantity of the
feature by typing or create in a form of question. The feature will be highlight and tells the
answer. It makes the job faster and easier for the user managing the map.

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RESULTS
INDIVIDUAL RESULTS

i. Muhammad Farish Danial Bin Mohd Sham

-RAILROAD
-RIVER
-FIELD
-POND

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ii. Danial Afiq bin Norazli
-BUILDING

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iii. Norhakimi bin Norakmal
-ROAD

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iv. Muhammad Ammar Al-Rushdi Bin Ismail
-Countours

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OVERLAY RESULT

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EXPERIENCE ELABORATION DURING LABORATORY WORK

i. Muhammad Farish Danial bin Mohd Sham

During this laboratory work, I have learned mainly on how to digitize a map, It needs to
cover the whole map, from the simpliest pond up until the biggest contours. So far I haven’t
met with any problem during the laboratory process.

ii. Danial Afiq bin Norazli

During working my way through these lab exercises, I found myself gaining new skill and
new information. Before doing these lab task I don't know how to use ArcGIS software and it
uses. But after doing these lab exercise with the help of my fellow teammates and with the
guidance of our lecturer Madam Rohayu I can say with confidence that I can uses ArcGIS
smoothly

iii. Norhakimi bin Norakmal

A lot of new things I have learned about ArcGIS, I learned the basics of ArcGIS about how
certain function does. I specify how thorough all the functions in ArcGIS. I conclude
studying remote sensing plays a big role in the GPS. It's important to make sure to put all the
information needed inside it.

iv. Muhammad Ammar Al-Rushdi Bin Ismail

During this lab practical, my teammates and I used an application called ArcMap which is in
ArcGIS software. My first impression of the application is that it is really interesting and has
very useful functions in the field of GIS. Surprisingly, I find this application challenging to
use. Fortunately, this problem is controllable with the assistance of beloved lecturers who
provide extensive guidance in the usage of this application. Dr. Rohayu Haron Narashid is
the lecturer I'm referring to. My teammates were not far behind in offering assistance. At the
end of this lab practical, I had a clear understanding of the ArcMap application's purpose in
the field of GIS and was able to use it effectively.

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ANALYSIS

From the project, each of us learned that digitizing is not a task that should be taken
lightly. There are lots of procedures that need to be follow in order to obtain a valid final
produce. If taken lightly the results may vary from a lot of errors or straight up unacceptable for
the final product

Firstly, Georeferencing. This task consist of using a specific coordinate in one map
before the digitize work. If we do any mistake from this part, the rest will be non valid as final
digitizing work. It is because if we carelessly put any numbers, the map’s coordinates will not be
produced and as the results will be uknown coordinates. Aside from that, map information during
entering attribute data need to be focus and include a perfect or near accurate information
because it will affect symbology.

After that, digitizing is a handful work. In order to fully manage everyone’s time,
segregate the work will be the best option. By picking the lowest RSMO Error map, that map
will be use in the digitizing project. Each one of the group members will create digitizing
product from each part in the map. For example the first person will handle the contours, the
others will be focus on the road, buildings, and so on.

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CONCLUSION

In the end, one of the important things learn is digitizing is a handful work and segregate
the work is the best option if one is handling the task as a team. In this project we are only given
with a simple map but digitizing is not as easy as it looks. If we do got our hand on the whole
district map or bigger, that is where digitizing will be a hard task to accomplish.

The patience and hardwork from each group member during participating in this
assignment should be commended because this project could not be completed without the
participation of all group members. After finishing this project, we learned a lot of valuable
insights. We will not be able to accomplish this task without the assistance of the instructor
therefore we want to say our utmost gratitude to our lecturer for teaching us on how to handle
this project.

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REFERENCE

1. (http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.3/index.cfm?TopicName=Understanding_contr
ol_points#:~:text=Control%20points%20are%20the%20key,of%20the%20parcel%20poi
nt%20coordinates.)
2. (https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/help/mapping/layer-
properties/layers.htm#:~:text=In%20ArcGIS%2C%20layers%20are%20collections,(poly
gons)%2C%20or%20surfaces.)
3. (https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/tools/analysis-toolbox/how-buffer-analysis-
works.htm)
4. (https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/manage-data/raster-and-images/attribute-
table-function.htm)
5. (https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/latest/extensions/arcreader/table-of-contents-data-
frames-and-layers.htm)
6. (https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/map/working-with-arcmap/what-is-the-
catalog-window-
.htm#:~:text=ArcGIS%20applications%20include%20a%20Catalog,you%20work%20wit
h%20in%20ArcGIS.&text=Record%2C%20view%2C%20and%20manage%20datasets%
20and%20ArcGIS%20documents.)
7. (https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/data-management/an-overview-
of-the-feature-class-
toolset.htm#:~:text=A%20feature%20class%20is%20a,be%20stored%20in%20a%20sha
pefile.)
8. (https://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/10.3/manage-data/editing/a-quick-tour-of-
editing.htm)

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