Physics IGCSE Formula

ρ(rho) = density (kg/m3

or g/cm3)
Density m = mass (kg or g) s-t graph Area under s-t graph = distance Area of trapezium =1/2× (a+b)×h
V = volume (m3 or cm3) a and b are parallel sides

Constant Speed S = speed (m/s) P = pressure (Pa=Pascal or N/m2)

Pressure
(only) D = distance (m) F = force (N)
t = time (s) A = area (m2)

Pressure in ρ = density (kg/m3)

Average speed = (u + v)/2 liquid g = gravity = 10 m/s2
Average speed
u = initial speed (m/s) h = height or depth (m)
v = final speed (m/s)
P = pressure(Pa)
Boyle’s law
a = acceleration (m/s2) V = volume(m3)
Acceleration u = initial velocity (m/s)
v = final velocity (m/s)
V = volume(m3)
Charles’ law
T = temperature(K=Kelvin)
Newton’s 2nd F = force (N)
law m = mass(kg)
a = acceleration (m/s2) P = pressure(Pa)
Pressure law
T = temperature(K)
W = weight (N)
Weight
g = gravity (m/s2) = 10 m/s2 P = pressure(Pa)
m = mass (kg) T = temperature(K)
Gas law
V = volume(m3)
F = Force (N)
Moment
d = perpendicular distance from W = work done (J=joule)
pivot (m or cm) F = force(N)
Work done
d = distance moved in direction of
principle of force (m)
moment
Q = heat energy(J)
Specific Heat
p = momentum (kgm/s) m = mass(kg)
capacity
m = mass (kg) c = specific heat capacity(J/kg C°)
Momentum ΔT = change in temperature (C°)
v = velocity (m/s)

I = Impulse (Ns or kgm/s) Q = heat energy (J)

m = mass (kg) Specific Latent
m = mass(kg)
Impulse u = initial velocity (m/s) heat
L = specific latent heat (J/kg)
v = final velocity (m/s)
F = Force (N) Thermal Q = heat energy(J)
t = time (s) Capacity C = Thermal capacity(J/C°)
ΔT = change in temperature (C°)
D-t graph Gradient of D-t graph = speed
GPE = gravitational potential
Gravitational energy (J)
s-t graph Gradient of s-t graph = acceleration potential energy g = gravity (10 m/s2)
h = height (m)
 Physics IGCSE CIE Formula

KE = kinetic energy(J)
P = Power (W or J/s)
Kinetic energy m = mass(kg)
V = Voltage (V)
v = velocity(m/s)
Electrical Power I = Current (A)
R = Resistance (Ω)
P=power (W=Watt or J/s)
Power t = time (s)
E = energy or Work done(J)
t = time(s) Combine
resistance in
Eout = useful energy output (J) series circuit
Efficiency Ein = energy input(J)
Pout = power output(W) Don’t forget to flip it back.
Pin = power input(W) Combine
For 2 resistors
resistance in
f = frequency(Hz=hertz) parallel circuit
Frequency
T = time period(s)
n1 = no. of turns in primary
v = velocity of wave (m/s) n2 = no. of turns in secondary
Wave equation f = frequency (Hz) Transformer
V1 = voltage input
λ(lambda) = wavelength (m) V2 = voltage output

n1 = refractive index in medium 1

Refractive index n2 = refractive index in medium 2 I1 = current input(A)
(no unit) θ i= angle of incidence Transformer I2 = current output(A)
θr = angle of refraction (Efficiency V1 = voltage input(V)
refractive index in air = 1 100%) V2 = voltage output(V)

Refractive index speed of light in vacuum = 3×108

(n) m/s ≈ in air

θc = critical angle
Critical angle
n = refractive index

I = current (A or C/s)
Current (I) Q = charge (C=coulomb)
t = time (s)

V = voltage or Potential Difference

Voltage or (V or J/V)
Potential E = energy (J)
Difference (V) Q = charge (C)

V = voltage(V)
Ohm’s law
I = current(A)
R = resistance (Ω = Ohm)