GENERAL ZOOLOGY

FINAL
EXAMINATION

ANIMAL PHYLA
ULYSSES CABRERA
REYNAN ROYO
RONALYN CAINDOY
VIDEO
 Question By : Reynan Royo Answered By: Ronalyn Caindoy
What animal phyla that is open and close circulatory
system?

Open circulatory system - Phylum anthropoda and mollusca have an open circulatory system. In an
open system, an elongated beating heart pushes the hemolymph through the body and muscle
contractions help to move fluids. In phylum Arthropoda it possess an open circulatory system
consisting of a dorsal heart and a system of arteries that may be very limited (as in insects) or
extensive (as in crabs). The arteries deliver blood into tissue spaces (hemocoels), from which it
eventually drains back to a large pericardial sinus surrounding the heart. In phylum Mollusca
possess an open circulatory system in which body fluid (hemolymph) is transported largely within
sinuses devoid of distinct epithelial walls. The posteriodorsal heart enclosed in a pericardium
typically consists of a ventricle and two posterior auricles. Close circulatory system - Phylum
Annelida and chordata have circulatory system ut closed. In phylum Annelids have a closed
circulatory system with muscular pumping “hearts” in the anterior segments, dorsal and ventral
blood vessels that run the length of the body with connections in each segment, and capillaries that
service individual tissues. Gas exchange occurs across the moist body surface. In Chordate animals
have a closed circulatory system, in which blood is transported around the body inside veins and
arteries of various sizes. The blood is circulated by the pumping action of the heart; the respiratory
gases in the blood diffuse across the thin walls of the smallest vessels (capillaries) in the tissues.
 Question By : Ronalyn Caindoy Answered By: Ulysses Cabrera

What is two sense organ of phylum Annelida in their

Nervous system?

Chemoreceptors is used to process by which organisms respond to

chemical stimuli in their environments that depends primarily on
the senses of taste and smell. Photoreceptor it is for signals color;
they only signal the presence of light in the visual field. A given
photoreceptor responds to both the wavelength and intensity of a
light source. In phylum annelids there's a three types of
photoreceptor cells are present, rhabdomeric, ciliary and
phaosomous cells.
 Question By : Ulysses Cabrera Answered By: Reynan Royo

What are the exoskeleton of sponges, reptiles and

mollusca? Explain.

he exoskeleton of sponges is Spicules that are structural elements

found in most sponges. Sponge spicules are made of calcium
carbonate or silica. Large spicules visible to the naked eye are
referred to as megascleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are
termed microscleres. The exoskeleton of reptiles is made up of
epidermal scales. The skin of reptiles is covered with horny scales,
shields, or scutes. The exoskeleton of mollusc (or mollusk) shell is
typically a calcareous exoskeleton which encloses, supports and
protects the soft parts of an animal in the phylum Mollusca, which
includes snails, clams, tusk shells, and several other classes.
THANK YOU
ULYSSES CABRERA REYNAN ROYO RONALYN CAINDOY

ULYSSES CABRERA
REYNAN ROYO
RONALYN CAINDOY