AF

Costof
n p dP h y

en may
Pcnin
Oupin MW

AE

Pon max
Pmin
Owtput in MW.

Ihevement fwa Co s
Chwacteu&h&s In te e m1s
s
ncrement
of Hhe Slope. ot inpu
Ceg Cunve .
th

owrpu Cunve
t h tuy cost Cuve2
c uve

so TC ). = Slope o
tem
AF in Rs/MWh.
e AtG
Fwaiven opu
T E c Crc) of
hhe
A t h +humal,
unut 1s platind,
Tatio etHhe 1ncreensea Cotof fu
inpu CRs/hr) Corespondu ng mee
ncre.oDe in owe owtputCMW)

cup potchS Z
ncreoMng þowe output
Po
-e(Ic): = Pni At F

Pen
er ) = dC FE
d Pon i d Pa
,d
Pns
Incrementa -tud ost-
o

Whsu C is
is h cos t of -fu f
is he owe
ennahbn Oueu fHhatF
Mthemaical
he TFC Cuwe

epreon Co obtunod tro

e xp r e s o n of t Co $t Cu Ve
adJo llows
C ai Pen +5 Po tolr CGecon
Polymow
Them TFC,

C a e+b
Xnmens ap pre) )
= 2,3-
 ncremev

inpw in Bty to Hhe

ngy
ín kWh, whch }
owrpu
Incrementa e y
hincrementd heco rote
Is Called

fu Cos is m e y o r
We knou hed Hhe
c o t s sych
Componenvtr mme he emining
AS muntencmce safcues, e will be of
Yey mall eCewtee ot fual Cost; Thane
he FC IS

na
.

eConom c wwT.

He Rete. We he haot rate

CuWee IS he p lot behween he
ha reufe in KCakwh ame ow e4
oupu in kW CND Shown nhq wne

Heut r a t e

Cadkwh
Kal/M

Pouoe Outpu in MW

Heac ate cuve

 8
AF a uumum heat rate, the thuma
nost e h u e m core<pdngs
uut IS
auuticulwL gewahon PThe,
nCreo0 e
Cuve shouws C M
hih po w e9
Limts
md

Tte.

whch atfects
aeters
vanious
heu cR

hehwmel efhicency

Conothon
of s
a Cycle ua ec,
team
)Re hent &togas
Con cdense pres
ec
) team

reHicieney
Lncremetaa

InCTenm e n t a
i n c r e . m e n t e

o t the
o
ro co fine
Th re cip
T amo. S
p emg-
hat TateOwpwt enoa
Tuno
of Incrememta eHeemy
Outpuf

= Pon
CcSttunctiona wt
MuliSM
Non- OTH
valve effec
mate. h
team
tub in e
F y uuge Chaneaetiush's will be
wew
inpu
owtpu
Sho uN In ig w
 p u

2 3

huncjeusrs Min
v e Valve2
OuputCMW)

Valve3 Valve4
V a

wll hawe
cuaae Steam bi qenwtws
cclmisie vuves
anmbes of- eam
&coumce tO obtein
openud in
Th he nit.
u

Cm e v e - 1nCreoshg ourplt of

A
ChunncteutHS
Lnereemm Outpu PCmw)-

Chwnacterishs o a team
with
wwlhiple auhve f e c
As h wwt olinq Hh inp-
h e u by th
th Incvewes
unut cmo
decreenses befweey
incre memt
hut rat
poinstev C y two Vu ves
opening

Non- m o o h Co tunefiona wth

Mulhple Fuels:
quaedrahc tnchien 1S
p e c e -wise
he inpe -outpu
orepresen-
nouty uoIth mtl)iple.
CuVe
he nh creme
fwls his s h s ws
Cennatey
t Tete chsactesishis
olth multiple fuls.

hrémentY ful 2
fu
Cos
s/MW
R s /MVw

Rs

lin , Pa
fowe W

Lncrememtu
haatt rare dhancteristis o
a steam 9enutey wi muldtiple. uds.
 Chewicictecushcs aHchro. 1
owe plant/Unit
E&ena
Wores
inpw
Hydro
huabin
Genaa) >
poweA

outpuh
Dam. in MW

Lnput
V ou m a7
u
Wate4ipuy Chanerctenkts

a hycro
(A
cre-f+)
o7
plan
m/ec
R Po
ouwput powe in MwC)

h3 ha>h

u&chege
Wure h
h3

owlpu powes CPn) in MW

Waen
E ffect of
, On Wate, hnne
 12

nCrememY
Woufes rafe,

m/MW-&ec.
O p bowes Con) in MW-

wate rate, choeefei

ncrementul
&hics of a hyol ro pl nd-.
Coul be obsewed
tTom hque )
ineas, W a u t e nduireme
ha thau S
Cmo te h
af te. haat
t h rated oco
wpto
reate luscheuge IS red u Yee

mee he Tncvesec
IoeClemame
eiieney
o the
tw
Bt Du to that-
e c e c s é S .

Hhe etfee- ofHhe

snows
Wotes head on
Wore
disohange A
obsevee +he when he
Cowe, be. Weute t l s
14eae ot he
AABARNAAANANNNL AIMAANMAANAPIAMMMANNAAMHARAN MANAAMAAUABSM

Inpuf
opu huacteisHics (
w e lem m Veteally veS
a hyoro- po

pwancds
ha CL hihur ihage
Th inelicafes
S
hedL C hSame
ofwa
PoweA, o t j e n
hppem nheheee
Revewre wi
Ises
ches
wecte ycce
c r ememt be
T cod
In tiqwul)
hown
he Cuw e 1S a. traiq h
eemn hat
horiont i n upto
Conste
ia Which indlicotes
Ouo.

Slope vises Tapielly

Aftetha i
ncreoses meve
Sowhwm
t h loud
h e n h rotee u n newe. tS

openahion.
will b e p u t into
Checcteuejie
nere m eMtal CoST
uT
CA hyeloo-
hydro-blam 1S l
s no
.
Th inpu on'thece t .
Aepeneem,
o tow Costs
Wate
B th înpu
duc
-

Copeaciy of stornge, (14

req urment o t wates
edi cwfwapupoe
lC csing
Tunnund

Seogon
hCelrys
Seeon)
ha auihc St
Co na rueioy o Cms
Cos of
Cam a s
Conduts 9oteS benstocksete
Cot E on
th weu-es inpuf
mp oses
as wel co Hh Co 8
to the tuesine oupy
on he o te
Canbrol
o sbins o
Yom

Cultwa heeo
Co C
chhn
eecr
teci
feeh
s..

inrem enk G t
hhlncreme
Th obtuind
rom
YOm

C o l e b e

- r e chanacteushn

wre
wip Rsm3
hmacterishie
Co s
Dhevementu

obtunso (Inevem en
CO be Woutesreute X CosE
O Woate4
Rs ms.
msMWh x Rs/m3

Rs/Mwoh

Th 1ncrem emu Ce Chanafeush