Desalegn asreda

construction
Name：[YOHANNES DEBEBE ]
ID No：[MecivilR/0041/10]
Email：[yohannesdebebe6162@gmail.com]

Sub to ; eng surafel

Sub date ; Dec,26/12/2022
 Desalegn asrade construction
Project ; construction of army foundation apartment
Client; Army Foundation
Contractor ; Desalegn asrade construction
Consultant ; Defence construction & Design Enterprise
Location ; Hawassa

Detail about site

 This site have 12 block with G+9 apartment (2&3 bedroom ,1&2bedroom)
for army dormitory purpose
 Desalegn asrade construction received that is already began some of them
above G+1 and other G+2. the term of agreement only for labour and some
of described materials
 this site active with skilled and appropriate number of labour and
equipment.
 This is first month of my internship program.

I observed with this month (second month)

 Hacking (chiseling)
 Mortar
 Construction equipment’s and machinery
 Cement screeds
 Manhole
Tasks I have done so far
 I have given 5 assignment and I have done those assignment neat and
properly and submitted on time (Quantitysurvey steel bar)
 Column
 Beam
 Slab
 Hacking
1.  What do you mean by hacking the concrete surface?
The process of chiseling or indenting the smooth concrete surface to make it rough, so
that we can achieve the required bond strength with all the types of plasterwork or tile
work is called hacking.
Hacking work can be done either manually or mechanically, depending upon the concrete
work, type of structural members, and site conditions.
2.   When do we have to carry out the hacking work?
The best time to make hacking is not less than 48 hours and not above 72 hours from the
casting time of the concrete. This time period range gives the required hacking depth, as
the hardness of the concrete increases in the later stage.
3.  The technical specification for the concrete hacking :
a.   The depth of the hacking should be 2 to 4 mm. from the concrete surface.
b.   The number of hacking should be 20 to 30 / sq.ft., depending upon the indented
individual length.

4.    Why concrete hacking is necessary?

When we apply a plaster coat or clad the tiles over the concrete surface, it needs proper
bonding without falling or dis-engaging from the surface. Roughening the surface helps to
achieve this cohesive potential for good bonding.
  Although there are lots of solvents available in the market to achieve the chemical
bonding between these materials, still, hacking is the best practice having an added
advantage over chemical coatings. 
Mortar
Mortar is: A mixture of powdered Portland cement, find sands, and water Used as a
"glue" that holds together masonry building unitsNot as strong as concrete Sold in bags as
a dried powder, or can be mixed from individual components Available in different forms,
N, M, and S; type S is the most common
Mortar is yet another building material composed of cement, which in this case
is mixed with fine sands and water, with lime added to improve the durability of the
product. Adding water to this mix activates the cement so that it hardens, or cures, just as
with concrete. Mortar is not as strong as concrete and typically is not used as a sole
building material. Rather, it is the "glue" that holds together bricks, concrete blocks,
stone, and other masonry materials.
 Construction equipments and machinery

Every construction site requires ample resources to function correctly, including resources
for labor and material. Machines and equipment move resources in and around
construction projects and perform some specific tasks humans can't execute efficiently or
at all.  
 
Construction equipment serves various functions and comes in all shapes and sizes,
from small ditch-digging devices to gigantic hauling trucks.  
Some of the biggest machines ever to operate on land have been built to accommodate
the construction industry's needs. However, it has not always been that way. When the
Egyptian Pyramids and China's Great Wall were built, only hand labor was available.
Workers moved the earth and performed their roles limited by the physical abilities they
possessed. Today, machine power boosts production to heights only previously dreamed
of by workers.
This article will cover some of the significant types of equipment used by today's
construction professionals, identify some of the top equipment companies, and explore
how construction machines are purchased. We also examine why safety is an important
topic, especially around construction machines and equipment.

Heavy machinery on our site

Dump Trucks  – These vehicles carry substantial bulk quantities of material to and
from the construction site. Coal, dirt, gravel, sand, and waste are all heavy
loadstransported via these trucks
Mixer Trucks – These trucks are sent to construction sites to make concrete. They mix
and churn cement, aggregate, and water. 

Truck crane – One of the most popular on construction sites and in industrial settings
is the hydraulic truck crane. The fluid-filled systems on a hydraulic truck crane enable this
lifting contraption to lift and transport heavy objects like shipping containers, concrete,
bricks, metal frames, and even other crane pieces
Cement screeds
Screed is a thin layer of material that is placed on top of a concrete subfloor.
Usually, screed consists of cement and sharp sand, but where a more industrial
version is required, coarse aggregates can be added to create a thicker layer.

What is the purpose of screed?

The screeds primary purpose, using one part cement to three to five parts sharp
sand, is to give a smooth and level floor on which to lay your chosen floor finish.
The thickness of the screed allows it to take up normal variations in flatness and
levelness of the base on which it is laid.
Screeding fills in large gaps and removes high spots in the concrete material
being installed. The final finish will be created by floating the concrete with one or
more smooth-faced tools that are designed to draw up fine aggregate and cement
to the surface of the slab

Manhole
an opening in a street usually covered by a heavy, metal lid, for allowing workers to
reach underground pipes and wires.

(Quantitysurvey steel bar)

 Column
 Beam
Samples of takeoff sheet