§The process of digestion can

be divided into four main

steps. What are those steps?
§A. mechanical ingestion, chemical
ingestion, propulsion, absortion
§B. ingestion, mechanical digestion,
chemical digestion, absorption
§ _____________ is the fluid
your liver produces that
helps digest fats in the food
you eat.
§A. Chyme
§B. Bile
§It is the body's second largest
organ and plays a vital role in
many of the body's metabolic
processes.
§A. Liver
§B. Gall Bladder
§It is the function of Pancreas where it
produces hormones such as insulin
and glucagon to regulate blood sugar
levels
§A. endocrine function
§B. exocrine function
§ It makes up part of the long
pathway that food takes through
your body, called the ___________
§A. gastrointestinal tract
§B. esophagus
§This is part of digestive system
that carry food and liquid from
your mouth to your stomach.
§A. stomach
§B. esophagus
§The product of the
digestion in the stomach is
called _______
§A. bile
§B. chyme
§ The large intestine is divided
into four main parts. What are
those?
§A. cecum, colon, rectum,anus
§B. duodenum, jejunum,
ileum,anus
§ It is adapted to receive food
by ingestion, break it into
small particles by mastication,
and mix it with saliva.
§A. Mouth
§B. Esophagus
§ It is the function of Pancreas
where it produces enzymes that
aid in the digestion of food in the
small intestine.
§A. exocrine function
§B. endocrine function
§1. B. ingestion, §6. B. esophagus
mechanical digestion, §7. B. chyme
chemical digestion,
absorption §8. A. cecum, colon,
rectum,anus
§2. B. Bile
§9. A. Mouth
§3. A. Liver
§10. A. exocrine function
§4. A. endocrine function
§5. A. gastrointestinal tract
§ Explain the different metabolic
processes involved in various organ
systems
§ Describe the general and unique
characteristics of the different organ
system in representative animals
Quarter 2 : Lesson 5 - RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM (Gas exchange)
 W
§Why do we O
R
breathe? K

Think of all T
O
the reasons G
E
why we need T
H
a respiratory E
R
system.
§Respiratory systems
allow animals to move
oxygen (needed for
cellular respiration)
into body tissues and
remove carbon dioxide
(waste product of
cellular respiration)
from cells.
There are the four phases of
respiration:
1. Breathing
2. External Respiration
3. Internal Respiration
4. Cellular Respiration
1. Breathing – the
process of taking air
in and out of the lungs.
2. External
Respiration – the
exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide
between the air and
the blood within the
lungs.
§3. Internal Respiration –
the exchange of oxygen
and carbon dioxide
between the blood and
the body cells.
4. Cellular Respiration –
this is the process of
using oxygen to
breakdown sugar in food
producing energy (ATP)
in cells, and the release
of carbon dioxide as a
waste product.
1. Nose- filters
and warn the
entering air
with the help of
cilia (hairs
inside it).
2. Pharynx-
commonly
called the
throat. It
connects to
the nose with
the windpipe.
3. Larynx-
commonly called
the voice box. It
prevents the
passage of the
food and other
foreign particles
into the lower
respiratory tract.
4. Trachea-
commonly
called the
windpipe.
5. Bronchus (sing.)-
passageway of the air
that branches inside
the lungs. Each
bronchus continues to
branch until it is very
small and ends in a
tiny air sac called
alveolus (plural:
alveoli). Two tubes of
bronchus is called
bronchi.
6. Lungs- two upside
down, cone shaped
organs inside the
chest. The lungs are
really two bags full of
thousands and
thousands of alveoli.
It is at the alveoli
inside the lungs that
gases are exchanged.
7. Diaphragm- a
large muscle that
lies flat at the
bottom of the
chest cavity. The
diaphragm aids
in breathing by
moving up and
down.
8. Rib muscles-
tissues between
the ribs that
protects the lungs.
This muscle
causes the chest
cavity to enlarge
and contract to aid
breathing.
§Draw Respiratory System and Explain
each part.
Criteria Points
Explanation 15
Creativity 10
Quality of Work (cleanliness, color) 10
Originality 10
TOTAL 45 pts
§When people quit smoking, if the
lungs are not damaged they can often
clean themselves because the cilia
are no longer paralyzed. People with
cystic fibrosis have trouble with lung
infections because their lung mucus is
thick and sticky. What roles do cilia
and mucus play in lung health?