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Reporting Findings, Drawing Conclusions, and Making

Recommendations
Lesson 1- Writing Summary of Findings
This module will help the learners write a summary of the findings of their
research study.

Learning Target

In this module, you are expected to learn to write a summary of the findings of your research
study.

Vocabulary List

The following term will be encountered in the lesson:

Findings
are simply the results of the research study may
support or disprove the hypothesis
might also help to drive future research studies by generating new questions result of
an inquiry or investigation
a brief restatement of the components of the research paper

Warming Up

Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false on the blanks
provided before each item. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
_1. Effectively communicating your findings to others can be the most important and
most challenging step of scientific research.
_2. Your findings might not help to drive future research studies by generating new
questions.
_3. Findings pertain to a certain field like biology, hydrology, geology land use
planning etc. and how it contributes to this field.
_4. Results are simply your findings.
_5. A result section of a scientific paper or talk is strictly for narrating your findings,
without trying to interpret or evaluate them.

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Learning About It

These are some information to help you understand the ways to end your research
study with your findings.
CONCLUDING THE RESEARCH PAPER
Similar to the previous activity, research paper eventually comes to its end point
where all the ideas presented in earlier parts will culminate and rationalize the findings of the
study. This part is the most crucial among the parts of a research paper because it binds all
the concepts presented in the paper to point out which direction the ultimately headed.
All information provided within the previous parts of the research should be wrapped
it all up on this part, and no new information should be presented. It is a primary error to
present conclusions that are not directly related to the evidence previously presented.
The concluding part is compromised of the summary of findings, conclusion, and
recommendations.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
This section serves as a brief restatement of the major findings of the study. It
includes summarized statements for the overall purpose and objective of the study, the
type of research used the nature and size of the sample, the locale of the study, the
main and sub-problems, and the major findings of the research. However, the
statements should be straightforward but still meaningful.
The following are the findings of a research conducted to Le Thanh Hien High
School students in Vietnam on speaking anxiety.

Findings
1. The students were not given enough time to prepare for a speaking task before the task
was performed.

2. When the students were asked to work in groups, not all of them were eager to
contribute their opinions in English. Some of them participated actively but the others
spoke very little or not at all.

3. They tended to use Vietnamese when they discussed in groups.

4. While the students were making performances, the other students in class did not
listen attentively. They even chatted with the people next to them when their classmates
were speaking.

5. The students looked very nervous when they spoke in front of the class. Sometimes,
they did not know what to say then kept silent.

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Keeping You in Practice

Summary of Findings
Observe the following rubrics for Practice Task 1 and 2:
Rubrics:
Content 30
Organization of the Content---------------------------------30
Presentation of Ideas 20
Completeness of Presentation------------------------------20
Total 100 points
Practice Task 1: These are my Findings
Write the title and findings of your own research study. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.
Title:

Findings:

1. _
2. _
3. _

Practice Task 2: I try to FIND you

If this is the title of your research study, what could be the possible findings after
conducting the process of survey on the respective respondents? Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

Title: “Food Spoilage and its Prevention and Effects”.

Findings:
1. _
2. _
3. _

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Additional Tasks
Task 1: Share my Expertise
Observe the following rubrics for Practice Task 1 and 2:
Rubrics:
Content 20
Organization of the Content--------------------------------20
Completeness of Presentation------------------------------10
Total 50 points

Try to complete the details of the given statements below by writing the possible title
based on a given summary of the findings. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
Title _________________________________________________________

Findings:

1. Most frequent stressors of the students are school related stressors, followed by personal
factors such as the family issues, personal economic problems and inherent personality
characteristics encompass the students' lives.

2. Some students succumb into stress because of their looks. It lowered their self- confidence
and self- esteem because of unfair treatment of the world and some fall into insecurity which
is the down cast.

3. Work overload of the students result in Hyper Stress that pushes students beyond what
they can handle. Little or simple things like school works trigger their emotional response
that lead to serious emotional and physical repercussion. Hypo Stress is the opposite which is
the result when the students are bored by an unchallenged job such as working the same task
over and over again. Because of these, students are trapped as restlessness and lack of
inspiration.

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Cooling Down

Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

_1. The results section of the research paper is where you report the findings of your
study based upon the information gathered as a result of the methodologies you
applied.
_2. The results section should simply state the findings, with bias or interpretation, and
arranged in a logical sequence.
_3. In discussing your findings look toward the future but don’t end with it.
_4. In discussing your findings provide context and explain why people should care, do
not simply rehash your results.
_5. Summary of findings must contain each specific question under the statement of the
problem and must be written first to be followed by the findings that would
answer it.
_6. The findings should not be textual generalizations, that is, a summary of the
important data consisting of text and numbers.
_7. In writing findings point out differences and relationships, and provide information
about them.
_8. In experimental studies findings are written by using text to introduce tables and
figures and guide the reader through key results.
_9. In presenting quantitative findings the main point to remember while presenting
quantitative interview data is that the reader should not be bored with the minute
details.
_10. In qualitative findings mention the key points and themes as they relate to the
research question rather than reporting everything that the interviews said.

Learning Challenge

Task 1: What is a conclusion?

1. _
2. _
3. _

Task 2: Give an example of findings of a study with corresponding conclusions.

Findings:
1. _ _
2.
3.

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Points to Ponder

Summary of Findings
This section includes summarized statements for the overall purpose and objective of
the study, the type of research used the nature and size of the sample, the locale of the study,
the main and sub-problems, and the major findings of research.

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