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Practical Research 1
Quarter 3 – Module 11:
Formulating Research Questions
Practical Research 1 – Grade 11
Quarter 3 – Module 11: Formulating Research Questions
First Edition, 2020

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Practical Research 1
Quarter 3 – Module 11:
Formulating Research Questions
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on
any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try This before moving on to the
other activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are
done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this
material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Information about this ADM learner’s material
I. Objective: The learner demonstrates
Ia. Content Standard understanding of the specificity and
feasibility of the problem posed.

The learner is able to formulate clearly

Ib. Performance Standard
statement of research problem.

Ic. Learning Competency The learner states research questions.

(CS_RS11-IIIc-e-4)

II. Content / Topic Formulating Research Questions

I am pretty sure that you have enjoyed engaging

yourself in learning and doing the activities in the
previous lessons. Congrats! You really have shown your
interest in learning. So, let me take you to another
interesting lesson which will engage you in interesting
activities that I have made in this module.
In this module, we will be learning together on
how to formulate research questions. Are you excited?
Let’s begin!

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 At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. follow the steps in formulating research
questions; and
2. state research questions

Introduction
In the previous lesson, you already mastered the skill in justifying
your research choice. With the activities that were made for you, I am sure
that you were able to grasp the important concept of doing a research –to
explain how things happen.
This time, you will be asked to formulate your research questions.
Your research questions will lead you to answer the problem that you want
to study. Also, your research questions will serve as a guide in your
research, but formulating or creating one maybe hard or complicated. It is
therefore important to not only know the literature behind the topic and the
background, but the central area of focus as well. One important note is to
ensure the quality of questions raised for the study, as one may have a lot
of questions that could redirect the whole research.
As a researcher, let me remind you that the first thing that you
should do in conducting a research is to identify your research problem. It
could be the success of the implementation of the policies/projects in your
school, problems in the community, struggles/challenges that someone is
facing and many more. Then, from the research problem you have
identified, you can now create your research questions.

Did you understand something? Let me take you

further…

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(Activity 1) CREATE ME
Instruction: Analyze the pictures below, and create one question for each
item. A sample is provided for you.

Example:

What are the reasons why students skip

classes?

A.

__________________________________________________________________?

B.

__________________________________________________________________?

Great job!
You did very well in constructing questions. Let’s
move further.

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(Activity 2)
Guide Questions:

1. What keywords generated from the observation in each picture

did you write?
______________________________________________________________________

2. Were the questions you formulated answerable by yes or no?

Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________________

Lesson: Formulating Research Questions

Research question is one of the important parts in research.

Technically, without the research questions, there is nothing to be answered
in the study. Creswell (2018) proposes that there are two forms in
formulating research questions in qualitative: (1) a central question which
poses a broad question that encourages the researcher to explore the central
phenomenon or concept of the study; and (2) associated sub-questions
which mirror the specific questions to narrow the focus of the study through
conducting interviews. He emphasized that the researcher will only have to
construct one to two general questions that will explore the concept of the
study and will ask no more than five to seven sub-questions which will be
used in the interview. The questions, then, will begin with what; what
concept you want to explore or, how; how something will occur.
Stages in Writing Research Questions
Steps in Writing Research
Example 2
Questions

1. Identifying the research  Underrepresentation of Women

problem in Politics

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 2. Identify the topic
3. Create central question
using what and how
questions stating the
research problem and the
topic.
 Women in politics
 What are the lived experiences
about the underrepresentation of
women in politics?

 What are the challenges

4. Create sub-questions from experienced of women in politics?
the central question
extracting experiences.  How do women in politics
overcome these challenges?

Steps in Writing Research

Example 2
Questions

1. Identifying the research  Traditional learning to blended

problem learning

2. Identify the topic  Blended Learning Instruction

3. Create central question using  How do students perceive the
what and how questions blended learning instruction?
stating the research problem
and the topic.

4. Create sub-questions from  What are the insights of blended

the central question learning instruction?
extracting experiences,  How do students feel about the
challenges, and opinions. blended learning instruction?

Now, here are the tips that I want you to remember in formulating
research questions.
1. Avoid questions that answer YES or NO.
 If everyone were created equal, would this world be a better place to
live in?
 Do you think man desires things that belongs to someone else?
2. Avoid questions that answer a single statistic.
 What is the level of satisfaction of the respondents in terms of
handling government mitigating measures of Covid-19 pandemic?
 How much time do you consume in playing online games?

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 3. Avoid philosophical questions.
 It is said that “Man experiences his World”, what does it mean for
you?
 Why do you think our culture’s bias is that most politicians are
corrupt?
4. Avoid Miss-U questions.
 If you have the capability and machinery of running for a public
office, would you do it? Why?
 If you happen to end up as the president of this nation even for just
one day, what proposal/bill would you be signing into law. Why?
5. Avoid subjective questions.
 What is the meaning of peace?

 Some say that our world would be a better, cleaner, greener place if
man was not around. What are your thoughts on this?

That’s it! I know you are excited to make your

own research questions now. Can we do it together?
Let’s do it!

(Activity 3) THROW IT!

Instruction: Study the research problem given to you, and formulate two
research questions. A sample is provided for you.

Situation:
Culturally, individualism is rampant in Western culture while Asian countries are more
communal. In the context of homelessness, in Western countries it is more of an
individual struggle while in Asia, specifically the Philippines it is more of a family
struggle resulting to illegal settlers.

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 Steps in Writing Research
Research Details
Questions
1. Identify the research
problem
2. Identify the topic
3. Create central question
using what and how
questions stating the
research problem and the
topic.
4. Create sub-questions from
the central question
extracting experiences.

Excellent! Now, you are ready to formulate your own

research questions.

1. The two (2) forms in formulating/stating research questions are through

a centr al questi on and associ at ed sub-questi ons.
2. Research questions must elicit responses from your participants. Thus,
you need to take note of the following:
 Avoid questions that answer YES or NO.

 Avoid questions that answer a single statistic.

 Avoid philosophical questions.

 Avoid Miss-U questions.

 Avoid subjective questions.

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(Activity 4) STATING RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Instruction: Recall your research title and your justification of conducting
the research study. State the appropriate central question
(form 1) or research questions (form 2) of your study.

Research Title:

Steps in Writing Research

Research Details
Questions
1. Identify the research
problem
2. Identify the topic
3. Create central question
using what and how
questions stating the
research problem and the
topic.
4. Create sub-questions from
the central question
extracting experiences.

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Let’s Test Ourselves Let’s Do This
(Answers vary.) (Answers vary.)
Analysis Let’s Try This
(Answers vary.) A.
1. YES
2. NO
Answer Key
References

Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and

evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th ed.). Boston, MA:
Pearson.

Creswell, J. W. (2016). 30 essential skills for the qualitative researcher.

Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE.

Walliman, N. (2011). Research methods: The basics. London: Routledge.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Davao City Division

E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762

Email Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph

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