Professional Documents
Culture Documents
129, 135, 138, 145, 146, 151, 200, 208, 234, 238, 248, 251, 273, 287, 408, 455, 466, 499, 518, 525, 531,
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
CHAPTER
STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
POWERPLANT
71
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
Filtered Serial Nº contained in this publication: 24, 36, 37, 41, 43, 68, 97, 110, 121, 122, 129, 135, 138, 145, 146, 151, 200, 208, 234, 238, 248, 251, 273, 287, 408, 455, 466, 499, 518, 525, 531, STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
REVISION REVISION
SUBJECT
STATUS DATE
71-11-01
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Allowable Damage 51 - Fan Cowl Door Skin Assembly R Jul 21/17
Repairs 51 - Composites - Repair of the outer plies on Laminate Area or R Jul 21/17
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
Sandwich Area - Permanent
Repairs 52 - Composites - Repair of Laminate Area for Through Damage R Jul 21/17
- Permanent
Repairs 53 - Composites - Repair of the Sandwich Laminate and Core - R Jul 21/17
Permanent
Repairs 56 - Composites - Repair of the Fan-Cowl Leading Edge - Per- R Jul 21/17
manent
71-11-02
71-11-21
REVISION REVISION
SUBJECT
STATUS DATE
71-61-01
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Allowable Damage 52 - Outer Barrel Skin R Jul 21/17
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
Allowable Damage 55 - Pylon Fairing Rubber Seal R Jul 21/17
71-61-02
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
2. References
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 71-11-01/ALLOWABLE DAMAGE 51 Fan Cowl Door Skin Assembly
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 51-22-01 APPLICATION OF SPEED TAPE
SRM PART II 51-23-07 COMPOSITE MATERIAL PARTS - PAINTING
COMPOSITES - REMOVAL OF LIQUID FROM DAMAGED
SRM PART II 51-70-03
AREA
SRM PART II 51-70-05 COMPOSITES - CLEANING OF AREA
COMPOSITES - REPAIR OF SOLID LAMINATES AT
SRM PART II 51-71-08
ROOM TEMPERATURE - TYPE A
COMPOSITES - REPAIR OF SOLID LAMINATES AT
SRM PART II 51-71-09
ROOM TEMPERATURE - TYPE B
Composites - Repair of the outer plies on Laminate Area or
SRM PART II 71-11-01/REPAIR 51P
Sandwich Area
SRM PART II 71-11-01/REPAIR 52P Composites - Repair of Laminate Area for Through Damage
SRM PART II 71-11-01/REPAIR 53P Composites - Repair of the Sandwich Laminate and Core
SRM PART II 71-11-01/REPAIR 56P Composites - Repair of the Fan-Cowl Leading Edge
3. Consumable Materials
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
4. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 101 and Figure 102 to find the applicability of the fan cowl door skin allowable
damage.
B. The maximum number of repaired areas per fan cowl door skin are:
• Limited to three (3) that affects 1 ply or more;
• There are no limit for damaged areas that do not affect any ply (0 ply affected), as long as
their total area is within the limits presented in Table 101.
NOTE: The maximum number of repaired areas in the outer and inner surfaces are cumulative
for all type of damage in honeycomb and solid laminate regions, except for the ones that
do not affect any ply.
C. For typical edge damage repair according to SRM PART II 51-71-08 and SRM PART II 51-71-09
or CMM 78-32-00. Refer Figure 103.
D. The minimum distance between two or more damaged areas is 254.0 mm (10.0 in) if the damage
affects 1 ply or more.
E. Pulled or loose fasteners are not allowed.
F. If the conditions above are not satisfied, contact Embraer.
5. Allowable Damage Limits andProcedures
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A. Clean the damaged area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
B. Remove all liquid contaminants from the damaged area (SRM PART II 51-70-03).
C. Perform an inspection (tap test or ultrasonic inspection) of the adjacent area to determine the
damage extension. If the damage is accompanied by delamination, the limits for this type of
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
damage shall be respected.
D. The following tables give the allowable damage limits and procedures for each type of damage.
Table 101 - Surface Protection Damage -Limits and Procedures
DAMAGE LIMITS
IMMEDIATE DEFINITIVE
ZONE AFFECTED FLY-BY
AREA ACTION ACTION
PLIES
Apply Alumi-
- 500 FC; Repair accord-
num Adhesive
< 10000 mm² - GVI inspec- ing to SRM
Tape, 50
(15.5 in²) tion every 50 PART II
0 mm MEP
FC.[2] 51-23-07.[3]
Any 18-028.[1]
≥ 10000 mm²
Repair according to SRM PART II 51-23-07.
(15.5 in²)
Follow the thickness reduction damage limits
≥1 Any
and procedures (Table 102)
[1] REFER TO SRM PART II 51-22-01.
[2] PERFORM A GVI INSPECTION OF THE DAMAGED AREA. IF ANY DISCREPANCY IS DETECTED, PERFORM THE DEFINITIVE ACTION IMMEDIATELY.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
[3] THE DEFINITIVE ACTION MUST BE PERFORMED BEFORE THE FLY-BY PERIOD ENDS.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
≤ 152.4 mm
REPAIR 51P.
(6.0 in) in di-
ameter
A > 152.4 mm
(6.0 in) in di- Contact EMBRAER.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
ameter
≤ 152.4 mm
Repair according to SRM PART II 71-11-01/
(6.0 in) in di-
REPAIR 51P.
ameter
2
> 152.4 mm
(6.0 in) in di- Contact EMBRAER.
ameter
Follow the through damage limits and proce-
>2 Any
dures (Table 103)
[1] THIS DAMAGE TYPE MAY BE ACCOMPANIED BY UNDERLYING DELAMINATION. IN THIS CASE, THE DAMAGE SIZE MUST BE THE EXTENT OF THE
DELAMINATION.
[2] REFER TO SRM PART II 51-22-01.
[3] PERFORM A GVI INSPECTION OF THE DAMAGED AREA. IF ANY DISCREPANCY IS DETECTED, PERFORM THE DEFINITIVE ACTION IMMEDIATELY.
[4] THE DEFINITIVE ACTION MUST BE PERFORMED BEFORE THE FLY-BY PERIOD ENDS.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
edge.[2]
25.4 mm (1.0
C Repair according to SRM PART II 71-11-01/
in) < X ≤ 38.1
REPAIR 56P.
mm (1.5 in)[5]
> 38.1 mm
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
Contact EMBRAER.
(1.5 in)[5]
≤ 38.1 mm Repair according to SRM PART II 71-11-01/
(1.5 in)[5] REPAIR 56P.
1<X≤3
> 38.1 mm
Contact EMBRAER.
(1.5 in)[5]
>3 Any Contact EMBRAER.
B
Any Any Contact EMBRAER.
D
[1] THIS DAMAGE TYPE MAY BE ACCOMPANIED BY UNDERLYING DELAMINATION. IN THIS CASE, THE DAMAGE SIZE MUST BE THE EXTENT OF THE
DELAMINATION.
[2] REFER TO SRM PART II 51-22-01.
[3] PERFORM A GVI INSPECTION OF THE DAMAGED AREA. IF ANY DISCREPANCY IS DETECTED, PERFORM THE DEFINITIVE ACTION IMMEDIATELY.
[4] THE DEFINITIVE ACTION MUST BE PERFORMED BEFORE THE FLY-BY PERIOD ENDS.
[5] THE LIMITS PRESENTED ARE RELATED TO DAMAGE IN LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION. THERE ARE NO LIMITS CONCERNING DAMAGE IN CIRCUM-
FERENTIAL DIRECTION.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
(2.0 in) < X Repair according to SRM PART II
≤ 152.4 mm 71-11-01/REPAIR 53P.
(6.0 in)
> 152.4 mm
Contact EMBRAER.
Honeycomb (6.0 in)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
region Repair ac-
Apply Alumi-
- 500 FC; cording to
num Adhe-
≤ 12.7 mm - GVI in- SRM PART
sive Tape,
(0.5 in) spection ev- II 71-11-01/
50 mm MEP
ery 50 FC.[3] REPAIR
Both sides 18-028.[2]
53P.[4]
A and honey-
12.7 mm
comb core
(0.5 in) < X Repair according to SRM PART II
≤ 152.4 mm 71-11-01/REPAIR 53P.
(6.0 in)
> 152.4 mm
Contact EMBRAER.
(6.0 in)
Repair ac-
Apply Alumi-
- 500 FC; cording to
num Adhe-
≤ 12.7 mm - GVI in- SRM PART
sive Tape,
(0.5 in) spection ev- II 71-11-01/
50 mm MEP
ery 50 FC.[3] REPAIR
18-028.[2]
Solid Lami- 52P.[4]
Any
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
(2.0 in) < X Repair according to SRM PART II
≤ 152.4 mm 71-11-01/REPAIR 53P.
(6.0 in)
> 152.4 mm
Contact EMBRAER.
Honeycomb (6.0 in)
D
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
region Repair ac-
Apply Alumi-
- 500 FC; cording to
num Adhe-
≤ 12.7 mm - GVI in- SRM PART
sive Tape,
(0.5 in) spection ev- II 71-11-01/
50 mm MEP
ery 50 FC.[3] REPAIR
Both sides 18-028.[2]
53P.[4]
and honey-
12.7 mm
comb core
(0.5 in) < X Repair according to SRM PART II
≤ 152.4 mm 71-11-01/REPAIR 53P.
(6.0 in)
> 152.4 mm
Contact EMBRAER.
(6.0 in)
Honeycomb
Any Any Contact EMBRAER.
region
≤ 152.4 mm Repair according to SRM PART II
B
Solid Lami- (6.0 in) 71-11-01/REPAIR 52P.
Any
nate region > 152.4 mm
Contact EMBRAER.
(6.0 in)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
Solid Lami-
C Any Any Contact EMBRAER.
nate region
[1] THIS DAMAGE TYPE IS USUALLY ACCOMPANIED BY UNDERLYING DELAMINATION. IN THIS CASE, THE DAMAGE SIZE MUST BE THE EXTENT OF
THE DELAMINATION.
[2] REFER TO SRM PART II 51-22-01.
[3] PERFORM A GVI INSPECTION OF THE DAMAGED AREA. IF ANY DISCREPANCY IS DETECTED, PERFORM THE DEFINITIVE ACTION IMMEDIATELY.
[4] THE DEFINITIVE ACTION MUST BE PERFORMED BEFORE THE FLY-BY PERIOD ENDS.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
Table 105 - Dents - Limits and Procedures
DAMAGE LIMITS
WIDTH PER IMMEDIATE DEFINITIVE
ZONE FLY-BY
DIAMETER [1]
DEPTH RATIO ACTION ACTION
(W/D)[2]
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
Follow the
Apply Alumi-
- 500 FC; thickness re-
num Adhesive
- GVI inspec- duction dam-
≥ 25 Tape, 50
≤ 25.4 mm (1.0 tion every 50 age limits and
mm MEP
A in) FC.[4] procedures
18-028.[3]
D (Table 103)[5]
Follow the thickness reduction damage limits
< 25
and procedures (Table 103)
> 25.4 mm (1.0 Follow the thickness reduction damage limits
Any
in) and procedures (Table 103)
B Follow the thickness reduction damage limits
Any Any
C and procedures (Table 103)
[1] THIS DAMAGE TYPE MAY BE ACCOMPANIED BY UNDERLYING DELAMINATION. IN THIS CASE, THE DAMAGE SIZE MUST BE THE EXTENT OF THE
DELAMINATION.
[2] WIDTH IS CONSIDERED AS THE MINOR AXIS OF THE DENTED AREA.
[3] REFER TO SRM PART II 51-22-01.
[4] PERFORM A GVI INSPECTION OF THE DAMAGED AREA. IF ANY DISCREPANCY IS DETECTED, PERFORM THE DEFINITIVE ACTION IMMEDIATELY.
[5] THE DEFINITIVE ACTION MUST BE PERFORMED BEFORE THE FLY-BY PERIOD ENDS.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
LH Fan Cowl DoorSkin Allowable Damage Applicability
Figure 101 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A HINGE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
(REF.)
A
292 mm
(11.5 in.)
254 mm
(10.0 in.)
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
(TYPICAL)
114 mm
(4.5 in.) STRAKE (REF.)
STARTER
OVERRIDE
PORT (REF.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
IDG DOOR
ASSY
25.4 mm
(1.0 in.)
63.5 mm
(2.5 in.)
(TYPICAL)
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
EM170SRM710056D.DGN
356 mm
(14.0 in.)
LEGEND:
ZONE A
ZONE B LATCH
ZONE C
B (REF.)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
LH Fan Cowl DoorSkin Allowable Damage Applicability
Figure 101 - Sheet 2
HINGE
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
546 mm
(21.5 in)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
STARTER OVERRIDE
PORT (REF.)
25.4 mm
(1.0 in)
IDG DOOR
ASSY (REF.)
HOLD OPEN
ROD
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
432 mm
(17.0 in)
LOWER
SPAR (REF.)
LATCH
(REF.)
EM170SRM710053B.DGN
LEGEND :
C
ZONE B
ZONE C
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
RH Fan Cowl DoorSkin Allowable Damage Applicability
Figure 102 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
B
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
HINGE
FADEC PORT (REF.)
(REF.)
305 mm
483 mm
(19.0 in.)
(12.0 in.) 559 mm A
(22.0 in.)
356 mm
(14.0 in.) 140 mm
(5.5 in.)
STRAKE (REF.)
25.4 mm
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
(1.0 in.)
EXHAUST VENT
(REF.) 76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
EM170SRM710055C.DGN
254 mm
(10.0 in.)
LEGEND:
ZONE A
ZONE B KEEPER
ZONE C
(REF.) B
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
RH Fan Cowl DoorSkin Allowable Damage Applicability
Figure 102 - Sheet 2
HINGE FADEC
(REF.) PORT
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
(22.0 in.)
559 mm
(19.0 in.)
483 mm
(29.5 in.)
750 mm
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
63.5 mm (2.5 in.)
(TYPICAL)
FAN COWL
ACCESS PANEL
25.4 mm
(1.0 in)
HOLD−OPEN
ROD
76.2 mm (3.0 in.)
(TYPICAL)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
254 mm 267 mm
(10.0 in) (10.5 in.)
LOWER KEEPER
SPAR (REF.) EXHAUST
(REF.) VENT (REF.)
C
EM170SRM710054B.DGN
LEGEND:
ZONE A
ZONE B
ZONE C
ZONE D
1
Figure 103
User: btechops
Edge Damage
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
71-11-01
(REF.)
LATCH
STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
A
B
EM170SRM710128A.DGN
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 51-70-09 COMPOSITES - REPAIR CURE
SRM PART II 51-70-10 COMPOSITES - REFINISHING
COMPOSITES - REPAIR OF EXPANDED COPPER FOIL
SRM PART II 51-73-00
AND BONDING METALLIC PLATE
3. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 201 and Figure 202 to find the applicability of this repair.
B. The maximum number of repaired areas is three (3) per each fan cowl door (LH and RH doors).
NOTE: • This number does not take into account the type of repair or the region where it is
located (sandwich or solid laminate area).
• This is the total amount of repair applied to each fan cowl door, either in internal or
external skins.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
5. Repair Inspections and ReplacementRequirements
A. This repair does not affect an FCS. Therefore, there is no change in the maintenance plan due to
this repair installation.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
LH Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 201 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A HINGE
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A
330 mm
(13.0 in.)
STARTER
STRAKE (REF.)
OVERRIDE
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
(TYPICAL)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
IDG DOOR
ASSY
EM170SRM710076B.DGN
254 mm
(10.0 in.)
LEGEND:
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
LH Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 201 - Sheet 2
HINGE FADEC
(REF.) PORT
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
FAN COWL
ACCESS PANEL
HOLD−OPEN
ROD
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
LOWER KEEPER
SPAR (REF.) EXHAUST
(REF.) VENT (REF.)
C
EM170SRM710106A.DGN
LEGEND :
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
RH Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 202 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
B
HINGE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
FADEC PORT (REF.)
(REF.)
445 mm
(17.5 in.)
A
STRAKE (REF.)
EXHAUST VENT
(REF.)
254 mm
EM170SRM710077B.DGN
(10.0 in.)
LEGEND: KEEPER
(REF.)
THIS REPAIR IS NOT ALLOWED B
THIS REPAIR IS ALLOWED
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
RH Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 202 - Sheet 2
HINGE
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
STARTER OVERRIDE
PORT (REF.)
IDG DOOR
ASSY (REF.)
HOLD OPEN
ROD
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
LOWER
SPAR (REF.)
LATCH
(REF.)
EM170SRM710107A.DGN
C
LEGEND :
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 1
OUTER
1 SURFACE DAMAGE
EXPANDED COPPER FOIL
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
MAX DIAMETER
CORE STIFFENER
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
TYPICAL TWO PLY DAMAGE
25.4 mm
2 (1.0 in.)
EXISTING EXPANDED
COPPER FOIL
12.7 mm
(0.50 in.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EM170SRM710079C.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 2
3
6.4 mm (0.25 in.)
TYPICAL OVERLAP
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
12.7 mm (0.5 in.) ADHESIVE
TYPICAL OVERLAP FILM
REPAIR DOUBLER
PLY 4
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REPAIR DOUBLER
PLY 3
REPAIR DOUBLER
PLIES 1 AND 2
REPAIR FILLER
ADHESIVE FILM PLIES 1 AND 2
EM170SRM710108A.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan-Cowl-Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 3
EXPANDED
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
COPPER FOIL
RESIN
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
EXPANDED COPPER
FOIL APPLICATION
5
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
COMPLETE REPAIR
EM170SRM710091B.DGN
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
SRM PART II 51-70-04 COMPOSITES - REMOVAL OF DAMAGED AREA
SRM PART II 51-70-07 COMPOSITES - PLIES REPLACEMENT
SRM PART II 51-70-08 COMPOSITES - LAY-UP/BAGGING PROCEDURE
SRM PART II 51-70-09 COMPOSITES - REPAIR CURE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 51-70-10 COMPOSITES - REFINISHING
COMPOSITES - REPAIR OF EXPANDED COPPER FOIL
SRM PART II 51-73-00
AND BONDING METALLIC PLATE
3. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 201 and Figure 202 to find the applicability of this repair.
B. The maximum number of repaired areas is three (3) per fan cowl door (LH and RH doors).
NOTE: • This number does not take into account the type of repair or the region where it is
located (sandwich or solid laminate area).
• This is the total amount of repair applied to each fan cowl door, either in the internal
or external skins.
(2) The distance between the cutout and the core stiffeners is greater than 38.1 mm (1.5 in).
(3) The distance between two (2) damaged areas is greater than 254.0 mm (10.0 in).
D. If this type of repair is not applicable, contact Embraer.
4. Repair Instructions
A. Remove the damaged plies (Figure 203, Sheet 1). Refer to SRM PART II 51-70-04.
B. Follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-07, using M20/40%F/G904 prepreg plies
and FM300-2M.03 as adhesive film. The repair scheme is shown in Figure 203, Sheet 3.
C. Cure the repair part at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
D. Remove the vacuum bag.
E. Cut a piece of expanded copper foil repair material with sufficient size to make an overlap of at
least 50.8 mm (2.0 in) on all sides in the repair area.
F. Install the expanded copper foil ply using EA9390 resin and follow the procedure described in
SRM PART II 51-73-00. The expanded copper foil application scheme is shown in Figure 203,
Sheet 4.
G. Install a vacuum bag and evacuate it (SRM PART II 51-70-08).
H. Cure the repair part at room temperature for 220 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
I. Use a 180-320 grit waterproof silicon carbide abrasive paper to strip the paint in a light rubbing
motion on the internal side of the fan cowl door.
J. Cut two (2) repair doubler plies made with M20/40%F/G904 prepreg and internally install them
with FM300-2M film adhesive (Figure 203, Sheet 4, Detail (det. 6)).
K. Cure the repair part at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
L. Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted material.
M. Restore the original finishing (SRM PART II 51-70-10).
5. Repair Inspections and ReplacementRequirements
A. This repair does not affect an FCS. Therefore, there is no change in the maintenance plan due to
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
this repair installation.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
LH Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 201
HINGE
C
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A 330 mm
(13.0 in.) 620 mm
(24.4 in.)
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
STARTER OVERRIDE
200 mm (7.87 in.) PORT (REF.)
(REF.)
190 mm
(7.48 in.)
(REF.)
150 mm (5.91 in.)
(TYPICAL CORE
STIFFENER WIDTH)
(REF.)
IDG DOOR
ASSY (REF.)
(REF.)
254 mm
(10.0 in.)
LOWER
LATCH
SPAR (REF.) C (REF.)
EM170SRM710111B.DGN
LEGEND :
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
RH Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 202
HINGE
(REF.)
FADEC C
PORT
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
445 mm
(17.5 in.)
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
1700 mm
(66.9 in.)
A
(REF.)
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
FAN COWL
ACCESS PANEL 150 mm (5.91 in.)
(TYPICAL CORE
185 mm (7.28 in.) STIFFENER WIDTH)
(REF.) (REF.)
HOLD−OPEN
ROD
180 mm (7.1 in.)
(TYPICAL WIDTH
BETWEEN CORE 76.2 mm
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
254 mm
(10.0 in.)
LOWER KEEPER
SPAR (REF.) EXHAUST
(REF.) VENT (REF.)
C
EM170SRM710110B.DGN
LEGEND :
THIS REPAIR IS NOT ALLOWED.
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
152 mm (6.0 in.)
MAX DIAMETER
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
CORE STIFFENER
TYPICAL DAMAGE
EM170SRM710085C.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 2
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
3
6.4 mm (0.25 in.) 12.7 mm (0.5 in.)
TYPICAL TYPICAL OVERLAP ADHESIVE FILM
OVERLAP
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REPAIR
DOUBLER PLY 8
REPAIR DOUBLER
PLY 7
REPAIR DOUBLER
REPAIR DOUBLER
PLIES 3 AND 4
PLIES 5 AND 6
REPAIR DOUBLER
PLIES 1 AND 2
REPAIR FILLER
PLIES 1 AND 2
ADHESIVE FILM
EM170SRM710109A.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 3
4
6.4 mm (0.25 in.)
TYPICAL OVERLAP
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
EXPANDED
COPPER
FOIL
RESIN
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
EXPANDED COPPER FOIL APPLICATION
5
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 4
ADHESIVE FILM
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REPAIR
DOUBLER PLY
REPAIR
DOUBLER PLY
ADHESIVE FILM
6.4 mm (0.25 in.) 38.1 mm (1.5 in.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
TYPICAL OVERLAP TYPICAL OVERLAP
7
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
COMPLETE REPAIR
EM170SRM710097B.DGN
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
(3) Inner skin and honeycomb core are damaged (Item 8).
C. Each configuration can be repaired in two ways, depending on the size of the damaged area:
(1) Potting compound repair, when the damage is less than 25.4 mm (1.0 in) in diameter;
(2) Core plug repair, when the damage is between 25.4 mm (1.0 in) and the maximum diameter
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
allowed.
2. References
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
5. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 201 and Figure 202 to find the applicability of this repair.
B. The maximum number of repaired areas is three (3) per fan cowl door (LH and RH doors).
NOTE: • This number does not take into account the type of repair or the region where it is
located (sandwich or solid laminate area).
• This is the total amount of repair applied to each fan cowl door, either in the internal
or external skins.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
6. Repair Instruction when BothSkins (Inner and Outer Skins) and Honeycomb Core are Damaged
A. Remove the damage (SRM PART II 51-70-04).
NOTE: Step sanding is not required on the inner surface.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
B. Clean the repair area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
C. Measure the cleaned-up area. If it is less than 25.4 mm (1.0 in), fill the area with Type V Epoxy
Adhesive MEP_09-066. If not, follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-06 (for
121°C (250°F)), using the following repair material:
• HRH-10-1/8-5.0 as the core plug;
NOTE: Use a caul plate on the opposite side of the fan cowl door to restrain the potting
compound/core plug movement.
D. Cure the repair at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
E. Use a sandpaper No. 180 to sand the repair area, smoothing its surface.
F. Vacuum the area to remove any residues of unwanted material.
G. Clean the repair area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
H. Follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-07, using M20/40%F/G904 prepreg plies
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
and FM300-2M.03 as adhesive film. The repair schemes are shown in Figure 203.
NOTE: The repair scheme shows the core plug installed. However, if the damage is less than
25.4 mm (1.0 in), it is not necessary and must be replaced by a potting compound.
I. Cure the replacement plies at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
J. Remove the vacuum bag.
K. Repeat steps Item 6.H, Item 6.I and Item 6.J on the opposite side.
L. Do the steps below to replace the damaged expanded copper foil:
(1) Cut a piece of expanded copper foil repair material with sufficient size to make an overlap in
the repair area of at least 50.8 mm (2.0 in) all around the repair.
(2) Install the expanded copper foil ply using EA9390 resin, and follow the procedure described
in SRM PART II 51-73-00.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
121°C (250°F)), using the following repair material:
• HRH-10-1/8-5.0 as the core plug;
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
• FM410-1 as the adhesive foam.
D. Cure the potting compound/core plug at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
E. Use a sandpaper No. 180 to sand the repair area, smoothing its surface.
F. Vacuum the area to remove any residues of unwanted material.
G. Clean the repair area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
H. Follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-07, using M20/40%F/G904 prepreg plies
and FM300-2M.03 as adhesive film. The repair schemes are shown in Figure 204.
NOTE: The repair scheme shows the core plug installed. However, if the damage is less than
25.4 mm (1.0 in), it is not necessary and must be replaced by a potting compound.
I. Cure the replacement plies at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
J. Remove the vacuum bag.
K. Do the steps below to replace the damaged expanded copper foil:
(1) Cut a piece of expanded copper foil repair material with sufficient size to make an overlap in
the repair area of at least 50.8 mm (2.0 in) all around the repair.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
(2) Install the expanded copper foil ply using EA9390 resin, and follow the procedure described
in SRM PART II 51-73-00.
(3) Install a vacuum bag and evacuate it (SRM PART II 51-70-08).
(4) Cure the repair part at room temperature for 220 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
L. Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted material.
M. Restore the original finishing (SRM PART II 51-70-10).
8. Repair Instruction when Inner Skinand Honeycomb Core are Damaged
A. Remove the damage (SRM PART II 51-70-04).
NOTE: Step sanding is not required.
B. Clean the repair area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
C. Measure the cleaned-up area. If it is less than 25.4 mm (1.0 in), fill the area with Type V Epoxy
Adhesive MEP_09-066. If not, follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-06 (for
121°C (250°F)), using the following repair material:
• HRH-10-1/8-5.0 as the core plug;
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
G. Clean the repair area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
H. Follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-07, using M20/40%F/G904 prepreg plies
and FM300-2M.03 as adhesive film. The repair schemes are shown in Figure 205.
NOTE: The repair scheme shows the core plug installed. However, if the damage is less than
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
25.4 mm (1.0 in), it is not necessary and must be replaced by a potting compound.
I. Cure the replacement plies at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
J. Remove the vacuum bag.
K. Remove all tools, equipment, and unwanted material.
L. Restore the original finishing (SRM PART II 51-70-10).
9. Repair Inspections and ReplacementRequirements
A. This repair does not affect an FCS. Therefore, there is no change in the maintenance plan due to
this repair installation.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
LH Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 201
HINGE C
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
330 mm
A (13.0 in.) 620 mm
(24.4 in.)
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A
200 mm (7.87 in.)
(REF.)
HOLD OPEN
ROD 190 mm (7.48 in.)
(REF.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
254 mm
(10.0 in.)
LOWER
LATCH
SPAR (REF.)
C (REF.)
EM170SRM710113A.DGN
NOTE: THIS REPAIR IS APPLICABLE TO THE OUTER AND/OR INNER SURFACES OF THE FAN COWL DOOR.
LEGEND :
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
RH Fan Cowl Door Skin - Repair Applicability
Figure 202
HINGE FADEC
(REF.) PORT C
(REF.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
680 mm
(26.78 in.)
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
1700 mm
(66.9 in.) 200 mm (7.87 in.) A
(REF.) (REF.)
BETWEEN CORE
STIFFENERS)
(REF.) 254 mm
(10.0 in.)
LOWER KEEPER
SPAR (REF.) EXHAUST
(REF.) VENT (REF.)
C
EM170SRM710112A.DGN
NOTE: THIS REPAIR IS APPLICABLE TO THE OUTER AND/OR INNER SURFACES OF THE FAN COWL DOOR.
LEGEND :
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Both Skins and Honeycomb Core Repair Scheme
Figure 203 - Sheet 1
EXPANDED
COPPER
FOIL
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
RESIN
ADHESIVE
FILM
REPAIR REPAIR
DOUBLER DOUBLER
PLY 7 PLY 8
REPAIR DOUBLER REPAIR
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
PLIES 3 AND 4 DOUBLER
PLIES 5 AND 6
50.8 mm (2.0 in.)
TYPICAL OVERLAP REPAIR DOUBLER
PLIES 1 AND 2
ADHESIVE FOAM
CORE PLUG
ADHESIVE FILM
TYPICAL OVERLAP
User: btechops
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
COMPLETE REPAIR (CORE PLUG SHOWN)
EM170SRM710100B.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Outer Skin and Honeycomb Core Repair Scheme
Figure 204
1
6.4 mm (0.25 in.)
TYPICAL OVERLAP
6.4 mm (0.25 in.) 12.7 mm (0.5 in.)
RESIN TYPICAL OVERLAP TYPICAL OVERLAP
EXPANDED
COPPER
FOIL PLY
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
RESIN
ADHESIVE
FILM
REPAIR REPAIR
DOUBLER DOUBLER
PLY 7 PLY 8
REPAIR DOUBLER REPAIR
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
PLIES 3 AND 4 DOUBLER
PLIES 5 AND 6
50.8 mm (2.0 in.)
TYPICAL OVERLAP REPAIR DOUBLER
PLIES 1 AND 2
ADHESIVE FILM REPAIR FILLER
PLIES 1 AND 2
ADHESIVE FOAM
CORE PLUG
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
2 EM170SRM710087B.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Door Skin - Inner Skin and Honeycomb Core Repair Scheme
Figure 205
1
COPE
RESIN PLUG
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
ADHESIVE FILM
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REPAIR DOUBLER PLIES 1 AND 2
REPAIR DOUBLER PLY 3
2
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EM170SRM710098B.DGN
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
SRM PART II 51-70-04 COMPOSITES - REMOVAL OF DAMAGED AREA
SRM PART II 51-70-05 COMPOSITES - CLEANING OF AREA
SRM PART II 51-70-07 COMPOSITES - PLIES REPLACEMENT
SRM PART II 51-70-08 COMPOSITES - LAY-UP/BAGGING PROCEDURE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 51-70-09 COMPOSITES - REPAIR CURE
SRM PART II 51-70-10 COMPOSITES - REFINISHING
COMPOSITES - REPAIR OF EXPANDED COPPER FOIL
SRM PART II 51-73-00
AND BONDING METALLIC PLATE
3. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 201 to find the applicability of this repair.
B. This repair is applicable when:
(1) The damaged plies are not wider (in fwd-aft direction) than 38.1 mm (1.50 in);
(2) The damage is not deeper than 3 (three) plies.
C. If this type of repair is not applicable, contact Embraer.
4. Repair Instructions (Figure 202)
A. Perform a visual detailed inspection of the damaged areas to find the extension of the damage.
B. Remove the fasteners that attach the rub strip to the fan cowl.
C. Remove the rub strip.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
D. Remove the damaged plies, following the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-04 and the
repair scheme shown in Figure 202, Sheet 1.
E. Use a 150-grit or finer silicon carbide abrasive paper to remove the surface finish and the
expanded copper foil from the outer skin, 38.1 mm (1.50 in) beyond the taper sanded area.
F. Use a 150-grit or finer silicon carbide abrasive paper to remove the surface finish ply from the
outer skin, 12.7 mm (0.50 in) beyond the removed expanded copper foil.
NOTE: The expanded copper foil should have a brightly polish appearance after the sanding
procedure.
G. Vacuum the area to remove any residues of unwanted material.
H. Clean the repair area (SRM PART II 51-70-05).
I. Follow the procedure described in SRM PART II 51-70-07, using M20/40%F/G904 prepreg plies
and FM300-2M.03 as adhesive film. Before curing the repair, lay an outer ply made with
M20/39%/120 style 120 fiberglass. The repair scheme is shown in Figure 202.
NOTE: The replacement plies must be laid up in the same orientation as that of the original ones.
J. Cure the repair part at 121°C (250°F) for 120 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
K. Remove the vacuum bag.
L. Use a 320 silicon carbide abrasive paper to sand the repair area, smoothing its surface.
NOTE: Do not sand through the fiberglass ply.
M. Back-drill new holes through the repair plies for the attachment of rub strip fasteners.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
NOTE: Use the existing holes in the repair area as a guide and use a back-up plate to prevent
the breakout.
N. Chamfer the leading edge of the fan cowl door in accordance with Figure 202.
O. Cut a piece of expanded copper foil repair material with sufficient size to make an overlap in the
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
repair area of, at least, 50.8 mm (2.0 in) around all sides of the repair.
P. Install the expanded copper foil ply using EA9390 resin and follow the procedure described in
SRM PART II 51-73-00.
Q. Install a vacuum bag and evacuate it (SRM PART II 51-70-08).
R. Cure the repair part at room temperature for 220 min (SRM PART II 51-70-09).
S. Reinstall the rub strip using NAS9314AD-4-() rivets and double countersink.
• The rivets on the inside of the fan cowl door must be flush.
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Leading Edge Repair Applicability
Figure 201 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
HINGE
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A
546 mm
(21.5 in.)
STARTER
OVERRIDE
PORT (REF.) STRAKE (REF.)
IDG DOOR
ASSY
(REF.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
38.1 mm
(1.5 in.)
432 mm
(17.0 in.)
EM170SRM710104B.DGN
LATCH
LEGEND:
B (REF.)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Leading Edge Repair Applicability
Figure 201 - Sheet 2
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
B
HINGE
(REF.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
FADEC PORT
(REF.)
559 mm
(22.0 in.)
A
STRAKE
(REF.)
38.1 mm
(1.5 in.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EXHAUST VENT
(REF.)
254 mm
EM170SRM710105B.DGN
(10.0 in.)
KEEPER
(REF.)
LEGEND: B
THIS REPAIR IS APPLICABLE TO THIS AREA.
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Leading Edge Repair Scheme
Figure 202 - Sheet 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
ALUMINUM EDGE PROTECTOR (REF.)
(REMOVE BEFORE STARTING REPAIR)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
TYPICAL LEADING EDGE DAMAGE
2
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Leading Edge Repair Scheme
Figure 202 - Sheet 2
3
6.4 mm (0.25 in.) TYP OVERLAP
FOR FIBERGLASS PLY
STYLE 120 FIBERGLASS 12.7 mm (0.50 in.) TYP
(O PT DEG) OVERLAP
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REPAIR PLY 1 (0 DEG)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
25.4 mm (1.0 in.)
EXISTING ECS
FILM ADHESIVE
EXISTING ECS
1.14/0.64 mm 16 DEG. TYP
(0.045/0.025 in.)
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
3. Applicability
A. This section is applicable to cracks, bent or broken parts on the LH and RH fan cowling machined
spar latch cut out.
B. Maximum trim out area is 20.32 mm (0.8 in) x 20.32 mm (0.8 in).
C. Refer to Figure 101 to find the applicable area of this repair.
4. Allowable Damage Limits and Procedures
the outer skin and remove minimum amount of material from fitting while removing the
damage completely. De-burr sharp edges. Keep a minimum of 2D of edge distance from
nearest fastener.
C. Do a High Frequency Eddy Current (HFEC) inspection of the latch fitting damage area and
adjacent areas to ensure no cracks are present. Inspect to verify no crack exists on the mating
skin.
D. Do a Detailed Inspection (DET) for interference between adjacent parts.
E. Apply alodine as per (SRM PART II 51-23-04).
F. Apply epoxy primer as per (SRM PART II 51-23-05).
A
423
ZONE
LEGEND:
Figure 101
User: btechops
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
AFFECTED AREA
413
ZONE
Fan Cowl Machined Spar - Allowable Damage
E
TYPICAL
FAN COWL
MACHINED SPAR
71-11-02
C
STRUCTURAL
D
REPAIR MANUAL
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
A
TYPICAL
B
EM170SRM710131A.DGN
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
D. If there is no repair applicable to your case, tell Embraer.
E. When the Repair Material List Specification shows MEP, refer to SM - Standard Manual.
2. References
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
3. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 201 to find the applicability of the fan cowl hinge fitting bearing repair.
B. This repair is applicable when:
(1) The wear at the diameter of the fan cowl hinge fitting bore does not exceed 24.61 mm
(0.969 in) after clean up.
C. The hinge fitting must be removed from the fan cowl for this repair.
D. If the conditions above are not satisfied, tell Embraer.
4. Repair Instructions
A. Remove the old bearing (Figure 201).
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
• Pitting;
• Gouges;
• Scratches.
(2) Inspect the chamfer on both sides of the hinge fitting.
(3) Measure the inner diameter of the hinge bearing bore. If the hole diameter is greater than
23.0 mm (0.906 in) in any radial location, proceed with an oversize-bearing repair.
C. Ream hinge fitting bores, if required:
(1) Set up the hinge fitting in a drill press or mill.
(2) Make sure that the two holes are in-line and the hinge fitting lug face is perpendicular to the
tool.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
(3) Ream the hole to a maximum diameter of 24.59 to 24.61 mm (0.968 to 0.969 in).
(4) Keep a 125 RMS surface finish on the reamed holes.
D. Make the repair insert:
(1) Machine insert from 15-5PH, H1025.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
(2) The insert must have an outside diameter interference fit of 0.002 to 0.051 mm (0.0008 to
0.0020 in) with the reamed hole.
(3) Surface finish is 125 RMS.
(4) The insert wall thickness must be 0.076 mm (0.030 in) minimum.
E. Install the insert:
(1) Put the insert in liquid nitrogen.
(2) Fully immerse the insert for 10 minutes to make sure that the size is adequately reduced to
fit into the bore.
(3) Install the frozen insert into the bore and roller swag.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Fan Cowl Hinge Fitting - Repair Description
Figure 201
B
A
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A A
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
C
B
1 MACHINED
EDGE PUNCH
2 INSERT
HOUSING HOUSING
BEARING
3 BEARING
INSERT
4
INSERT BEARING
HOUSING
EM170SRM710095A.DGN
HOUSING
C−C
Embraer 190 - SRM 1929 Repair 51
Printed by FlyEmbraer - Feb 12/18 71-11-21 Page 3 of 3
User: btechops Rev 36 - Jul 21/17
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
Filtered Serial Nº contained in this publication: 24, 36, 37, 41, 43, 68, 97, 110, 121, 122, 129, 135, 138, 145, 146, 151, 200, 208, 234, 238, 248, 251, 273, 287, 408, 455, 466, 499, 518, 525, 531, STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
• Figure 3 for the inner barrel skin.
C. The table below shows the allowable damage tasks for the air inlet module skin:
Table 1 - Allowable Damage Tasks for theAir Inlet Module Skin
AFFECTED AREA LOCATION ALLOWABLE DAMAGE TASKS
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 71-61-01/ALLOWABLE DAMAGE
Lip Skin
51
SRM PART II 71-61-01/ALLOWABLE DAMAGE
Outer Barrel Skin
52
SRM PART II 71-61-01/ALLOWABLE DAMAGE
Inner Barrel Skin
53
2. References
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Lip Skin Thickness
Figure 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A
LIP SKIN
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
LEGEND :
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Outer Barrel Skin Thickness
Figure 2
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
UPPER
OUTER BARREL
1
PANEL EDGE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
B 50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
EDGE
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
STIFFENER
AREA
LOWER 1
OUTER BARREL
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
TYPICAL
EDGE
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
STIFFENER
AREA
STIFFENER
EM170SRM710065A.DGN
1 THE CONTOURS SHOWN IN THIS FIGURE REPRESENTS THE INTERNAL MILLED SURFACES.
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Inner Barrel Skin Thickness
Figure 3
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
t=0.51 mm (0.020 in.)
76.2 mm
B 76.2 mm (3.0 in.)
(3.0 in.) TYPICAL HOOP
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
TYPICAL FROM EDGE
THRU PORTS
C
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
TYPICAL FWD
EDGE
UPPER INNER
BARREL
102 mm
(4.0 in.)
TYPICAL AFT
EDGE
A
C
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
C TYPICAL HOOP
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EDGE
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
TYPICAL FWD
EDGE
LOWER INNER
BARREL
EM170SRM710066A.DGN
102 mm
(4.0 in.)
TYPICAL AFT
EDGE
B C
Embraer 190 - SRM 1929 General
Printed by FlyEmbraer - Feb 12/18 71-61-01 Page 4 of 4
User: btechops Rev 36 - Jul 21/17
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
Filtered Serial Nº contained in this publication: 24, 36, 37, 41, 43, 68, 97, 110, 121, 122, 129, 135, 138, 145, 146, 151, 200, 208, 234, 238, 248, 251, 273, 287, 408, 455, 466, 499, 518, 525, 531, STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
barrel joints, you must replace them.
D. When the Consumable Materials List specification shows MEP, refer to SM - Standard Manual.
2. References
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
4. Consumable Materials
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
5. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 101 to find the lip skin allowable damage zones.
B. Table 101 gives the allowable damage applicability.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
in²).
[1] DISCONTINUITY IS CONSIDERED AS A DAMAGE, A FASTENER HOLE OR A EDGE.
[2] FOR THROUGH DAMAGE, THIS DISTANCE IS MEASURED FROM THE CENTER OF THE HOLE TO THE EDGE OF AN ADJACENT FASTENER, OR TO
THE EDGE OF ANOTHER DAMAGE.
[3] THE LIP SKIN SEGMENTS ARE DEFINED AS UPPER HALF OR LOWER HALF. REFER TO Figure 101.
[4] DISCONTINUITY IS CONSIDERED AS A DAMAGE.
C. If the conditions above are not satisfied, see the repair section.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
6. Allowable Damage Limits andProcedures
A. Measure the damage dimensions. They must be within the limits given in Table 102. If not,
consult the repair section.
NOTE: For thickness reduction damage and through damage, the dimensions are measured
after the rework.
B. Table 102 below gives the allowable damage limits and instructions.
Table 102 - Damage Limitsand Allowable Damage Instruction
DEFINITIVE
TYPE OF DAMAGE ZONE DIMENSION IMMEDIATE ACTION FLY-BY
ACTION
After blend-out (SRM PART
• Depth ≤ 20% II 51-10-03), apply Class 3 -
and Colorless Chemical Conver- Allowable Damage
• Blend-out area ≤ sion Compound MIL- No Action Required
3,225 mm² (5.0 in²) DTL-81706 (SRM PART II
Thickness Reduction Zone B 51-23-04).
Damage
• Depth > 20%
or
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
in)
or
• Relation W/H < 25
Zone A Any Consult the repair section
Diameter ≤ 6.35mm Allowable Damage
Do the step Item 6.C
Zone A (0.25 in) No action required
Through Damage
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
Zone B Diameter > 6.35mm
Consult the repair section N/A
(0.25 in)
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Lip Skin - Allowable Damage Zones
Figure 101
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
C
INLET
LIP SKIN
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A
B
1
A
SEGMENT
UPPER HALF
FWD BULKHEAD
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
B
INLET
LIP SKIN
ZONE A
38.1 mm
(1.5 in.)
FROM THE ATTACHMENT
(TYPICAL)
EM170SRM710057D.DGN
LEGEND: ZONE A
50.8 mm
ZONE A (2.0 in.) ZONE B
ZONE B
C−C
1 THIS AREA EXTENDS TO 38.1 mm (1.5 in.) FROM THE ATTACHMENT.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
must be replaced.
D. When the Consumable Materials List Specification shows MEP, refer to the SM - Standard
Manual.
2. References
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
4. Consumable Materials
5. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 101 to find the outer barrel skin allowable damage zones.
B. Table 101 below gives the allowable damage applicability.
C. If the conditions above are not satisfied, consult the repair section.
6. Allowable Damage Limits andProcedures
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A. Measure the damage dimensions. It must be within the limits given in Table 102. If not, consult
the repair section.
NOTE: For thickness reduction damage and through damage, the dimensions are measured
after the rework.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
B. Table 102 below gives the allowable damage limits and instructions.
Table 102 - Damage Limitsand Allowable Damage Instruction
TYPE OF IMMEDIATE DEFINITIVE
ZONE DIMENSION FLY-BY
DAMAGE ACTION ACTION
Apply alodine (SRM
Depth ≤ 20% After blend-out PART II 51-23-04), ap-
and (SRM PART II ply epoxy primer (SRM
- 5000 FC or 2 years,
Blend-out area ≤ 51-10-03), apply PART II 51-23-05) and
whichever first occurs.
3,225 mm² Alodine (SRM PART restore the original fin-
Thickness (5.0 in²). II 51-23-04). ishing (SRM PART II
Zone A
Reduction 51-23-06).
Zone B
Damage
Depth > 20%
or
Blend-out area > Consult the repair section
3,225 mm²
(5.0 in²).
Depth ≤ 3.2 mm
(0.125 in)
Allowable Damage
Width ≤ 76.2 mm
No Action Required
(3.0 in)
Relation W/H ≥ 25.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT THE AIRCRAFT IS IN A SAFE CONDITION BEFORE YOU DO
THE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES. THIS IS TO PREVENT INJURY TO
PERSONS AND/OR DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.
(1) Make the aircraft safe for maintenance.
(2) Use a workstand (engine and pylon) to get access to the damaged area.
CAUTION: USE A DRILL STOP COLLAR TO LIMIT THE USEFUL LENGTH OF THE DRILL BIT
TO APPROXIMATELY 10 mm (0.40 in). IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS PRECAUTION,
DAMAGE TO THE LIP SKIN INTERNAL SYSTEMS CAN OCCUR.
(3) Remove the damage by drilling a rivet hole (SRM PART II 51-40-02).
(4) Do a dye-penetrant inspection to make sure that the damage is completely removed. Refer
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
to NDT INTRODUCTION.
(5) Soak a rivet FLUSH-HEAD MONEL BLIND-RIVET (CR3524-( )) in Gray Silicone
Sealant MEP 09-045 and install it.
(6) Remove the excess of sealant from the repair area. Use a clean lint-free wiper cloth moist
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
with Grade A Isopropyl Alcohol TT-I-735. Rub the surface dry before the solvent evaporates.
(7) Remove the workstand (engine and pylon).
(8) Remove all tools, equipment and unwanted material from the workarea.
(9) Put the aircraft back to its initial condition.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Outer Barrel Skin - Allowable Damage Applicability
Figure 101
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
UPPER
OUTER BARREL
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
1
B PANEL EDGE
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
EDGE
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
STIFFENER
AREA
STIFFENER
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
A SCOOP REGION
AREA
TYPICAL
FROM SCOOP
LOWER
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
OUTER BARREL
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
EDGE
50.8 mm
(2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
STIFFENER
AREA
EM170SRM710058B.DGN
LEGEND: STIFFENER
AREA 50.8 mm
ZONE A
B (2.0 in.)
TYPICAL
ZONE B
FROM DOOR
1 THE CONTOURS SHOWN IN THIS FIGURE REPRESENTS THE INTERNAL MILLED SURFACES.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
C. If there are missing, loose, or damaged fasteners in the inner barrel joints, they must be replaced
with repair fasteners.
D. When the Consumable Materials List Specification shows MEP, refer to the SM - Standard
Manual.
2. References
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
4. Consumable Materials
5. Applicability
A. Refer to Table 101 and Figure 101 to find the applicability of allowable damage to the inner barrel
acoustic panel.
B. Damage must be a minimum of 152.0 mm (6.0 in) from other damaged spot or reworked area.
C. The sum of the reworked areas must not exceed 3226 mm² (5.0 in²).
D. Blend out to a width-to-depth ratio of 10:1 minimum.
E. Pulled or loose fasteners are not allowed.
F. If the conditions above are not satisfied, tell it to Embraer.
6. Allowable Damage Limits and Procedures
A. Measure the damage dimensions. It must be within the limits given in Table 101. If not, contact
Embraer.
NOTE: For thickness reduction damage, dimensions are measured after the rework.
B. If necessary, do an ultrasonic inspection to determine the minimum thickness (NDT PART 1
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
TASK 51-00-00-914-801-A).
C. Table 101 below gives the allowable damage limits and instructions. For zones for which there are
no instructions, contact Embraer.
Table 101 - Damage Limits and Allowable Damage Instructions
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
TYPE OF IMMEDIATE DEFINITIVE
ZONE DIMENSION FLY-BY
DAMAGE ACTION ACTION
After blendout (SRM - 5000 FC or 1. Prepare for surface fin-
Thickness PART II 51-10-03), apply 2 years, ish (Item 7.A);
Zone A Depth ≤ 20%[1]
Reduction Alodine (SRM PART II whichever oc- 2. Restore the original fin-
Zone B 51-23-04). curs first. ishing (Item 7.B).
Damage
Depth > 20%[1] Tell it to Embraer.
Width ≤101.6 mm
(4.0 in)
and No action is required - Allowable Damage
Depth ≤ 6.35 mm
(0.25 in)
Dent Zone A
Width > 101.6 mm
(4.0 in)
or Tell it to Embraer.
Depth > 6.35 mm
(0.25 in)
Hole/Puncture ANY ANY Tell it to Embraer.
[1] The sum of the reworked areas must not exceed 3226 mm² (5.0 in²)
WARNING: BE CAREFUL WHEN YOU USE THE METHYL ETHYL KETONE (MEK). PUT ON
SAFETY GOGGLES AND PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. DO NOT BREATHE THE
GAS OR DUST. DO THE WORK IN AN AREA WHICH HAS A GOOD FLOW OF
AIR. THE METHYL ETHYL KETONE (MEK) IS POISONOUS AND HIGHLY
FLAMMABLE.
(1) Mask all surfaces around the damaged area so that the solution does not touch them. Use
neutral kraft paper and adhesive tape.
(2) Prepare the repaired area for the surface finish. Use the scotch brite pad, light grade to
carefully sand the repaired area.
(3) Use a clean lint-free wiper cloth made moist with the Methyl Ethyl Ketone ASTM-D-740 to
clean the repaired area.
(4) Use a clean lint-free wiper cloth to make the area dry.
B. Put back surface finish to the perforated skin
(1) Mix the Paint Epoxy High Temperature RPS13.97 in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions.
(2) Apply the Paint Epoxy High Temperature RPS13.97 to put back the external surface finish
on the repaired area as a spray. Use a paint spray equipment. The flash time is 15/30 min.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
(3) Remove the paper masking adhesive tape from the repaired area.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Inner Barrel Acoustic Panel - Allowable Damage Applicability
Figure 101
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
76.2 mm
A 76.2 mm (3.0 in.)
TYPICAL HOOP
(3.0 in.)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
TYPICAL FROM EDGE
THRU PORTS
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
TYPICAL FWD
EDGE
UPPER INNER
BARREL
102 mm
(4.0 in.)
TYPICAL AFT
EDGE
76.2 mm
A (3.0 in.)
TYPICAL HOOP
EDGE
76.2 mm
(3.0 in.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
TYPICAL FWD
EDGE
LOWER INNER
BARREL
102 mm
EM170SRM710059B.DGN
(4.0 in.)
TYPICAL AFT
EDGE
LEGEND: B
ZONE A
ZONE B
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
3. Applicability
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
A. Refer to Figure 101 to find the Nose Cap Rubber Seal allowable damage zone.
4. Allowable Damage Limits andProcedures
A. Table 101 below gives the allowable damage limits and instructions.
Table 101 - Limits for Surface Protectiondamage
TYPE OF DAM- IMMEDIATE AC- DEFINITIVE AC-
DIMENSION FLY-BY
AGE TION TION
Apply speed tape 6000 FC
Replace the Rub-
Erosion Any according to SRM (Check the speed
ber Seal
PART II 51-22-01. tape every 50 FC)
B. Before the end of the fly-by period, remove the nose cap fairing according to AMM TASK
71-61-03-000-801-A/400.
C. Remove the rivets COUNTERSUNK-HEAD MONEL BLIND-RIVET (CR3524P5) that attach the
rubber seal from the nose cap fairing.
D. Install the new part.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
A
Figure 101
User: btechops
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
(REF.)
A
B
RUBBER SEAL
B
71-61-01
STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
A
EM170SRM710122A.DGN
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 51-21-05 FASTENER SEALING
SRM PART II 51-23-04 PRETREATMENT TO METAL PARTS
SRM PART II 51-23-05 SURFACE PROTECTION - PRIMER
SRM PART II 51-40-02 FASTENERS - DRILLING
SRM PART II 51-40-04 FASTENERS - COUNTERSINKING
SRM PART II 51-41-02 SOLID RIVETS - FLUSH HEAD
SRM PART II 51-42-02 CHERRYMAX BLIND RIVETS - FLUSH HEAD
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
5. Applicability
A. This repair is applicable when:
(1) There is a minimum distance of 25.4 mm (1.0 in) from the repair cutout to any existing
attachment riveting row.
(2) There is a minimum distance of 38.1 mm (1.5 in) from the repair cutout to the nearest repair.
B. There are no limits regarding the size of the cutout.
C. If the conditions above are not satisfied, contact Embraer.
6. Repair Instructions
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT THE AIRCRAFT IS IN A SAFE CONDITION BEFORE YOU DO THE
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES. THIS IS TO PREVENT INJURY TO PERSONS
AND/OR DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A. Do the procedure to make the aircraft safe for maintenance (AMM TASK 20-00-00-910-801-A/
200).
B. Use a workstand (engine and pylon) to get access to the damaged area.
C. Determine the cutout position and do the check for the applicability of the repair, according to Item
5.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
CAUTION: USE A DRILL STOP COLLAR TO LIMIT THE USEFUL LENGTH OF THE DRILL BIT TO
APPROXIMATELY 10 mm (0.40 in). IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS PRECAUTION,
DAMAGE TO THE LIP SKIN INTERNAL SYSTEMS CAN OCCUR.
D. Cut the damaged area out.
E. Do the inspection of the internal components of the lip skin. If there is damage in the piccolo tube
or other internal component, contact Embraer.
F. Make an NDI (eddy current or dye-penetrant inspection) to make sure that the damage is
completely removed.
G. Make the repair parts as follows in the Table 201:
Table 201 - Repair Material
REFERENCE NAME MATERIAL
2219-T62 Aluminum-alloy
Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.) thick
Item (1), Figure 201, Sheet 2 Doubler or Alclad 2024-T3 Aluminum-
alloy Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.)
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
thick
2219-T62 Aluminum-alloy
Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.) thick
Item (2), Figure 201, Sheet 2 Internal splice or Alclad 2024-T3 Aluminum-
alloy Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.)
thick
2219-T62 Aluminum-alloy
Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.) thick
Item (3), Figure 201, Sheet 2 Filler or Alclad 2024-T3 Aluminum-
alloy Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.)
thick
100-Degree Countersunk-Head
Figure 201, Sheet 2 Rivet Aluminum Solid Rivet
(NAS1097 E-5)
NOTE: For this repair, the doubler material 2219-T62 Aluminum-alloy Sheet, 1.8 mm (0.071 in.)
thick must be in the bare condition.
NOTE: • Cut the filler to the same dimension as that of the cutout area using the damaged lip
skin as a reference.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
• Make sure to leave a gap of approximately 1.0 mm (0.04 in) between the filler and
the repair cutout.
• The aluminum parts should be formed in "AQ/W" condition, heat treated, cold
formed and age hardened to the T62 final condition. Refer to NE40-002, NE03-076
and NE40-003 contained in SM - Standard Manual. The "O" condition can be
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
performed as an alternative method provided that the T62 final condition is
respected.
CAUTION: USE A DRILL STOP COLLAR TO LIMIT THE USEFUL LENGTH OF THE DRILL BIT TO
APPROXIMATELY 10 mm (0.40 in). IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS PRECAUTION,
DAMAGE TO THE LIP SKIN INTERNAL SYSTEMS CAN OCCUR.
H. Position the repair parts in their installation position and drill the riveting holes (SRM PART II
51-40-02 and SRM PART II 51-40-04). Refer to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
I. Remove nicks, burrs and sharp edges from the repair parts and from the cut-out area.
J. Clean the repair area and the repair parts with a lint-free wiper cloth moist with Grade A Isopropyl
Alcohol TT-I-735. Rub the surfaces dry before the solvent evaporates.
K. Apply Class 3 - Colorless Chemical Conversion Compound MIL-DTL-81706 (SRM PART II
51-23-04) to the repair parts and to the repair cutout.
L. Apply Adhesive, Primer Type I, Grade A, Class 2 MEP 09-062 (SRM PART II 51-23-05) to:
• Internal surface of the filler;
NOTE: Do not apply the epoxy primer to the external surfaces of the filler and/or the lip skin.
M. Apply Gray Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045to the mating surfaces of the doublers and doubler
splices and put them in their installation positions.
N. Soak the rivets 100-Degree Countersunk-Head Aluminum Solid Rivet (NAS1097 E-5) in Gray
Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045 and install them (SRM PART II 51-21-05 and SRM PART II
51-41-02). Refer to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
O. Apply Gray Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045 to the mating surface of the filler and put it in its
installation position.
P. Soak the rivets COUNTERSUNK-HEAD MONEL BLIND-RIVET (CR3524P5) in Gray Silicone
Sealant MEP 09-045 and install them (SRM PART II 51-21-05 and SRM PART II 51-42-02). Refer
to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
Q. Apply Gray Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045 to the gap between the filler and the skin (SRM PART II
51-21-03). Refer to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
R. Remove the excess of sealant with a lint-free wiper cloth moist with Grade A Isopropyl
Alcohol TT-I-735. Rub the surfaces dry before the solvent evaporates.
S. Remove all tools, equipment and unwanted material.
T. Put the aircraft back to a serviceable condition (AMM TASK 20-00-00-910-801-A/200).
7. Repair Inspections and Replacement Requirements
A. This repair does not affect an FCS. Therefore, there is no change in the maintenance plan due to
this repair installation.
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
C
A
User: btechops
3. FILLER
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
71-61-01
1. DOUBLER
STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
A
SPLICE
2. DOUBLER
EM170SRM710115A.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Lip Skin - Permanent Repair
Figure 201 - Sheet 2
1 D−D
AERODYNAMIC
SEALANT 3. FILLER 2
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
2
E−E INTERFACE 2. DOUBLER
1. DOUBLER 1 1. DOUBLER 2
SEALANT SPLICE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
E E
D D
4D RIVET
SPACING
(TYPICAL)
1.0 mm (0.04 in)
APPROXIMATELY
CORNER RADIUS
12.7 mm (0.5 in)
2 RIVET ROWS (TYPICAL)
ON EACH SIDE
OF THE CUTOUT
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
(TYPICAL)
FILLER
LEGEND:
NAS1097E5 RIVET.
EM170SRM710062D.DGN
2D EDGE MARGIN
CR3524P−5 RIVET.
(TYPICAL)
D : RIVET DIAMETER 2. DOUBLER
SPLICE 2 C
1 SEALANT RTV157
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
SRM PART II 51-21-03 AERODYNAMIC SEALING
SRM PART II 51-21-05 FASTENER SEALING
SRM PART II 51-23-02 PAINT REMOVAL/STRIPPING
SRM PART II 51-23-04 PRETREATMENT TO METAL PARTS
SRM PART II 51-23-05 SURFACE PROTECTION - PRIMER
SRM PART II 51-23-06 TOPCOAT
SRM PART II 51-40-02 FASTENERS - DRILLING
SRM PART II 51-41-01 SOLID RIVETS - PROTRUDING HEAD
SRM PART II 51-42-01 CHERRYMAX BLIND RIVETS - PROTRUDING HEAD
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
5. Applicability
A. This repair is applicable when:
(1) There is a minimum distance of 43.2 mm (1.7 in) from the repair cutout to the nearest repair,
riveting row, or skin edge.
(2) The repair cutout is less than or equal to 152.4 mm (6.0 in) in the forward/aft direction and
304.8 mm (12.0 in) in the circumferential direction (Figure 201, Sheet 2).
B. If the conditions above are not satisfied, contact Embraer.
6. Repair Instructions
WARNING: MAKE SURE THAT THE AIRCRAFT IS IN A SAFE CONDITION BEFORE YOU DO THE
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES. THIS IS TO PREVENT INJURY TO PERSONS
AND/OR DAMAGE TO THE EQUIPMENT.
A. Do the procedure to make the aircraft safe for maintenance (AMM TASK 20-00-00-910-801-A/
200).
B. Use a workstand (engine and pylon) to get access to the damaged area.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
C. Determine the cutout position and check the applicability of the repair according to Item 5.
CAUTION: USE A DRILL STOP COLLAR TO LIMIT THE USEFUL LENGTH OF THE DRILL BIT TO
APPROXIMATELY 10 mm (0.40 in). IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS PRECAUTION,
DAMAGE TO THE INLET COWL INTERNAL SYSTEMS CAN OCCUR.
D. Cut the damaged area out.
E. Inspect the internal components of the outer barrel. If the damage affects any internal system
component, contact Embraer.
F. Make a NDI (eddy current or dye-penetrant inspection) to make sure that the damage is
completely removed.
G. Make the repair parts:
alloy Sheet
Alclad 2024-T42 Aluminum-
Figure 201, Sheet 2, item (3) Filler
alloy Sheet
UNIVERSAL-HEAD MONEL
Figure 201, Sheet 2 Rivet
SOLID-RIVET (MS20615-5M)
Protruding-Head Monel Blind
Figure 201, Sheet 2 Rivet
Rivet (CR3523P-5)
NOTE: • The repair parts (doublers, internal splices and filler) shall be made with the same
thickness as the damaged area;
• The aluminum parts shall be formed in “O” condition and heat treated to the final
condition T42. Refer to NE40-003 contained in the SM - Standard Manual.
• Make sure to leave a gap of approximately 1.0 mm (0.04 in) between the filler and
the repair cutout.
CAUTION: USE A DRILL STOP COLLAR TO LIMIT THE USEFUL LENGTH OF THE DRILL BIT TO
APPROXIMATELY 10 mm (0.40 in). IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS PRECAUTION,
DAMAGE TO THE INLET COWL INTERNAL SYSTEMS CAN OCCUR.
H. Position the repair parts in their installation positions and drill the riveting holes (SRM PART II
51-40-02). Refer to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
I. Remove nicks, burrs, and sharp edges from the repair parts and from the cut-out area.
CAUTION: DO NOT USE METAL BRUSHES, METAL SCRAPERS, CHIPCHASERS, PICKS,
SCREWDRIVERS, BLADES, STEEL WOOL OR ABRASIVES TO REMOVE SEALANTS
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
AND PAINT. THESE TOOLS CAN CAUSE SCRATCHES AND CRACKS AND, AS A
RESULT, SERIOUS DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT CAN OCCUR.
J. Remove the paint (SRM PART II 51-23-02) and clean the repair area and the repair parts with a
lint-free wiper cloth soaked in Grade A Isopropyl Alcohol TT-I-735.
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
K. Apply Class 3 - Colorless Chemical Conversion Compound MIL-DTL-81706 (SRM PART II
51-23-04) to the repair parts and to the repair cutout.
L. Apply Adhesive, Primer Type I, Grade A, Class 2 MEP 09-062 (SRM PART II 51-23-05) to the
repair parts and to the repair cutout.
M. Apply Gray Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045) to the mating surfaces of the doublers and doubler
splices and put them in their installation positions.
N. Soak the rivets UNIVERSAL-HEAD MONEL SOLID-RIVET (MS20615-5M) in Gray Silicone
Sealant MEP 09-045 and install them (SRM PART II 51-21-05 and SRM PART II 51-41-01). Refer
to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
O. Apply Gray Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045 to the mating surface of the filler and put it in its
installation position.
P. Soak the rivets Protruding-Head Monel Blind Rivet (CR3523P-5) in Gray Silicone Sealant MEP
09-045 and install them (SRM PART II 51-21-05 and SRM PART II 51-42-01). Refer to Figure
201, Sheet 2.
Q. Apply Gray Silicone Sealant MEP 09-045 to the gap between the filler and the skin (SRM PART II
51-21-03). Refer to Figure 201, Sheet 2.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
R. Remove the excess of sealant with a lint-free wiper cloth moist with Grade A Isopropyl
Alcohol TT-I-735. Rub the surfaces dry before the solvent evaporates.
S. Restore the original finishing of the repaired area (SRM PART II 51-23-06).
T. Remove all tools, equipment and unwanted material.
U. Put the aircraft back to its initial condition (AMM TASK 20-00-00-910-801-A/200).
7. Repair Inspections and ReplacementRequirements
A. This repair does not affect an FCS. Therefore, there is no change in the maintenance plan due to
this repair installation.
User: btechops
SPLICE
2. DOUBLER
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
71-61-01
STRUCTURAL
REPAIR MANUAL
Copyright © by Embraer S.A. All rights reserved - See title page for details.
C
B
LOCATION OF
INTERNAL Z−FRAME
3. FILLER
EM170SRM710067C.DGN
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Outer Barrel Skin - Permanent Repair
Figure 201 - Sheet 2
1 E−E
AERODYNAMIC
SEALANT 3. FILLER
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
INTERFACE 2. DOUBLER
1 SEALANT
1. DOUBLER SPLICE 1. DOUBLER
D−D 2. DOUBLER
SPLICE
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
D D
E E
ON EACH SIDE
OF THE CUTOUT
(TYPICAL) 3. FILLER
1. DOUBLER 1. DOUBLER
EM170SRM710063C.DGN
LEGEND:
CR3523P−5 RIVET.
2. DOUBLER
SPLICE
C (TYPICAL)
D : RIVET DIAMETER
1 SEALANT RTV157
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
2. References
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
DAMAGE ASSESSMENT - INVESTIGATION, CLASSIFI-
SRM PART II 51-10-02
CATION AND REMOVAL
SRM PART II 51-10-04 CRACK-STOP HOLE DRILLING
SRM PART II 51-23-06 TOPCOAT
SRM PART II 51-40-02 FASTENERS - DRILLING
REFERENCE DESIGNATION
5. Applicability
A. Refer to Figure 201 to find the applicability of the aft bulkhead web repair.
B. This repair is applicable when:
(1) The damage or damage cutout is located a minimum of 25.4 mm (1.0 in) from the nearest
production splice or repair splice, radial stiffener, access panel, thru fitting. It must also be
no more than 203 mm (8.0 in) long in the circumferential direction and 102 mm (4.0 in) in the
radial direction.
C. The minimum edge distance between the stop drill and rivet line must be 9.5 mm (0.375 in). Refer
to Figure 201.
D. If this type of repair is not allowed, check the applicability of other types of repair. If you do not find
any repair applicable to your case, contact Embraer.
6. Repair Instructions
A. Drill a stop hole of ø 3.175 mm (1/8 in) in the crack end (SRM PART II 51-10-04).
B. Make the repair parts:
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
BLIND-RIVET (CR3523-5)
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
AND PAINT. THESE TOOLS CAN CAUSE SCRATCHES AND CRACKS AND, AS A
RESULT, SERIOUS DAMAGE TO THE AIRCRAFT CAN OCCUR.
D. Remove nicks, burrs, and sharp edges from the repair parts and from the repair area.
E. Clean the repair area and the repair parts with a lint-free wiper cloth soaked in Methyl Ethyl
Ketone ASTM-D-740 or equivalent.
F. Perform special detailed inspection by liquid penetrant. No remaining damage is allowed.
G. Install blind fasteners (UNIVERSAL-HEAD MONEL BLIND-RIVET (CR3523-5)) around the
damage as shown in Figure 201.
H. Restore the original finishing of the repaired area (SRM PART II 51-23-06).
7. Repair Inspections and ReplacementRequirements
A. This repair does not affect an FCS. Therefore, there is no change in the maintenance plan due to
this repair installation.
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
EFFECTIVITY: ALL
Aft Bulkhead - Applicability and Repair Description
Figure 201
HARD COPY IS UNCONTROLLED. ONCE PRINTED, THIS PAGE MUST NOT BE RETAINED FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
A
BEFORE USING, MAKE SURE THIS HARD COPY IS THE LATEST ISSUE.
B
A
PRODUCTION SPLICE
(TYPICAL)
2D MIN EDGE
DISTANCE 3.2 mm (0.125 in)
STOP DRILL
538, 546, 552, 554, 557, 651, 664, 666, 672, 673, 679
RADIAL STIFFENER
(TYPICAL)
SPACING
B
TYPICAL