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Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 11 Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 11
ε 1 = 0.2
-500
ε2 = 0.3
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Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 11 Solutions Manual Orbital Mechanics for Engineering Students Chapter 11
λ = −3.414:
0
λ + 1 −3.414 + 1
x= = = 1.707
λ + 2 −3.414 + 2
-1 1 1
y=− =− = 0.7071
λ +2 −3.414 + 2
z2 = x + y + 2 xy = 1.707 + 0.70712 + 2 ⋅ 1.707 ⋅ 0.7071 = 5.828
2 2 2
1.5 2 2.5
Note that
1.726
∂2z ∂ 2 g ∂2z ∂2 g ∂2z ∂ 2 g 2
d 2 h = 2 + λ 2 dx2 + 2 +λ dxdy + 2 + λ 2 dy
∂x ∂x ∂ x∂ y ∂ x∂ y ∂y ∂y
Problem 11.6
d 2 h = (2 + λ ⋅ 2) dx2 + 2(2 + λ ⋅ 0) dxdy + (2 + λ ⋅ 2) dy 2
z = x2 + y 2 + 2 xy
g = x2 − 2 x + y 2
( )
d 2 h = 2(λ + 1) dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy
For λ = −0.5858 ,
(
h = z + λg = x2 + y 2 + 2 xy + λ x2 − 2 x + y 2 )
( ) ( )
d 2 h = 2(λ + 1) dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy = 2( −0.5858 + 1) dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy
∂h
∂x
= 2 x + 2 y + λ (2 x − 2) = 0 ⇒ (λ + 1) x + y = λ ( )
= 0.8284 dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy
∂h
= 2 y + 2 x + λ (2 y) = 0 ⇒ x + (λ + 1) y = 0 Since d 2 h > 0 , z1 = zmin .
∂y
For λ = −3.414 ,
λ + 1 1 x λ
∴ =
λ + 1 y 0
1 ( ) ( )
d 2 h = 2(λ + 1) dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy = 2( −3.414 + 1) dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy
λ +1
x λ + 1
−1
1 λ 1 λ + 1 −1 λ λ + 2 ( )
= −4.828 dx2 + dy 2 + 4 dxdy
= = ( =
1
y 1 λ + 1 0 λ λ + 2) −1 λ + 1 0
−
λ +2 Since d 2 h < 0 , z2 = zmax .
x2 − 2 x + y 2 = 0
(λ + 1)2 λ +1 1
−2 + =0
(λ + 2)2 λ + 2 (λ + 2)2
Multiply through by (λ + 2) (this is okay since λ + 2 = 0 clearly does not correspond to a local
2
extremum). Then
λ2 + 4λ + 2 = 0
The two roots are −0.5858 and − 3.414 .
λ = −0.5858:
λ + 1 −0.5858 + 1
x= = = 0.2929
λ + 2 −0.5858 + 2
1 1
y=− =− = −0.7071
λ +2 −0.585 + 2
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