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8
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SCIENCE
Quarter IV – Week 2
Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Science – Grade 8
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Quarter IV - Week 2: Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

First Edition, 2020

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 Lesson 1

Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

MELC: Compare mitosis and meiosis, and their role in the cell-division cycle.
(S8LT - IVd -16)
Explain the significance of meiosis in maintaining the chromosome number.
(S8LT - IVe -17)

Objectives:
1. Describe the stages of mitosis and meiosis.
2. Compare mitosis and meiosis as to their number of daughter cells produced and
number of chromosomes.
3. Explain the importance of mitosis and meiosis and the significance of meiosis in
maintaining the chromosome number.

Let’s Try
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your choice on the
space provided before the number.

1. Which of the following is the correct arrangement of the stages of mitosis?

A. Anaphase, Metaphase, Prophase, Telophase
B. Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
C. Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase, Metaphase
D. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

2. What stage of mitosis wherein the chromosomes move towards the opposite poles?
A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

For numbers 3 and 4, study the illustrations below.

1 2 3 4

3. Which is the proper sequence of events during mitosis?

A. 1 – 3 – 4 – 2 C. 3 – 1 – 2 – 4
B. 2 – 3 – 4 – 1 D. 3 – 2 – 1 – 4

4. What stage of mitosis is shown in picture number 2, as shown above?

A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

5. In what stage of mitosis do the two sets of chromosomes are encased with new
nuclear membranes?
A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

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 6. Which statement about mitosis is NOT correct?
A. It makes diploid nuclei C. It produces two daughter cells.
B. It forms four daughter cells D. The prophase is the first active phase.

7. The diploid chromosome number in an organism is 46. How many is the number of
chromosomes in its sex cells?
A. 23 B. 42 C. 63 D. 84

8. What do you call the process in which the cytoplasm divides?

A. Chromosomes C. Cytokinesis
B. Crossing over D. Homologous

9. The human kind has 23 chromosomes. What does this statement describe?
A. The human egg cell only C. The human skin cell.
B. The human sperm cell only D. Both the human egg and sperm cell

10. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that occurs
during meiosis is called ____.
A. Crossing over B. Cytokinesis C. Gametes D. Synapsis

Let’s Explore and Discover

Have you ever wondered how you become taller

than your height last year or previous years? Or how
come you look more like your mother than your father?
How are sex cells (sperm and egg cells) formed? All
these questions can be related to why each cell in your
body grows and divides. Let us try to find the answers
to these questions as you go along with this material.

There are several reasons why cells divide. Our

cells divide to produce more cells needed for growth
and development. As you grow taller or bigger, it is not
the size of your cells that increases, but the number of
cells. Your cells also divide to prepare and renew
damaged or worn-out cells that you lose everyday.
These are the key roles being played by cell division in
your body. So what is cell division?

Well, cell division is the process by which one

Unlocking of Difficulties
cell or a parent cell divides into two or more daughter
cells. There are two types of cell division, the mitosis Gametes are an organism’s
and the meiosis. What is the difference between these reproductive cells or sex cells.
two types of cell division? What is the role of mitosis
and meiosis in a living organism? How these two types Haploid (n) is a cell that
of cell division happen? contains a single set of
chromosomes.
Mitosis is a process were parent cell divides to
form two identical daughter cells. Meiosis, on the other Diploid (2n) is a cell that has
hand, is a process where the parent cell divides to form paired chromosomes.
four daughter cells.

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 If you can still remember your lesson in
Grade 7 about the cell, you have learned that a cell
has 3 major parts: the outermost covering, cell
wall for plant cells and cell membrane for animal
cells; the cytoplasm, where the orgenelles are
located; and the nucleus, the control center of the
cell and contains the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Nucleus plays an very important role in cell
division. It has chromosomes, a thread-like
structure that is made up of protein and
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is the
hereditary material in humans and almost all
other organisms. This DNA is passed from parents
to offspring during cell division. A single
chromosome is made up of two identical
chromatids.

All human body cells

(somatic cells) have forty-six
(46 chromosmes) or diploid
(2n) chromosomes except
the reproductive cells –
sperm and egg cells. Unlike
the body cells, reproductive
cells (gametes) only have
twenty-three or haploid (n)
chromosomes.
Always remember that
mitosis occurs in body cells
while meiosis happens in
reproductive cells.

The Four Stages of Mitosis

Mitosis consists of 4 stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. At the
end of mitosis process, two diploid (2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each
other are produced. The following are the key events of what happen during each stage.

a. Prophase. The choromosomes b. Metaphase. The pairs of

condense and become visible, spindle chromosomes are all lined up in the
fibers emerge from centrosomes, nuclear equatorial plate (center of the cell)
envelope breaks down.

d. Telophase. the chromosomes

c. Anaphase. The sister chromatids arrive at the opposite poles. A nuclear
separate and move toward the opposite membrane appear around each set of
poles of the cell. chromosomes to separate the nucleus
from the cytoplasm.

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 Cytokinesis is a process which divides the cytoplasm of a parent cell into two
daughter cells. It usually starts at anaphase stage and ends during the telophase phase.

Cytokinesis = Two daughter cells

Cell Division: Meiosis

Meiosis is the type of cell division by which sex cells (eggs and sperm) are produced.
It involves a reduction in the amount of genetic material.

Meiosis consists of 2 stages that creates changes to the actively dividing cell which
include the stages of meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I consists of four stages these are
the: prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I. The Meiosis II also has four
stages: prophase II, metaphase II. Anaphase II, and telophase II.

Meiosis I
a. Prophase I. The homologous chromosomes condense and become visible and pair
up to form a tetrad. Tetrad are two pairs of sister chromatids aligned in a certain way and
often on the equatorial plane during meiosis process. Homologous chromosome are pair
of chromosomes that are made up of two homologs, one homolog comes from the mother
and the other comes from the father.

Synapsis, or pairing of homologous chromosomes occur. Crossing over or exchange

of genetic material between chromosome pairs takes place, resulting in a combination of
parental characteristics in offspring.

Crossing over

Homologous Chromatids Exchange of DNA

Chromosomes crossover Between non-sister
chromatids

b. Metaphase I. The paired chromosomes or

tetrad lined themselves along the center of the cell,
known as the metaphase phase, ensuring that two
complete copies of chromosomes are present in the
resulting two daughter cells.

c. Anaphase I. The homologous chromosomes are

pulled apart and move apart to opposite ends of
b.
theMetaphase
cell. I. The paired chromosomes or
tetrad lined themselves along the center of the cell,
knownTheassister
the metaphase phase,
chromatids ensuring
of each that two
chromosome,
complete
however, remain attached to one another andin
copies of chromosomes are present the
don’t
resulting two
come apart. daughter cells.

c. Anaphase I. The homologous chromosomes 4 are

pulled apart and move apart to opposite ends of
the cell.
d. Telophase I: The chromosomes are enclosed
in nuclei. The cell now undergoes a process of
cytokinesis that divides the cytoplasm of the
original cell into two daughter cells.
Each daughter cell is haploid and has only
one set of chromosomes, or half of the total
number of chromosomes of the original cell.

After the process of meiosis I, each daughter cell produced will undergo the process of
meiosis II. The mechanics of meiosis II is similar to mitosis that each chromosome consists
d.two
of Telophase I: The chromosomes are enclosed
sister chromatids.
in nuclei. The cell now
The goal of meiosis undergoes
II is a the
to separate process
sisterofchromatids within the two daughter cells,
cytokinesis that divides the cytoplasm
forming four haploid cells. It also involves the of the
formation of gametes.
original cell into two daughter cells.
Each daughter cell is haploid and has only
one set of chromosomes, or half of the total
number of chromosomes of the original Cytokinesis
cell.

Two daughter cells

Meiosis II
a. Prophase II. Just like in the b. Metaphase II. The chromosomes line
prophase stage of mitosis, the up individually along the metaphase
chromosomes condense, the spindle plate.
fibers reappear and the nuclear
membrane dissappears.

c. Anaphase II. The sister chromatids d. Telophase II. The chromosomes

are pulled toward the opposite poles of reach the opposite poles, cytokinesis
the cell. occurs, the two cells produced in
meiosis I divided to form four haploid
daughter cells, and nuclear membranes
form.

Cytokinesis
Four haploid
daughter cells
Cytokinesis

5
 Now, let us summarize the process of two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis.

In mitosis, the parent cell is with 46 chromosomes producing 2 daughter cells with
46 or diploid chomosomes each. At the start of meiosis I, in human, the parent cell has 46
chromosomes. At the end of meiosis I, the two daughter cells contain 23 or haploid
chromosomes each. And at the end of meiosis II, the four daughter cells produced also
have 23 or haploid chromosomes each.

To further compare mitosis and meiosis, mitosis is important for growth and to
replace worn out cells. It takes place in the body cells. Active sites of mitosis are in the cells
of the skin and bone marrow, replacing skin cells and red blood cells. When an area of
tissue is damage internally or externally, mitosis is used to repair the damage.

Meiosis, on the other hand, is responsible in the production of gametes. In human,

meiosis is responsible in the production of an egg cell and sperm cells. It is also responsible
to shuffle genetic information and cut the cellular chromosome number in half, from 46 to
23 chromosomes. In this way, when an egg and sperm cell combine during fertilization, the
resulting embryo will inherit the appropriate amount of unique genetic information from
each parent.

(Source: Pia C. Campo et al., Science Grade 8 Learner's Module, Pasig City: Department of
Education, 2016, 321-328.)

Let’s Practice

BE MY PAIR!
Directions: Matching Type I. Match the stages with the picture corresponding to
the stages of mitosis. Write the letter of your answer on the blanks
provided before each item.

Items A - Stages B – Pictures

A.
_____ 1. Anahase

B.
_____ 2. Cytokinesis

C.
_____ 3. Metaphase

D.
_____ 4. Prophase

E.
Telophase
_____ 5.

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Directions: Matching Type II. Match the stages of meiois with its description.

Items A - Stages B – Descriptions

______ 1. Anaphase I A. The tetrads align along the equatorial plate

B. The non-identical sister chromatids separate and

______ 2. Anaphase II move toward opposite poles

C. Homologous chromosomes are pulled toward

______ 3. Metaphase I opposite poles

D. The nuclear membrane breaks down and the

______ 4. Prophase I chromosomes condense and become visible

_____ 5. Prophase II E. Crossing over takes place

YOU COMPLETE ME!

Directions: Complete the table below by filling in the spaces with words, group of
words or numbers. Choose you answer from the box below. Choices can be used
more than once.
one two four diploid or 2(n) haploid or (n)
sex cells or reproductive cells somatic cells or body cells

Basis of Comparison Mitosis Meiosis

1. Type of cell where the
process occurs
2. Number of cell division
3. Number of chromosomes
4. Number of daughter cells
produced per parent cell

Directions: Put a check mark inside the box if it is the function of mitosis or meiosis.

Function Mitosis Meiosis

1. Repairs the damaged skin
cells
2. Make sure that human sperm
cell has 23 chromosomes
3. It makes our bones longer by
increasing the number of
cells.
4. Responsible for the
production of gametes
5. Responsible for inheriting
traits from both our parents.

7
 Fo
Let’s Do More
fff ff

UNLOCK ME!
Directions: Unscramble the words by placing the correct letter sequence in the shaded
boxes to come up with the correct answer for each number. Use the
numbered boxes to complete the answers for each number to the riddle
below.
1. I O T S I M S 2. A C D H I M O R T S
/ /

4 11 1 6

3. E S M I S I O 4. A M E H A T E P S
/ /
9 8 5 10

5. A N I S P Y S S 6. A S H O P R E P

7 3 2
A N I S P Y S S
Riddle: Located in the
nucleus and contains
DNA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
7
5.

WE ARE CONNECTED!
Directions: Connect the circles with the correct stages of meiosis I and II. Put number
inside the circle as you connect the correct stages.

11

8
 Let’s Sum It Up
Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling up the needed information such as terms or
descriptions you learned in this lesson.

Cell division is the process by which a (1) __________ cell divides into two or more
daughter cells. There are two types of cell division, the (2) ____________ and the (3)
__________. (4) __________ is a process by which a parent cell divides to form (5) __________
identical daughter cells with (6) __________ number of chromosomes. (7) __________, on the
other hand, is a process where the parent cell divides to form (8) __________ daughter cells
with (9) __________ number of (10) ___________.

Let’s Assess
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your choice on the
space provided before the number.

1. In what stage of mitosis do the two sets of chromosomes are encased with new
nuclear membranes?
A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

2. Which statement about mitosis is NOT correct?

A. It makes diploid nuclei
B. It forms four daughter cells
C. It produces two daughter cells.
D. The prophase is the first active phase.

3. Which of the following is the correct arrangement of the stages of mitosis?

A. Anaphase, Metaphase, Prophase, Telophase
B. Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
C. Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase, Metaphase
D. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

4. What stage of mitosis wherein the chromosomes move towards the opposite poles?
A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

For numbers 5 and 6, study the illustrations below.

1 2 3 4
5. Which is the proper sequence of events during mitosis?
A. 1 – 3 – 4 – 2 C. 3 – 1 – 2 – 4
B. 2 – 3 – 4 – 1 D. 3 – 2 – 1 – 4

6. What stage of mitosis is shown in picture number 2, as shown above?

A. Anaphase B. Metaphase C. Prophase D. Telophase

9
7. The human kind has 23 chromosomes. What does this statement describe?
A. The human skin cell.
B. The human egg cell only
C. The human sperm cell only
D. Both the human egg and sperm cell

8. The diploid chromosome number in an organism is 46. How many is the number of
chromosomes in its sex cells?
A. 23 B. 42 C. 63 D. 84

9. What do you call the process in which the cytoplasm divides?

A. Chromosomes C. Cytokinesis
B. Crossing over D. Homologous

10. The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that occurs
during meiosis is called ____.
A. Crossing over B. Cytokinesis C. Gametes D. Synapsis

10
 Answer Key
Let’s Try - 1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A
Activity 1 – Be My Pair!
A. 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. B B. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. E 5. D
Acitivity 2 – You Complete Me!

Basis of Comparison Mitosis Meiosis

1. Type of cell where the process occurs Somatic cells or Sex cells or
body cells reproductive cells
2. Number of cell division one two
3. Number of chromosomes Diploid or 2(n) Haploid or (n)
4. Number of daughter cells produced per parent cell two four
Function Mitosis Meiosis
1. Repairs the damaged skin cells
/
2. Make sure that human sperm cell has
23 chromosomes /
3. It makes our bones longer by /
increasing the number of cells. /
4. Responsible for the production of /
gametes /
5. Responsible for inheriting traits from /
both our parents.
/
Let’s Do More /
Activity 1 – Unlock Me!
1. MITOSIS 3. MEIOSIS 5. SYNAPSIS Riddle: CHROMOSOMES
/
2. CHROMATIDS 4. METAPHASE 6. PROPHASE
Activity 2 – We are Connected! Let’s Sum It Up

1 1. parent 6. diploid
4 6 2. mitosis 7. Meiosis
3. meiosis 8. four
4. Mitosis 9. haploid
7 3 5. two 10. Chromosomes

2 8
5

Let’s Assess - 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. A

References
Book

Campo, Pia C., Maria Helen D.H Catalan, Letisha V. Catris, Marlene B. Ferido, Ian Kendrich
C. Fontanilla, and Jacqueline Rose M. Gutierrez. Science Grade 8 Learner's Module. Pasig
City, Philippines: Department of Education, 2016.

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