ELEMENTS AND

TYPES OF
POETRY
 literary work in which special intensity is given to the
expression of feelings and ideas by the use of distinctive
style and rhythm.

et ry ? writing that formulates a concentrated imaginative

i s P o awareness of experience in language chosen and

h a t arranged to create a specific emotional response through

W meaning, sound and rhythm.
ELEMENTS OF POETRY
 • A unit of lines grouped together
• Some of different types of stanzas are as follows:
1. Couplet
2. Tercets (ABA or AAA)
Stanza
3. Quatrain (AAAA, AABB, ABBA, ABAB)
4. Quintet
5. Sextet
6. Septet
7. Octave
 • The pattern in which end rhyme occurs.
• This technique makes the poem easy to
remember.
Rhyme Scheme
 • The repetition of the same or similar sounds,
usually in stressed syllables at the end of the
Rhyme
lines, but sometimes within a line.
 • The pattern of beats or stresses in a poem.
• Poets use patterns of stressed and unstressed
Rhythm
syllables to create a regular rhythm.
 • A word or phrase repeated within a line or
stanza. Sometimes, it reinforces or even
Repetition
substitutes for meter (beat), the other chief
controlling factor of poetry.
 • A technique where several phrases or
phrases begin with the same words.

Anaphora
 • A technique where several phrases or
Epistrophe phrases end with the same words.
 • The repetition of consonant sounds at the
beginning of the words.
Alliteration
 Assonance Consonance
The repetition of vowel sounds which The repetition of a consonant sound
creates rhyme. at the beginning, middle or end of the
Examples: word.
Examples:
• The black cat had the rat’s bag
• Yea, though I walk through the valley of the
• How now brown cow?
shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art
• Do you do voodoo? with me; thy rod and thy staff, they comfort me.

• Zach sneezed when he heard the jazz music.

 • Words that are used to represent particular
sounds.

Examples:

• Machine noises – honk, beep, broom,clang

• Animal noise – cuckoo, whooping crane, chickadee
Onomatopoeia, • Impact sounds - boom, crash, whack, thump, bang
• Sounds of the voice - shush, giggle, growl, whine, murmur, blurt, whisper,
hiss
• Nature sounds - splash, drip, spray, whoosh, buzz, rustle

1. I was just beginning to yawn with nerves thinking he was trying to make a
fool of me when I knew his tattarrattat at the door.
 • The theme of the poem talks about the central
idea or in short, a theme stands for whatever
the poem is about.

Two Essential Elements • The tone refers to the attitude and mood of
of Poetry the poem. It is the overall atmosphere of the
poem which influences the emotional response
of the reader.
 ✔ Symbolism
✔ Imagery
Other Elements
✔ Simile
✔ Metaphor
✔ Personification
TYPES OF POETRY
1. Lyric Poetry
2. Narrative Poetry
3. Dramatic Poetry
 • A poem that is very personal in nature. It
expresses the author’s own thoughts, feelings,
moods and reflections in musical language.
• It derived it’s name from the musical
Lyric Poetry instrument, the lyre.

1. Ode
2. Elegy
3. Song
4. Sonnet
Ode
• This is a poem of nobelling feeling, expressed
with dignity and praises for some persons,
objects, events or ideas.
Elegy
• This is a lyric poem which expresses lament
and mourning of the dead, feeling of grief and
melancholy.
• The theme of this poem is death
Song
• A lyric poem in a regular metrical pattern set
to music.
• These have twelve syllables and slowly sung
to the accompaniment of a guitar and
banduria.
Sonnet
• The name “sonnet” derives from Italian word
sonnet which means little song.
• It is a relatively short poem consisting of
merely fourteen lines.
• It is known to follow a strict pattern of rhyme.
• Classified into Petrarchan, Shakespearean,
Spenserian and Miltonic sonnets
 • It narrates a story through the use of poetic
diction either real or imaginary.
• This form of poetry describe events in a vivid
way, using some of the elements as short
Narrative Poetry stories, plot characters and dialogue.

1. Epic
2. Metrical Tale
3. Ballad
Epic
• This is a long and narrative poem that
normally tells a story about a hero or an
adventure.
• Epics can be oral stories or can be poems in
written form
Metrical Tale
• A narrative poem consisting usually a single
series of connective events that are simple.
• Examples of these are simple idylls, home or
love tales, tales of the supernatural .
Ballad
• Ballad poetry is often based on a legend or a
folk tale.
• Most ballads are written in four-six stanzas
and has a regular rhythms and rhyme
schemes
• The simplest type of narrative poetry
 • The word “drama” implies one or more
characters and actions.
• Dramatic poetry aims at involving the readers
in an experience or situation, and creates
Dramatic Poetry tension, immediacy, expectation and conflict
• More emphasis on character rather than on
narrative
Dramatic Monologue
• A combination of drama and poetry
• It presents some line or speech of single
character in a particular but complicated
situation and sometimes in a dilemma.
Dramatic Monologue
• A combination of drama and poetry
• It presents some line or speech of single
character in a particular but complicated
situation and sometimes in a dilemma.
Oration
• This is a formal address elevated in tone and
usually delivered on some notable occasion
Character Sketch
• This is a poem which the writers concerned
less with the elements of story.
• He presents his observations and comments
to a particular individual