ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

AND
REPORTING

BY
ENEYO VICTOR
SAFETYVICTORENEYO@GMAIL.COM
 DEFINITION OF ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION

 ACCIDENT:- is an unplanned, unexpected,

unwarranted event which leads to injury, death,
property loss or environmental damage.

 INVESTIGATION –MEANS “FINDING OUT”

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION: is the process of

determining the immediate and root causes of
accident, so that corrective actions can be
taken to prevent similar incident from
happening again.
 DEFINITION OF INCIDENT

 INCIDENT:- is an unwanted or unplanned event,

that may or may not results in injury, death,
property loss or environmental damage.

 Eg. Car accident that didn’t cause any injury

 DEFINITION OF NEAR MISS
(CLOSE CALLS)

 NEAR MISS (CLOSE CALLS):- An

unwanted or an unexpected event that had
the potential to cause harm, but, in fact did
not do so, or an incident that does not
resulted in injury or loss.
 TWO FACTORS OR CAUSES OF
ACCIDENT

There are two major factors that causes or result to

accidents

1. UNSAFE ACT (UA):

2. UNSAFE CONDITIONS: (UC)

(UA + UC) = ACCIDENT

 DEFINITION OF UNSAFE ACTS/UNSAFE
CONDITIONS/ EXAMPLES

 UNSAFE ACT (UA): Character, human behaviour or

attitude at work

 EXAMPLES ;
 1. Horseplay
 2. Failure to secure warning
 3. Operating without warning
 4. Operating or working at an unsafe speed
 5. failure to use personal protective equipment
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

 UNSAFE CONDITION (UC): This is the result of

human error

 EXAMPLES ;

 1. Poor House-keeping
 2. Defective equipment
 3. improper illumination
 4. Unsafe dress or apparel
 TYPES OF ACCIDENT

 There are basically three types of accidents

 MINOR ACCIDENT:- An ordinary crash on the body of a

worker or victim

 MAJOR ACCIDENT:- An incident that makes the victim to

be in treatment or hospital for a long period of time.

 FATAL ACCIDENT:- A higher accident that can lead to

death.
 ACCIDENT PREVENTIONS

 1. Risk Assessment

 2. Effective management & supervision

 3. Regular consultation & toolbox meetings

 4. Specific trainings

 5. Proper use of PPE’s

 6. Effective Reporting and Recording

 CONSEQUENCES OF ACCIDENTS

 NOTE : All accidents after it has occurred, has outcomes or consequences

 There (1) Direct Consequences:-

 (1) Personal Injury
 (2) Property loss

 (2) Indirect Consequences

 (a)Lost Income
 (b) Medical Expenses
 (c) Decreased Employee Moral
 (d) Time to retrain another person
 POINTS TO NOTE

 Accident investigation is a crucial aspect of Safety Management System, it is a

detailed knowledge of why accidents occurs and how to prevent reccurences.

 As a safety officer, you have to learn and know about accidents, it causes and
preventions

 And also very important that all incident, injuries/illness should be reported to, no
matter how slight the management as soon as possible.
 PURPOSE OR OBJECTIVES OF
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
1. To prevent recurrence
2. To locate or identify the root causes (What happened, what was the root
cause, what should be done to prevent recurrences
3. To find methods to prevent accident from recurring
4. To publicize the causes
5. To fulfill legal requirement
6. To identify training gaps
7. To determine payment of compensation (L.T.I)
8. Avoidance of work interruption
9. Fear of what others will say
 FACTORS THAT AFFECTS
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

1. Fear of Discipline

2. Concern about safety record of the employee

3. Fear of medical treatment

4. Poor understanding of the importance of accident investigation due

to poor eye witness report

5. Fear of what others will say

 METHODS OF ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION/FACTS FINDINGS
 Note:- Accident investigation is not about the finding of fault, but it is about the
finding of facts

 In accident investigation and reporting, you have to make use of the 5(W) +
1(H)WORDS namely

 1. WHAT
 2. WHY
 3. WHEN
 4. WHERE
 5. WHO
 6. HOW
HOW TO USE METHODS OF
TERMS
 STEPS TO ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION
 1. Survey the Scene

 2. Secure the scene (initiate interim controls)

 3. Get help for the injured

 4. Collect evidence

 5. Determine the cause

 6. Review or analyze the data

 7. Follow up (eliminate hazards)