UNIT –4

BUSINESS SERVICES

POSTAL SERVICES
Indian post and telegraph department provides various postal services across India
Mail facilities: Mail services consist of parcel facilities that is transmission of articles from
one place to another; registration facility to provide security of the transmitted articles and
insurance facility to provide insurance cover for all risks in the course of transmission by
post.
Registered Post: a postal service in which mail is registered by the post office at the time of
sending, in order to assure safe delivery.
Parcel: a service of a postal administration for sending articles from one place to another
through the post.
Speed post: it provides services for time bound and express delivery of letters, documents
and parcels across the nation and around the world.
Courier: mail service provided by private operators in which they collect letters and parcels
from the doorstep of senders and delivers them at the place of the addressee.

TELECOM SERVICES

Utility of different telecom services:

World class telecommunication infrastructure is the key to rapid economic and social
development of a country.
Govt of India has developed new Telecom Policy Framework, to provide universal services
to all uncovered areas and high level services for meeting the needs of our country.
Cellular mobile services: these are all types of mobile telecom services including voice and
non voice messages, data services and PCO services utilising any type of network equipment
within their service area.
Fixed line services: fixed services including voice and non-voice messages and data services
to establish linkages for long distance traffic. They also provide inter connectivity with other
types of telecom services.
VSAT services: very small aperture terminal is a satellite communication service. It offers
business and government agencies a highly flexible and reliable communication solution in
both urban and rural areas.
Cable services: these are linkages and switched services within a licensed area of operation
to operate media services, which are one way entertainment related services.
DTH (Direct to home): a satellite based media service provided by cellular companies. One
can receive media services directly through a satellite with the help of a small dish antenna
and a set up box. This helps to access multiple channels without being dependent on the
cable services.
 UNIT – 6

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND BUSINESS ETHICS

Business Ethics

It refers to the moral principles or rules of behaviour which should govern moral conduct of
businessmen.

An ethically responsible enterprise develops a culture of caring for people and environment
and commands a high degree of integrity in dealing with others.

Ex: adherence to laws; product safety and quality, health and safety in the workplace,
employment practices, fairness in selling/marketing practices and financial reporting.

Elements of Business Ethics:

Top management committee: Top management has a crucial role in guiding the entire
organisation towards ethically upright behaviour. To achieve results, the Chief Executive
Officer (CEO) and other higher level managers need to be openly and strongly committed to
ethical conduct. They must give continuous leadership for developing and upholding the
values of the organisation.

Publication of a ‘Code’: ‘Code’ is defined as the principles of ethics and covers areas such
as fundamental honesty and adherence to laws; product safety and quality; health and safety
in the workplace etc.

Establishment of compliance mechanisms: In order to ensure that actual decisions and

actions comply with the firm’s ethical standards, suitable mechanisms should be established.
Some examples of such mechanisms are: paying attention to values and ethics in recruiting
and hiring; emphasising corporate ethics in training etc.

Involving employees at all levels: It is the employees at different levels who implement
ethics, policies to make ethical business a reality. For example, small groups of employees can
be formed to discuss the important ethics policies of firms and examine attitudes of employees
towards these policies.

Measuring results: the firms can audit to monitor compliance with ethical standards and
take further course of action.