1 _ Size and Locati

CHAPTER AT AGLANCE
lndla
I
•
LocaHon
Size

'
. . . .: India IS
+
Tropic of Cancer:
Area: India has a total
area of 3.28 million
'
Size of India: India is 7th
-.caled (2303o•N) divides largest country in the wortd
I\ Northern '
henisphere. square km. It is 2.4% of after Russia, Canada, U.S.A,
India into 2halves.
the world's total area. China Brazil and Australia.
-+
latitudinal Extent is
8°4' N-37°6' N of India Islands: Lakshadweep Boundaries of India: India's land boundary
which influ ences the Islands is in the Arabian India is bounded by the
is 15,200 km With the
duraticn of day and night. Sea, Andaman and Himalayas in the north,
Coastline of 7516.6 km.
Nicobar Islands in the northwest and northeast,
Longitudinal Extent: 68°7' Eto 97°25' E Bay of Bengal. the Arabian Sea to the
is Indian longitudinal extent due to which
iw..:.~,., ... ~ ii.a6,:~...;
west, the Bay of Bengal
Standard Meridian: To
there is a 2 hour difference between overcome this difference lnlfia
to the east and the Indian
Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat. has selected 82°30· Eas the
Ocean to the south.
standard meridian ot India.

r- ":i"ia a~ the ~orld

1

~ T
t
Significance of the India's central location
Contacts

'
India is located in the centre between east Asia and west
Asia. •
India's contacts through land routes are much old than those
f through the sea as people were afraid of travel by sea.
The trans Indian Ocean routes which connect the countries .
of Europe in the west and countries of east Asia provides a
+
These land routes were through the mountain passes.
strategic central location to India.

+
The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into Indian ocean, helping
India to have close contact with west Asia, Africa and Europe
they moved through these routes.
'
The ancient travellers exchanged ideas and commodities as

from the western coast and with southeast and east Asia
from the eastern coast. +
The ideas of Upanishads, Ramayana, stories of Panchatantra, Indian
+ numerals and the decimal system spread to many parts of the world.
Indian Ocean gets its name from India since India has along
coastline on this ocean. t
Similarly the influence of greek sculpture, the architectural styles
of domes and minarates of west Asia can be seen in India.
 Gulla
.... ... ...
♦
• Gulf of Kutchch
• Gulf ot Manna,
• Gutt ot Khambat
tCambay)
♦
• Arabian Sea
• lakshadwaep Sea
• Andaman sea
♦
lndln()ca .....
Neighbouring Countries ot India

•
, - ~ Atganistan
+
China (Tibet), Nepal and
1
Myanmar and Sri Lanka and MakfiVeS
\tie west. Bhutan in north. Bangladesh in the east. in the south

Countries of the Indian Subcontinent

I
t t t
l
PakiSl3l1 in the Srt Lanka in the Afghanistan in
the north-west
Maldives in the
south
•
India in the
centre ·
•
Myanmar and
Bangladesh in
'
China (libet).
Bhutan and Nepal
- - ..,
west south-east
the east in the north

IMPORTANT TERMS
India is surrounded with the Arabian Sea in
1. Bay: It is a body of water connected to an
the west, the Bay of Bengal in the east and
ocean or lake formed by an indentation of
the Indian Ocean in the south.
the shoreline larger than a cove but smaller
5. Strait: It is a narrow stretch of water which
than a gulf.
separates two land masses e.g. the Palk strait.
2. Gulf: A large bay, that is an arm of an ocean 1
6. Tropic of Cancer: It is 23°30° N latitude. Rays
or sea. st
of sun falls vertically on it on 21 June.
3. Island: A piece of land surrounded by seas
7. Tropical Zone: The earth1s surface between
on all sides, e.g., Sri Lanka, Lakshadweep.
Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.
4. Peninsula: Peninsula is a landmass which is
surrounded by waterbodies on three sides. e.g.
 A• w.-r lht follo~lna qu,'ltl
1 , N11mr th, Mrou,, or 1,. 11111""•btt....
~.:-"\
\nthhm St 11, d, ~~
\II I .~ h lll\H l p ,... , llld It
~( I IIJ lh "
(II) Nnmt' th,· w1111h lt•s 'thlcft
thnn lndln. 11 r, 1,,

\ 111, l{Ulilil11 , C'u1111d,1 , U.S.,\ ,,

, ' '- 1lln
1111d \11sr111lm 11,c the c011 c1, hr
ri Irie\
lcll!!l'I I111111 f11di11 , lh I!
\\ hkh Mnmf grnup of 111 J'
c U1 lies
,'io11th·t•11sl'! lo 1
\!I ii, And:t111a11 Hnd Nicobar island
.
1n lhl' ,11uth-L'ast ol India
group I
1~

(fr ) Whk h island countries are our

south
neighbours'! e111

.......
Ans. Sri Lank. a and Maldives are th
LhN \ nar Pradt'sh. Bihur, . . e t\\o
island coun tries that are our so h
~ lnlpl a!ICI SilJ.int hin l' l'omnum . ut er
neighbours. n
.....,........
l,_. 3. The sunrises two hours earlier in Arunacbai
Pradesh as compared to Gujarat in the West
but the watches show the same time. Bow
~
\l~-umar does this happen?
, ... Ans. From Gujarat to A runachal Pradesh, there is
If ,oa in1end to ,isit Kmarati during a time lag of two hours, but th e watches show
,oar ~um mer , acations, which one of the same time because the time along the
u.r rouo.mg l nion Territories of India Standard Meridian oflndia (82° 30' E) passing
'llll •ill be ~ng to through Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh is taken
a Pudurbe-~ as the stand ard time for the whole country.
6 Lnshadl\eep Because the sam e standard time for the whole
c Andaman and ~icobar country has been adopted, the watches show
d Daman and Diu
the same time in A runachal Pradesh, Gujarat
) Lakshad\\ eep
and in all parts of the count1y.
"' l\tJ rrie-nd hails fro m a country which
4. The central location of' India a t the head
does not share land boundary with India.
ldentif) the country. of the Indian Ocean is considered of great
(a) Bhutan significance. Why?
fbJ lajikistan Ans. The location oflndia at the head of the Indian
k) Banglade.,h Ocean has helped India in establishing close
(dJ ~epal contacts with west Asia Africa and Europe
'\ fb) IJJ1k1c;1.m from the western coast a~d eastern Asia from
the eastern coast.
 1e11ow1na with the w,
lalllld pups of India lylna the
or.,
In
nadlna.
ad die a., tf 11 J •
Arabian ha
.-tries constltutlna Indian Subcontinent.
'Ille States tbrouah which the Tropic of Cancer p11n1.
11ae aorthemmost latitude In dearees,
~ 'l1le southemmost latitude of the lndlan malnland ln deane1,
~) 'lbe eastern and the western-most lonaltude ln dearees.
(,i") The place situated on the three seas.
~) The strait separatln1t Sri l,ankn from India.
t (ir) The Union Territories of India.
AJS.

INDIA
POLITICAL

) Union Territories
i) Tropic of cancer passes .
e(ir~ANQAMAN
~-\'. .·.··,. i) Countries of Indian Subcontinent • AND
NlCOBAR
12
., .. ·., • 6l.:1SLANDS
·- II,.
ucherry) Orf
•t
0 .. o (viii) Palk Strait

• (i) L.AKSHAD-
WEEP ISLANDS
•(v) 8°4'N .. Kms ,oo_ o 100Sea
~ 300 ~ 500 l<JT\s \_
\
(vu)

AMALDIVES \ Not to scale I

. d Diu was merged by Government of India.

Note: In 2020, Dadra and Nagar H aveh and Daman an ·
 OlfED QUESTION BANK In the questions given below (~. 7 and Q.8) there a11
obfedlYtlVtlY Short Answer Type Questions [1 MarkJ twos
tatemcnts marked as AssertJOn (A) and ll°"h-
. -~ca) e
narrow channel of sea which scporotcs two f{cad the statements and choose the correct option. •
1. A
land masses is known as Options:
(a) Mound (/J) Pass (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
(f) Strait (d) Valley
explanation of A.
Ans. (c) Strait
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct
2. Which of the following states shares an
explanation of A.
international boundary?
(a) Har:\'ana (c) A is true but R is false.
(b) Jharkhand (d) A is false but R is true.
(c) llttarakhand 7. Assertion (A): The latitudinal extent influences
(d) Madhya Pradesh the duration of day and night.
Ans. (c) Uttarakhand
Reason (R): 83°20'E has been selected as the
3. Which one of the following water bodies standard meridian of India.
separates Sri Lanka from India?
Ans. (c) A is true but R is false.
(a) Palk Strait and Gulf of Khambat
(b) Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar 8. Assertion (A): India is the seventh largest
(c) Gulf of Mannar and 10° Channel country of the world.
(d) 10° Channel and Gulf of Khambat Reason (R): India's total area accounts for
Ans. (b) Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar about 2.4% of the total geographical area of
4. Which country shares land boundaries with the world.
India in the west? Ans. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the
(a) China (b) Nepal correct explanation of A
(c) Bhutan (d) Pakistan 9. The Maldives Islands are situated to the
south of
Ans. (d) Pakistan
- - - - Islands.
5. Which of the following countries is larger Ans. Lakshadweep
than India in terms of land area? 10. The East-West extent oflndia is
Ans. 2933 km
----
(a) Russia (b) New Zealand
(c) South Africa (d) Great Britain 11. Mawsynram is located in
Ans. (a) Russia Ans. Khasi
- - - - hills
6. The 'Iropic of Cancer passes through 12. Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West
(i) Gujarat Bengal and Sikkim have a common frontier ·
(ii) Madhya Pradesh with Nepal. ('frue/False)
(iii) Jharkhand Ans. True
(iv) West Bengal
13. Kavaratti is the capital of Andaman and
(a) (i) and (ii)
Nicobar Islands. ('Irue/FaJse)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
Ans. False
(c) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
14· Goa is the smallest state in India.
(d) All options are irrelevant
Ans. (c) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) ('frue/False)
Ans. True
 l1tltlldllt1I IN fllldt ,.11.,
I nf fh _,,... qfw?
rt1 11 h I h
Gtdll'II' l 111tud I lw 111 k
(ii) Rnlpur
tt•n1khand where , h tw n two I , '
tl l (iii) Shlllon~
•hhftltisgnrh Ill llelfnum ti lh <fU tor
tl l Shimln towurd" rh pol
(M
t'1 Mt11h11h\, n 22 jar1f ••
(I') (;imdhi Nugnr · Whnt h the time lai between C,a
ltl Jharkhnnd Arun11rh1tl Pradesh?
ll'i) lldmulun Arun, ch I
t.fl Uintttl'hill Au s. I'hc lime l,,g between Uu1arat t1nd
pn1dt'Sh P, :,dc~h i~ 2 hours.
the standard
Hr). tl,)-tri), (<') (ii), (d)
(iir), 2J Why has 82°30' Ebeen ~elected as
Po \' . meridian of India?
v•H:l lf)-vr)
Ans. 82°30' E has been selected as the standard
He?
"hich hemisphere does India meridian of India becau)e it pa)
1ies through
I
lb. n .
here.
nsp pur in Uttar
l ~ \. .l,rthern hen the centre of India, t.e. Mirza
of India?
f. What is the latitudinal extent Pradesh.
of the Suez Canal?
Or 24. What is the significance
ia's distance from
southernmost Ans. With the Suez Canal, Ind
What are the. degrees of the 7,000 km.
Europe has been reduced by
latitude of mainland India? th extent of India
Or 25. What is the total north-sou
in km?
northernmost
\\'bat are the degrees of the Ans. 3,214 km
latitude of India? ationship with the
26. How had India kept her rel
Ans, The latitudinal extent
of India is between world in ancient times?
37°6' N and of the Himalayas
8°4' N (southernmost) and Ans. Passes in the mountains
ient travellers
(northernmost) latitude. provided passages to the anc
as people
d around India. while the oceans restricted this
18. Name the two seas locate .
und India are the were afraid to travel by oceans
Ans. The two seas located aro reach the world?
Arabian Sea in the west and the
Bay of Bengal 27. Which ideas of India could
anishads and the
Ans. The ideas of the Up
in the east. nchtantra, the
Indian landmass?
Ramayana, the stories of Pa
19. What is the total area of the Indian numerals, decimal system
could reach
[CBSE 2014]
many parts of the world.
Ans. The landmass of India
has an area of 3.28 orted from India?
the total area 28. Which commodities were exp
million square km. It is 2.4% of Ans. The spices, muslin clo
th and many other
India.
of the world. commodities were exported from
is bound by young styles India got
20. In which direction India 29. From which regions and
fold mountains? influenced in ancient times?
st and northeast greek sculpture, the
Ans. In the north, northwe Ans. India got influenced from
young fold minarets from
direction, India is bound by architectural styles of dome and
west Asia in the ancient tim es.
maintains.
21. Why is the north-south extent of India of India areawise?
30. Which is the largest state
han.
larger than east-west extent eve
n though the Ans. The largest state is Rajast
 not have 41. Name the Union Territo .
11 8
the coast. Ans. The Union Territories ar 0' of lradf
h. Chhattlsgarh, An d aman and Nicob e eJh·1,Cha' •
ar l ,. lld·1
Daman & Diu and Dadr ' aJ\Shad ~r~
• PuducJ1erry, Jammu & I< ah& ~agar t~'ep'
n awhich have common as rrur £ta '
42. With which country Jam 'ladakL"tl;,
Palclstan. · b, RaJasthan
· 3
states are OuJarat, Rajasthnn, Punjab P unJa andmuG nd . 1{ h''· 88
international boundary? UJarat Shflilt,
ad Jammu and Kashmir.
Ans. Pakistan are
l.\. Naae tlte states oflndla which have common
. . _ with China. 43. Name the states of India wb· h .
ic he
Aas. lbestatesareJamnm and Kashmir, Himachal eastern coast of India from N along lb
0tth
Pradesh, Uttarakhand. Sikkim and Arunachal Ans. The states lying along the e to S0111be
· astern
Pradesh. West Bengal, Odisha Andh p coast a ·
, ra ract re
34. Name the states of India which have common Tamil Nadu. · esh and
border with Myanmar. 44. Name the two states of India Which
Ans. The states are Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, of Indian desert. are Patts
Manipur. Mizoram. Ans. Gujarat and Rajasthan are pa t
35. Name the countries which share borders with Desert. r s of Indian
India.
Short Answer Type Questions [3 Marks)
Ans. The countries are Pakistan and Afghanistan
in the northwest, China (Tibet), Nepal and 45. Write the size and extent of India.
th
Bhutan in the north, Myanmar and Bangladesh Ans. (a) India is the 7 largest country in ·
the
in ~e east. world. It has an area of 3.28 . .
m111ion
36. Which two island countries are India's square km. It accounts for 2.4% of the
neighbours? [CBSE 2016] world's total area.
Ans. Sri Lanka and Maldives are the two island (b) India has a land frontier of 15,200 km.
countries. (c) India has a coastline of 7516. 6 km
37. Mention the types of states in India present including the Andaman and Nicobar
before 1947. islands and the Lakshadweep islands.
Ans.. The two types of states in India were: 46. Explain why 82°30' E an odd value bas been
(a) the provinces chosen as the standard meridian of India.
(b) the princely states. [HOTS]
38. Who ruled the princely states? Ans. The odd value has been chosen as the standard
Ans. Princely states were ruled by the local meridian because the longitudinal extent of
hereditary rulers. India is 68°7' E to 97°25' E and this meridian
39. Name the country that has common land passes through the centre of India.
frontier with the states ofUttarakhand, Uttar It passes through Mirzapur i.e. the centre of
Pradesh, Bihai; West Bengal and Sikkim. India. Then there is an understanding among the
Ans. Nepal countries of the world that the degrees of the
40. Name the states through which the 'Iropic of meridian should be divisible by 71:. i.e. 82° 30' E.
2
Cancer passes. This enables us to overcome the difference
Ans. Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh of 2 hours of time between Arunachal Pradesh
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal: rd
and Gujarat. The time is Indian Sta nd a
Tripura and Mizoram. Time.
 \\'IIY is the difference between the durations
A7• of daY and night hardly felt at Kanyakumarl
bUt not so in Kashmir?
The difference in the durations of day and
5 position in south-east Asia. India has
!Jl ' night and Kanyakumari and Kashmir arc
-
latitudina, l loc a1tons.
respectively due to their
Kanyakumari is located closer to the equator
and e1'Periences a maximum difference of 45
minutes between day and night · How ever,
Kashmir lies further away from the equator
and experience a significant gap between the
duration of day and night that can extend to
as much as 3-5 hours.
ent? Name the countries
48• What is a subcontin
that constitute the Indian subcontinent. How
is India different from other countries of
Asia?
ical
Ans, A subcontinent is a distinctive geograph
unit which stands out distinctively from rest
of the region because of its large size, varied
climates, varied relief etc.
Countries that make up the Indian subcontinent
are-India at the centre, Pakistan in the west ,
Nepal and China (Tibet) in the north, Bhutan
and Bangladesh in the east.
India is different from other countries of
Asia regarding climate, vegetation and
culture.
49. Justify the naming of Indian Ocean after
India.
Ans. India ocean is named after India because:
(a) India has a long coastline on the Indian
Ocean.
(b) India has a central location between east
and west Asia.
(c) India 's southernmost extension. the
Deccan Peninsula, protrudes into the
Indian Ocean which makes it significant
to international trade done through the
Indian Ocean.
(d) India was the favourite destination of
the traders of the world. (any three)
SO, What do you know about India and lie
neighbours?
I [HOTS)
A nd ia occupies an important strategic
ns, (a)
29 Slates, 6 Union Territories and one
National Capital Territory.
(b) 1nd ia shares her land borders with
Pakistan and Afghanistan in the north-
west, China {Tibet), Nepal and Bhutan in
the north, and Myanmar and Bangladesh
in the east. Our southern neighbours
across the sea consists of two island
countries i.e. Sri Lanka and Maldives.
(c) Sri Lanka is separated from India by Palk
Strait and Gulf of Mannar while Maldives
islands are situated to the south of the
Lakshadweep islands.
51. India's land routes have been important since
[HOTS]
. ancient times. Explain.
d
Ans. (a) India's contacts with the outside worl
have continued through the ages, but her
relationships through the land routes are
much older than her maritime contacts.
(b) The various passes across the mountains
in the north have provided passages
to the ancient travellers. These routes
(Kyber and Bolan pass) across the
mountains have contributed in the
exchange of ideas and commodities
since ancient times.
(c) The ideas of Upanishads and the
Ramayana, the stories of Panchatantra,
the Indian numerals, the decimal system
could reach many parts of the world
through the land routes. The spices
and muslin cloth along with other
commodities were taken from India to
other countries. The Greek sculpture
and the architectural style of dome and
minarets from west Asia can be seen in
many parts of our country. This is the
result of the exchange of commodities
and ideas movement of people.

_..,.,..... ra•rk•J
111d nd Kolbll able to 1ee
---~,
.. _ - IIIK'llY ofll'lttld IWlet a year
••Nff 11
TIie •n'l apparent mowmcnl townrds no'~s1
and ,outh of the equator is w1th111 t\\O1ror1. .
(e) All the pla\'tS l,lCatcd w11hm the 1rop1l's
ha,-c owrhcad sun l\\ ll'C 11 )Ca r.
(M Both Ahm\-dahad nnd Kolkata lil' to th_c
SOlllh ,,f thl' fu,p1l' of C.111l'l' L Thal is
wh, these"'° st,1111\lls sec the noon s11 n
overhead l\\ll~ a \l' il r.
(d Ddhi is 1,x·all·d ,;, 2QN latitude much
0
to the nl,rth of Tropk of Cancer.
(ci) The sun \ r.~,-s arc near overhead in sub·
tn,pic.1I zone. It will never see noon sun
'"crhcad. at anytime of the year.
5..~. India occupies an important strategic position
in south Asia. Discuss. [HOTS]
.\ns. (a) The Indian landmass has a central
location between the east and the west
Asia. India is a southward extension of
the Asian continent.
(b) The trans Indian Ocean routes which
connect the countries of Europe in
the west and the countries of east Asia
provide a strategic central location to Case Based Questions
India.
(c) The part that is attached to the Asian
continent connects India through the
land routes and mountain.passes to the
various countries lying to its north, west
and east.
(d) The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into
the Indian Ocean, thus helping India to
establish close contact with west Asia,
Africa and Europe from the western
coast and southeast and east Asia from
the eastern coast.
54. Describe how the geographical features of
India have fostered unity and homogenity in
the Indian society.
India has a distinct physical and cultural
identity: India's unity and homogenity have
been enabled by its physical diversity i.e.,
physical features.
(n) The lnfly mounlain!I in lh
e north
run cw11-wcsl for lhou 11and'lofk· ~~
The~ pr~>vidc. a na tural Wall a"°"''''tt.
poss1hlc 111lrusmns. Ir gives lndiaga'~, a•
slruclllre. an,nlact
(h) The southern part of Jndia is
· ~urrOIJ
by Ihe seas and oceans 00 h "dtd
. Ie .
Th ese physical feature s h ,,de,
· ave
ensured that the people fro a1,fl
mou1.1
could enter India only through ~dc
defend ed routes through sea Well
in the mountains. or Pas
se1
(c) Standard meridian 82'30" has bee
. n~~
as local time all over India pro .. n
. . Viding
umform1ty.
(d) Rivers and their tributaries prov·
irrigation facility throughout the cou~~e
bring uniform development. ry
(e) Monsoons foster unity. Many festivals
are associated with it. Apart from that
agricultural and domestic needs are also
met by monsoons.
Thus, by adopting new norms and values and
accepting as their own, unity and homogenity
of India has been promoted.
55. Read the given passage and answer the
questions that follow:
India is a vast country. Lying entirely in the
Northern hemisphere, the mainland extends
between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and
longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E. The Tropic
of Cancer (23° 30'N) divides the country into
almost two equal parts. To the Southeast and
Southwest of the mainland, lie the Andaman
and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep
islands in Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea
respectively.
(i) Name the group of islands lying in the Bay
of Bengal and Arabian Sea.
(ii) Name the countries which are bigger than
India.
(iii) Which island countries are our Southern
neighbours?
 of islands lylna ln the Bay of Alt. (llt)
Is Andaman and Nicobar lidandi
(II) ( ) 1bt1I llftalh
II and ArabianSea is Lakshadwccp.
(Ill} (d) India
countrte." which arc bigger than India
ttt: 1tuss1a, Canada, USA, China, Brazil
57, Read the sourtt alfm below lllcl ...., ..
~ustrt'\ia. '
) sr, 1.,anka and Maldi,cs arc our Southern
petr-hbOUl'S,
,ead the gh·en passa~e and answer the
5'- qnestions that fol~mv: .
the \and ,nass ot lndm has an area of 3. 28
,mion square km. lndia 's total area accounts
11{or at'4..1ut Z.4 per cent l~f t!1c total geographical
area of the world. India 1s the seventh largest
counm.·of the world. India has a land boundary
of about 15,200 km and the total length of the
coastline of the mainland, including Andaman
and Nicobar and Lakshadweep, is 7,516.6 km.
India is bounded by the young fold mountains
in the northwest, north and northeast. South of
about 22° north latitude, it begins to taper, and
extends towards the Indian Ocean, dividing
it into two seas, the Arabian Sea on the west
and the Bay of Bengal on its east.
(i) The passage given above relates to which
of the following options?
(a) India and the world
(b) India's location
(c) India's size
(d) India's neighbour
(ii) What does the data 7,516.6 km signify?
(a) Total area of Indian landmass.
(b) Total north-south extent of India.
(c) T~tal length of the Indian coastline.
(d) Total land boundary of India.
(iii) Which is the second most populous country
in the world?
(b) Russia
(a) USA
(c) Brazil (d) India
(iv) In which direction India is not bound by
young fold mountains?
(a) West (b) Northwest
(c) Northeast (d) North
•1-·:
(Iv) (a) West
I
followtna question•
The 1ndian landma!ls
' hBA a central location
hctween the Ea!!t and the West Mia. India ii
1,
nsou thward extension of the ru1an contment.
th e trans I ndian Ocean routes, which connect
th e countries of Europe in the West and the
countries of East Asia, provide a strategic
central location to India. Deccan Peninsula
pro~rudes into the Indian Ocean, thus helping
India to establish close contact with West Asia,
Africa and Europe from the western coast
and with Southeast and East Asia from the
eastern coast. No other country has a long
coastline on the Indian Ocean as India has
and indeed, it is India's eminent position in
the Indian Ocean, which justifies the naming
of an Ocean after it.
(i) How does the Suez Canal benefitted the
India?
(a) Reduced India's distance from Europe
(b) Provides a bridge between the Indian
states
(c) Enriched with marine resources for
export I
(d) Decreased the distance from north to
south of India I
(ii) Which of the following is true about the \
location of India in the world?
(a) Located on the eastern side of Asia.
(b) Located on the western side of Asia.
(c) Located on the central position of Asia.
(d) Located on the southern side of Europe.
(iii) Which sea route connects the countries of
Europe and East Asia?
(a) The Trans Indian Ocean route
(b) The Mediterranean route
(c) The Trans Pacific Sea route
(d) The English Channel route
 n. •••I Ml' llao st lon1Uude ol lndla Is An~. (i) (a) Reduced India 's .
(it) (c) Loc <1l'!lan
atcc lon thcc • Ccft( ),..
cntral
68°7'E
(It) (tii) (a) The tn-111-, Ind ian () P11'1.1ic,·•• "Iii
ll.

ccan 11
(dl 9rl 5'E (iv) (a) 8°4'N ()f
r11 llte

MAP SKILLS
58. l.ecatt" and Label the Indian States
and Capital on the outline map of Ind
\n!'.. ia.

~.

12

•.

7b
80 I Not to scale I
* Hyde rabad b the Joint Capital of Tclangana 88
and And lira Pradesh 92
 INDIA I

POLITICAL

."
,,•:
, ...... 1
,
..' ""',
.......... I;
.'
,,..:' ~
I
..,
-: .... ,- ,,
.. ,
,. .. ; ' • '

.
/,,.-
.... . :.-1
' '
'-, ,.,
,_
-. ""~
 --..-..noNs Jo. Whal is th e s landard m c rid,·,
an of I
QuellfO"l (tMartcJ Into how many political div; . 11 dic11
... • . , _ , . . . . . . . ., _ . -n. ic of 1I • . d . . s1ons.
,J• II vertically on the .. op divided for a mm1s trativc pu · '" I
. rposcs? ll<J;a
12 , Name the stdatchs of India which shar.
(/,) 22nd Dcccmhcr with Hang/a cs . c hor,, 'lCr
(c/) 22nd July
13 _ By whom the provinces were ruJ Cd h
Oma as the - - - - - largest country in
1~77 '
he •-ortd m 1cm1s of area.
f 4. Name the place in India situated
) 2nd (h) 4th 0
seas. Name the seas as well. n three
(cl Jrd (d) 7th
3. Sri Lanka is separated from India hy 15. Name the states of India which Ii
e alon
(1) Gulf of Mannar (ii ) Palk Strait western coast of India. g the
( i) Suez can.ii (fr) Indira Point
Short Answer Type Questions [3 M arks)
(a) (ii) .md (id (b) (i) and (ii)
(cl (iii) and (il·) (d ) (i) and (iv) 16. What is the longitudinal extent of I .
. h d nd1a?
In the question gi\ en below (Q.4) there are two Ment10n t e egree of longitude f ·
standc;1rd meridian. th
statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). or e
Read the statements and choose the correct option. 17. How is Arunachal Pradesh a befitting
name
Options: of our easternmost state?
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct 18. The central location of India at the h
. . . eact
explanation of A of the Indian Ocean 1s considered of gre
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct SI·gnu·Icance. WhY.? at
[HOTS]
explanation of A Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks)
(c) A is true but R is false.
, 19. Describe the loca tion of India on the world
(d) A is false but R is true.
map . .
4 . Assertion (A): The various passes across the
mountains in the north have provided passages 20. What is the significance of India's central
to the ancient travellers. location?
Reason (R): The spices, muslin and other Case Based Questions
merchandise were taken from India to
different countries. 21. Read the source given below and answer the
questions that foUow:
5. The full form of IST is
-----
6. The Indian subcontinent is separated from ~ndia occupies an important strategic position
the rest of the Asia by the _ _ _ _ _ . South Asia. India has 28 states and eight
Ill
Union Territories.
7. The Standard Meridian of India is 82° 30' N.
India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan
(True/False)
8. The capital of Mizoram is Aizawl. (True/False)
and Afghanistan in the northwest China
(Tibet), Nepal and Bhutan in the n;rth and
9. Write t~e d!fference between the longitudinal
and Jat1tudmal extent of India. Myanmar and Bangladesh in the east. Our
southern neighbours across the sea consist
Or
of the two island countries, namely Sri Lanka
Mention the difference between north ernmost and M a Id'Ives. Sn· Lanka is separated from
and southernmost extent of India.
ln d ia by a narrow channel of sea formed by
 lndtl 1111

. and the Gulf of Mnnnnr, while

strait . , •trC situated to the south of
(c) Th w t rnm I pofnt of die,.._
Union
tstand"'
ad,,ccr Islands. (,/) The ca~rcrmo t point of the lndtln
~ of the fl,\h,winp. is tlw _joint rnpital Union.
\\'h'ch ~-\•,nc.ana and Andina Pt adl'sh'! 22. Rend the given pa~~age and an wer rtt
of t,(lth ll ' . '
qucstmn~ that follow.
l') (hCtltl•\\
India is hounded hy the young fold mountain
11 \lU!a\uru
l~l r,, • in the northwc~t. north and north ca,t
·) lh lh,'rabad South of ahoul 22° north l,1titude, 1t begm.~ to
l' .
Raipur
I) taper, and extends towards the Indian Ocean,
l' .t\.. the ~ountry which have common dividing it into two seas, the Arabian Sea on
.) IJl:llll
l d'~ with Sikkim, Assam, Arunachal the west and the Bay of Bengal on its East.
\'l1f t
rradesh. Despite this fact, the east-west extent
vi) China appears to be smaller than the north-south
lb) Nepal extent.
tc) Bangladesh (i) The Standard Meridian of India passing
though _ _ _ is taken as the standard
td) Bhutan
:r) How are Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Delhi time for whole country.
t,,1 h h ? (ii) How is the naming of an ocean after India
connected with eac ot er.
(a) They are the states of India . justified?
(b) They are the union territories of India (iii) Sri Lanka is separated from India by
a narrow channel of sea formed by the
(c) They are the islands of India
(d) They are the capitals of the states. ---- ---- and

(iv) Identify the significance of the 'Indira Map Skills

Point'. 23. Locate and label the following in an outline
(a) The southernmost point of the Indian map of India.
Union. (a) Standard Meridian
(b) Indian states-Uttar Pradesh, Kerala.
(b) The northernmost point of the Indian
Union.