TOPIC : V- BELTS & PULLEYS

AREAS OF CONCERN DESCRIPTION

TYPES V-Belts; V-Belts Std:
Sec. A -1/2” x 5/16” ;
B – 21/32” x 13/32”
Sec. C- 7/8” x 17/32”
Section D – 1 ¼” x ¾”
Section E – 1 ½” x 29/32” ; and
High Cap.V-Belts : 3V – 3/8” x 5/16” ; 5V – 5/8 x 17/32” & 8V – 1” x 7/8”
MATERIAL Fabric, Oak tanned leather, Rubber, Common V-Belt matl. ; Fabric &
Cords molded in rubber
Pulley: Cast iron, Sheet steel & Die Cast Steel
CHARACTERISTICS: 1. Higher tractive force developed by the belt due to the wedging action
in the groove.
2. Lower efficiency compared to flat belt. Efficiency range 70 to 90%
while flat belt is 96 to 98%.
3. Can operate on relatively small pulley, thus, possible for large
reduction of speed in a single drive.
4. Sufficient clearance must be provided at the bottom of the groove to
prevent the belt from bottoming as it becomes narrower from wear.
5. Included angle for the belt groove is usually from 34 to 38 degrees.
DESIGN OF V-BELT 1. Rated Horsepower per belt:
DRIVE
Rated Hp = [ a(103/Vm)0.09 – C/KdD1- e(Vm2/106) ] Vm/103
Where:
a, c & e are found in table 17.3 for Section A, C & D sections
For B-section: a = 4.737, c = 13.962 & e = 0.0234

2. Design Horsepower:
Design Hp = Nsf(Transmitted Hp) where : Nsf = service factor
3. Adjusted Rated Hp:
Adj Hp = K θKL(Rated Hp)
Where : K θ= correction for arc of contact, Table 17.5 &
17.6
K L= belt length correction

4. Number of belts,N:
Design Hp
N=
Rated Hp

5. Pitch length of V-belts

L = 2 C+1.57 ( D 2+ D1 ) + (D2 - D1)2/ 4C

6. Center Distance:

C =
B+Square Root of B raise ¿ a power of 2−32 ( D2−D1 ) raise ¿ a power of 2 ¿
16
Where B = 4L – 6.28 ( D2 + D1)
Note: Minimum center distance if size of the smaller sheave is assumed and
velocity ratio mw is known;

D1+ D 2
C = + D1or C = D2 ; whichever is larger
2

FEATURES AND 1.0 Ultimate strength of belts: leather – about 4000 psi. ; single ply –
CONSIDERATIONS 3,750 psi; first grade belt-min. 3000 psi; double ply- 3500 psi.
2.0 Breaking strength of oak tanned- varies from 3 to more than 6 ksi.
Mineral tanned belting – varies from 7 to 12 ksi.
3.0 Belt design stress, Sd= 400 n
4.0 Belt Efficiency, n ; by cementing= 1.0, metal hook= 0.35, wire
Lacing w/ machine = 0.88 & by hand = 0.82
5.0 Speed limitation: Vm in fpm;
a. Centrifugal alone will stress the belt to 400 psi= 10,500 fpm.
b. Experience suggest that most economical design are obtained for
A speed of 4000 to 4500 fpm.
c. For leather, speed of 7000 to 8000 fpm are in use and 20,000 fpm
For flat fabric belts.
d. The use of flat leather belting for speed in excess of 6,000 fpm
is not recommended
e. If velocity of the belt exceeds 35 fps, centrifugal force should be
Included in the calculation of power transmitted.
f. The maximum rim speed for solid cast iron pulley is as a general
rule about 500 fpm.
6.0 Density of leather belt= 0.035 lb/in 3 & 0.045 lb/in3 for rubber belt.
7.0 Initial tension of rubber belt is 15 to 20 inch per ply.
8.0 Life expectancy of belts selected in accordance to rated capacity
Of leather belts should be some 5 to 7 years.
12.0 Balata should not be used when the temp. falls from 100 to 120 ℉ ,
Stronger rubber belt.