Critical appraisal of previous work

Archaean event stratigraphy of Singhbhum craton

Metamorphism of IOG, OMG; Emplacement of Singhbhum 3.3 Ga

Granite phase III, Bonai Granite, Mayurbhanj Granite,
Kaptipada Granite
Formation of Iron Ore Group (IOG) sediments & volcanics ~3.3 Ga
Emplacement of Singhbhum Granite phase I & II, Nilgiri 3.4-3.3 Ga
Granite
Folding of OMG & intrusion of Older Metamorphic Tonalite 3.44 Ga
Gneiss (OMTG)
Deposition of Older Metamorphic Group (OMG) sediments & 3.55-3.44 Ga
volcanics
Formation of unstable sialic crust - not preserved but 3.55-3.6 Ga
represented by sialic nature of overlying sediments and
presence of detrital zircon
(after Mishra, 2006)
Older metamorphic Group (OMG)

•Oldest rocks in the Singhbhum craton ~3.45 Ga.

• Metamorphosed volcano-sedimentary rocks.

•Rock types
pelitic schists
quartz-magnetite-cummingtonite schists,
quartzite,
banded calc-gneiss
para- and ortho-amphibolites

•Metamorphism – amphibolite facies.

•The siliceous aluminous sediments contain detrital zircon -

derived from a granitic province.
• Complex folding.

• Intruded by tonalite gneiss (OMTG) marking older

metamorphic orogeny.

• OMG also intruded by different phases of Singhbum

Granite .
 Older Metamorphic Tonalite Gneiss (OMTG)

• Composition – Tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG)

• Well foliated, locally banded.

• Interpreted as 40% partial melting of OMG-type ortho-

amphibolite at 590-770°C & 5Kb, corresponding to
depths of 17-18 km.
Older Metamorphic Tonalite Gneiss (OMTG)

• The nature of the contact between OMTG & OMG is not

described in the literature.

• However, Saha (1994) noted presence of small enclaves

of locally migmatitic amphibolite & rare biotite–muscovite
schist in OMTG in the Champua area.

• Regarded as evidence for the intrusive relationship of

the tonalites into the metasediments.

• Conformity of foliation/schistosity & mineral lineations of

the two units regarded as evidence for tonalite intrusion
prior to regional deformation.
Recent zircon U-Pb age of age of OMTG (Upadhyay et al. 2014)

Tonalites and trondhjemites of OMTG 3.45–3.44 Ga

Granites of OMTG 3.35–3.32 Ga.

Singhbhum Granite

According Saha (1994) made up of 12 separate magmatic

bodies.

Xenoliths of OMTG & mafic-ultramific rocks common within

the Singhbhum Granite.
• Petrographically the rocks are biotite-granodiorite
grading to adamellitic-granite, biotite-trondjhemite and
leuco-granite.

• The 12 magmatic bodies divided into three phases ‒

Phase I, II & III.

• grouped under two group namely SBG–A (Phase-I and

II) & SBG—B (Phase-III) based on REE pattern.
 Phase II Phase III
Phase I

Type - A Type - B

Only OMG enclaves IOG enclaves

Less Mg number
More – Eu anomaly
More HREE
More K
Source – OMG amphibolite Source – preexisting
crust
• Phase I – relatively K-poor granodiorite-trondhjemite

• Phases II & III - granodiorite to adamellite

• According to Saha Phases I & II – basement for IOG

• Phase II – intrusive into IOG

• Recent zircon dates (Nelson et al., 2014) – 3.80-3.29 Ga

Origin

Phase I & II – 20% partial melting of OMG amphibolite

followed by differentiation.

Phase III – 30% partial melting of low-K Andesite to generate

a granodiorite and its differentiation to granite
After Upadhyay et al. 2014
North Singhbhum Mobile Belt
Geological map of Singhbhum Shear Zone showing uranium and copper deposits/ occurrences