Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 1

BS Electrical Engineering
Homogeneous Differential Equation
Definition
A function is called homogeneous of degree if

where is a nonzero real number.

Example
 is homogeneous function of degree 1, because

 is homogeneous function of degree 8, because

 is homogeneous function of degree 0, because

Definition
A first order differential equation

(1)

is said to be homogeneous if is homogeneous function of any degree, Eq. (1) can be

written as

Then it is called homogeneous if and are homogeneous function of the same

degree.
Example
 is homogeneous differential equation, because

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 2
BS Electrical Engineering

or

⟹ is homogeneous

 is homogeneous differential equation, because

or

⟹ is homogeneous
How to Solve Homogeneous Differential Equation
To solve a homogeneous differential equation

(1)

we proceed the following steps

Step 1: Put

and

Step 2: Eq. (1) we have

Step 3: Separate the variables we have

Step 4: Integrate both sides we have

(2)

Step 5: Solve Eq. (2) and substitute we get the required solution of Eq. (1)

Problem 1
Solve (1)

Solution: The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 3
BS Electrical Engineering

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

or

Integrating both sides we have

or

Substituting we have

Problem 2

Solve (1)

Solution: The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 4
BS Electrical Engineering
in Eq. (1), we have

Integrating both sides we have

or

Substituting we have

or
Problem 3
Solve (1)
Solution: Eq. (1) can be rewrite as

The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 5
BS Electrical Engineering

Integrating both sides we have

or
Substituting we have

or
Problem 4

Solve (1)

Solution: The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Integrating both sides we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 6
BS Electrical Engineering

Substituting we have

or

Problem 5
Solve (1)

Solution: The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

or

Integrating both sides we have

or

Substituting we have

Problem 6
Department of Mathematics Proposed by
HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 7
BS Electrical Engineering
Solve (1)
Solution: Eq. (1) can be written as

The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Integrating both sides we have

or
Substituting we have

Problem 7
Solve (1)

Solution: Eq. (1) can be written as

The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 8
BS Electrical Engineering

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Integrating both sides we have

or
Substituting we have

Problem 8
Solve (1)

Solution: The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 9
BS Electrical Engineering

Integrating both sides we have

or
Substituting we have

or
Now applying initial condition i.e., value of when
⟹
Therefore we have the solution

Problem 9
Solve (1)
Solution: Eq. (1) can be written as

The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 10
BS Electrical Engineering

Integrating both sides we have

Substituting we have

Now applying initial condition i.e., value of when

Therefore we have the solution

Problem 10

Solve (1)

Solution: The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 11
BS Electrical Engineering
Integrating both sides we have

Substituting we have

Now applying initial condition i.e., value of when

Therefore we have the solution

Problem 11
Solve (1)
Solution: Eq. (1) can be written as

The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Integrating both sides we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 12
BS Electrical Engineering

Substituting we have

Now applying initial condition i.e., value of when

Therefore we have the solution

Problem 12
Solve (1)

Solution: Eq. (1) can be written as

The given differential equation is homogeneous differential equation because

so, is homogenous.
To solve Eq. (1) put and

in Eq. (1), we have

Integrating both sides we have

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman
Homogeneous Differential Equation Differential Equations (DEs) 13
BS Electrical Engineering

Substituting we have

Now applying initial condition i.e., value of when

Exercise
Solve the following Homogeneous differential equations
1.

2.

3.

4.
5.

6.

7.
Solve the following initial value problems
8.
9.

10.

11.
12.

Department of Mathematics Proposed by

HITEC University Taxila Cantt, Prof. Dr. Syed Tauseef Mohyud-Din
Pakistan & Muhammad Usman