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Denotasyon
Denotasyon
Denotasyon
reinforcement [noun]
re·in·force·ment | \ ˌrē-ən-ˈfȯrs-mənt \
Definition of virus
1: the action of strengthening or encouraging something : the state of
being reinforced
2: something that strengthens or encourages something: such as
a: an addition of troops, supplies, etc., that augments the strength of an army or
other military force —usually
b: something designed to provide additional strength (as in a weak area)
c: a response to someone's behavior that is intended to make that person more
likely to behave that way again (e.g. positive/negative reinforcement)
psychology: the action of causing a subject to learn to give or to increase the
frequency of a desired response that in classical conditioning involves the
repeated presentation of an unconditioned stimulus (such as the sight of food)
paired with a conditioned stimulus (such as the sound of a bell) and that in
operant conditioning involves the use of a reward following a correct response or
a punishment following an incorrect response
also: the reward, punishment, or unconditioned stimulus used in reinforcement
reinforcement (rí·in·fórs·ment)
1: repwérso
2: Sik pagpapatibay ng probabilidad na lumikha ng tugon ang isang estimulo sa
pamamagitan ng pagbibigay o hindi pagbibigay ng gantimpala.
Reinforcement theory proposes that you can change someone's behavior by using
reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Rewards are used to reinforce the behavior
you want and punishments are used to prevent the behavior you do not want. Extinction
is a means to stop someone from performing a learned behavior. The technical term for
these processes is called ‘operant conditioning’.
The fundamental concepts of this theory are reinforcement, punishment, and extinction.
Reinforcement can be divided into positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement as
follows:
Positive reinforcement - occurs when the consequence resulting in the behavior you are
attempting to produce increases the probability that the desired behavior will continue.
Negative reinforcement - occurs when a negative consequence is withheld if the
behavior you desire is demonstrated, which will increase the probability that the
behavior you are seeking will continue.
Punishment - occurs when you impose a negative consequence to reduce an
undesirable behavior.
Extinction - is a means to stop someone's learned behavior.
Sanggunian:
Mcleod, S. (n.d.). Skinner - Operant Conditioning. Retrieved November 28, 2020, from
https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html
Ayon kay Skinner (1987), ang reinforcement ay may dalawang epekto: ito ay
nagpapakalakas ng particular na pag-uugali at nagbibigay ng gantimpala sa isang tao.
Sa larang ng Sikolohiya, ang reinforcement at reward ay hindi
magkasingkahulugan. Hindi lahat ng pag-uugali na nabibigyan ng gantimpala ay
nakalulugo sa taong nakakatanggap nito. Halimbawa: reinforced ang mga taong
nagtratrabaho, ngunit marami sa kanila ay hindi interesado o hindi maligaya sa kanilang
pinagtratrabuhan.
Ang reinforcement ay naoobersbahan din sa kapaligiran, pero maaaring din na
hindi ito nararamdaman ng isang tao. “Food is not reinforcing because it tastes good;
rather, it tastes good because it is reinforcing (Skinner, 1971).”
Sa kasalukuyan panahon, bago pa man ang panahon ng pandemyang COVID 19 o Corona Virus,
ang gamit sa salitang ‘viral’ at ‘trending’ ay ginagamit na patungkol sa mabilis na pagkalat o
paglaganap ng mga balita, istorya, post o anomang matatagpuan online. At sa kasalukuyang taon,
sa Pilipinas, naging matunog ang pagbigkas sa virus bilang ‘veerus’ mula nang bigkasin ito sa
ganitong paraan ni Presidente Duterte noong mga unang linggo ng lockdown sa Pilipinas, Marso
2020. Sa dulo, tinatanaw ng mga mananaliksik na lumawig ang kahulugan ng virus bilang
“bagong talinghaga ng sakit ng lipunan” lalo na kung susuriin ang mga pagpapakahulugang
simbolikal mula sa iba’t ibang teksto
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