1) Discuss the Filipino culture before the Spanish Period.

The diverse tribes' cultures, which are today nearly identical throughout the
archipelago, displayed minor distinctions. There appear to have been two types of natives
in the southern Bisayas, where the Spaniards first entered the archipelago: hill dwellers,
who lived in small numbers in the interior of the islands, wore tree bark garments, and
sometimes built their houses in the trees; and sea dwellers, who were very similar to the
present-day Moro tribes south of Mindanao, who are known as the Samal, and who built
their villages over the sea or on the shore and lived much on boats. These folks arrived
later than the forest people. The Bisaya Filipinos are descended from both of these
groups, but although the coast people have been completely assimilated, part of the hill
people are still pagan and uncivilized and must be quite similar to when the Spaniards
first arrived.

2) Describe the impact of western influence on Filipino culture.

After the Spanish-American war, America gained sovereignty over the
Philippines. The United States' principal objective in the Philippines was to transform the
country into a self-sufficient capitalist democracy. They achieved this by building
infrastructure that would increase the country's literacy and economy. By the 1930s,
literacy had quadrupled to roughly half of the population, and a quarter of the educated
people could communicate in English. English became the dominant language and
Tagalog was the official language of the Philippines during the American colonial era.
With the advancement of technology, Americans began to influence clothes and cuisine
in the Philippines. They also exerted influence over the Philippines' government and
educational system during their reign. The government continues to shift from nationalist
to federalist as time passes but the impact of American principles remains.

3) Discuss how industrialization affected the lives of Philippine indigenous peoples.

Large-scale mining, which digs up their land, large-scale dam construction, which
floods their land, widespread logging, which deforests their land, or the creation of nature
reserves or agriculture, which sees them ejected from or restricted in access to their land,
are the main problems that Indigenous Peoples face. Forced separation of children and
parents, the prohibition of family nomadic lifestyles, and the decrease of traditional
economic activities and community self-administration were the most damaging
'environmental changes faced by northern indigenous peoples.