Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VIII
Division of Northern Samar
Laoang III District
RAWIS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
School ID: 313603

SCIENCE 8
SY: 2020-2021

Name: _________________________________________ Section: ___________________ Score: ________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

(QUARTER 2: Week 1)

TSUNAMI

BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS:

Tsunami is a Japanese word pronounced as “soo-nah-me” which means “wave in the harbor”. It is
caused by an earthquake and other movements in the ocean floor. It travels at speeds up to 600 miles per
hour (800 kph). Tsunami travelling in deep water and open ocean causes no damage and are hardly
noticeable. However, tsunami travelling in shallow water can batter coastlines with waves as high as 100 feet,
causing considerable damage.

How is a Tsunami formed?

Faults are seen not only onto land but also under the ocean. When a fault at the ground of the ocean
swiftly moves, the water over it can be stirred. An abrupt force from an underwater fault can create a wave
named a tsunami.
 Unlike a wave that is produced by the wind, a tsunami is extremely strong. Wind waves that we see
every time we visit the beach are simply sea-surface waves. A tsunami includes the complete underground
force of the ocean, from the seafloor to the surface.

Away from the coast, a tsunami is low. Perhaps merely one meter high. However, it moves at the
speed of a jet. As a tsunami nears the coast, it slows down but becomes bigger. It becomes extremely
damaging because the energy of the whole ocean is after it. And that is the reason why the whole villages and
municipalities are completely devastated after a tsunami strike.

How are earthquakes associated with tsunamis?

The sudden “upward” or “downward” movement of the seafloor during an earthquake creates large
tsunami waves. But not all fault movement underneath the sea will create a tsunami. Faults that move in
“horizontal direction” (sideways) will not result in a tsunami. The fault has to move in “vertical direction”
(upward or downward). It should be also noted that it takes an earthquake with a Ritcher Scale Magnitude of
7.5 and above to produce destructive tsunamis.th

Thus, once you are near the sea and you’re feeling a strong earthquake, treat that as a cautionary sign.
Run to the topmost place you can find, or if you have a vehicle, vacate inland.

EARTH’S INTERIOR

In grade 7, you have learned

that the Earth is composed of 4 layers
namely the crust, mantle, inner core,
and outer core. The crust is the
outermost layer that is much more
familiar to us and is comprehensively
studied by scientists. But how about
the mantle and the core? The answer
is NO. Humans have been to the
moon, explored the outer space and
every corner of our planet but
nobody had gone as deep as the
mantle. Previous researchers have
started exploring and digging through
the crust to reach the mantle but it
was stopped. So how do you think the
Earth layers were discovered and
illustrated when nobody has seen it? We often consider earthquakes as a problem, a scary disaster we are
always afraid of. But did you know that it had also helped our scientists discover what’s deep in the Earth?
Let’s find out.
What’s inside the Earth?

We frequently believe in earthquakes as something devastating and the idea is apparent. Earthquakes
help scientists discover what’s inside the Earth. How? As you know by now, when a fault abruptly shifts, an
earthquake is generated. The shaking rises from the Focus and radiates out. You can acquire a concept of how
this occurs by tossing a stone toward a lake. Notice the ripples that propel out in circles? The trembles from
the Focus are something like those vibrations and more accurately termed seismic waves. As seismic wave
moves through the body of the Earth, they perform in diverse forms, depending on whatever they encounter
along the way.

Comparatively, when seismic waves move more inward into the crust, they speed up. This suggests
that at the bottom the rocks are denser. In the upper most part of the mantle, the waves decrease down. This
means the rocks there are partly melted. As the waves enter the core, one variety of seismic waves
disappears. This suggests that the outer core is liquid. At particular depths, the waves are reflected and
refracted (bent). That means the Earth is layered.

ACTIVITY 1 – MAKE YOUR ILLUSTRATION

Create an illustration or drawing of the Earth with the following parts: Crust, Mantle, Outer Core and
Inner core. Make sure to label the parts. Kindly refer to the rubric below for your guide.

OUTPUT RUBRIC ON EARTH LAYER ILLUSTRATION

ACTIVITY 2 – MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Read and carefully analyze each statement below. ENCIRCLE the letter that best suits to your
choice.

1. What happens to the tsunami when it reaches the shore?

A. The wave speeds up and becomes smaller
B. The wave breaks down.
C. The wave speeds up.
D. The wave slows down and becomes bigger
2. The seismic waves travel through the Earth and carry information from the interior to the surface. All
of the following statements are true EXCEPT?
A. The seismic waves are refracted (bent)
B. The seismic waves are stocked on the rocks
C. The seismic waves bounced back
D. The seismic waves are reflected
3. Not every fault action under the ocean will generate a tsunami. Which of the subsequent fault changes
will happen in such an event?
A. String movement C. Vertical movement
B. Sideward movement D. Horizontal movement
4. What does the Japanese word tsunami mean?
A. Wave in the harbor C. Wave in the seafloor
B. Wave in the labor D. Wave in the valor
5. Which attributes to the vibrations created by an earthquake?
A. Sea-surface waves C. Pressure waves
B. Seismic waves D. Tidal waves

LEARNING COMPETENCY: Demonstrate how underwater earthquakes generate tsunami.

Explain how earthquake waves provide information about the interior of the Earth.

Prepared by: Noted by:

KRISTIAN BERNARD C. PAANO DANILO D. CERBITO
Subject Teacher Principal I

_____________________________________
Parent’s Signature over Printed Name