Muscles

Contraction Volume session

Involved
↓
on
Normal iathsasm Contracts ↑
Inspiration EICM Contrails
C Active )
Diaphragm relax ↓ ↑
Normal EICM Relax
Expiration
[ Passive )
Abdominal contracts ↑
↓
Forceful IICM Contracts
Expiration
( Active)

Norad Bucking Rade -

12-16 times / minute

One Breath =
one inspiration + one expiration

spirometer -1 we measure volume of lungs

in different processes

↳ we cannot measure Residual volume

this
through .
 teary / Respiratory Volumes &
Capacities

1.
TidalVoIume( →

Volume of air inspired /expired during

normal breathing
Pee breath - Inhaled / exhaled =
500mL

Mihutlml → TV ✗ BR
=
500 ✗ 12-16
=
6000-0000 ml of air / minute

CIRU )
2-
Inspiratory Reserve Volume -

Additional volume of air inspired by forceful inspiration

= 2500mL -

3000 ml

3- Expiratory Reserve Volume ( ERU )

- -

Additional volume of air expired by forceful expiration

= 1000mL - 1100mL

4- Desidllalvolumv) →
v01 of
.
air which remains in

the lungs even after forceful expiration

= 1100mL - 1200mL

→ spirometer can not measure Residual volume

 Respiratory Capacities
- -
: -

Total v01 of
d)
Inspiratory capacity CIC ) person
→
-
air a

can inhale after normal a expiration

IC = Tv + IRV

=
5001-2500-3000
=
3000 -3500mL

④ ) Expiratory capacity CEC ) -

After a normal inspiration,

total v01 .
of air a person can expire .

EC = TV -1 F- Rv
=
500 -1 1000 - 1 1 00

=
1500 -
1600 ml

Cii ) Functional Residual Capacity ( FRG v01 -

-

of air remain in

lungs after a normal expiration

=
ERV + RV

= 1000-1100 + 1100-1200

= 2100 -
2300mL = -
2500 ml

④ ) vitalcapaity -

Maximum v01 -
of air a person can breathe

in after a forceful expiration

OR

Maximum v01 .
of air a person can breathe out after a

forceful inspiration .

VC =
F- RV -1 TV + IRV = 1100-1500+3000

=
4600 C- 3500 -4500mL)
 VC =
ERV 1- TV + IRV
=
ECTIRV

TE→ÉrEEÉ
c- F- C
ERV -

Total of present
C) Totallungapaity v01 air in
.

lungs & the respiratory

passage after a maximum inspiration

TLC = TV + IRV -1 F- RV + RV

¥r .

ICTERVTRV =
Ict FRC

ECTIRVTRV =
Tv -1 IRV -1 FRC

→ Dead Shau Volume

→ V01 .
of air which is not used
in
exchange process
↳ v01 .
of air remain in conduction

passage

70% of air exchange

-

30% of air - dead space

150mL dead space

500mL ✗ 30% =
=

500mL -1 701 . = 350mL =

exchanged ✓