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55 rfhbc [fpt,b tresdybfy ktkjt,c7 vfuhfv fhf cf-
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[fpbc uf.jkt,fpt7 fenbc [fpt,blfy @ vtnhbs ufhts7
jqjylfw cfsfvfij ufhtvjc afhufkib8
!8^ xbdbkb fcgfhtpbc ufvj

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eylf vbvfhsjc vfnxbc lfo.t,fvlt8
~,` vcf]b yfrkbc ufvjcojht,fc eylf twfljc lf vfnxb fh
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@8# vfcfkf
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lfveifdt,f7 hjv fh lfcdtkltc lf bjkfl lfcfzthb b.jc8
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,ehst,bc ufvj.tyt,f7 vfuhfv ueylvf vfsb vtidtj,bs fy
,ehst,bc wdkbs lfevcf[eht,tkb [tbhb dth eylf yf[jc8
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10
#8 ueylb
ueylb itlut,f vfnxbc lfvo.t,b s[esvtnb ~! % ` vj-

sfvfibcf lf cfsflfhbuj vjsfvfitt,bcufy8
se cfsflfhbuj vjsfvfit sfvfiib lfifdt,ekb uey-
ltkbc vfubdhfl xft,f7 tc itwdkff7 [jkj se bubdt
nfmnbrehb vjcfpht,bs ufrtslf7 fvfc ufvjwdkf ?mdbf8
#8! vjsfvfitsf hfjltyj,f

ueylc cfsfvfij fhtib fh eylf ?.fdltc ! % vjsfvfitpt
vtnb8
#8@ ptlvtnb vjsfvfitt,b
ueylc vfnxfvltwf lf sfvfibc lhjcfw ite'kbf vcf]c
vjs[jdjc vtnjmbc vjsfvfitsf lfsdkf8 se vcf]b lf-
flutyc7 hjv ueylc ptlvtn~t,`b ?.fdc7 vbc rfgbnfyc vj-
sfvfitsf hbw[dc cfsfyfljl itfvwbht,byt,c7 vfuhfv fy-
ufhbib fh itbwdkt,f8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf bm7 cflfw sfvfib eylf
ufyf[kltc8
#8# yfrkt,-rfwf hfu,b
rfdibhbc yt,fhsdbs vfnxt,bc ufvfhsdf yfrkt,-rfwf uey-
lt,bsfw itb'kt,f8 fv lhjc rdkfd vjmvtlt,c .dtkf ot-
cb7 jqjyl ithrbyt,fib sbsj ueylblfy vbybvev [esb
vjsfvfibc vjyfobktj,f fewbkt,tkb fqfhff8
fm ufvjyfrkbcbf idblrfwf ueylt,bs sfvfib7 hj-
vtkcfw wfkrt otct,b fmdc8
11
idblrfwf
ueylc cfsfvfij fhtib fh eylf ?.fdltc idbl vjsfvf-
itpt vtnb8
#8$ cfsflfhbuj vjsfvfitt,b lf ufvjwdkf

yfrht,sf vfnxpt ueylc ite'kbf b.jkbjc idblb
cfsflfhbuj8 c[df vfnxt,pt fvfs hfjltyj,fc fotct,c
vfnxbc ufvvfhsdtkb rfdibhb ~b[bkt #8!$ otcb`
idblrfwf
ueylc ite'kbf b.jkbjc vfmcbvev [esb cfsflfhbuj8
ueylc ite'kbf jhb gbhdtk-[fptkbc lf [esbw

c[df vjsfvfibc ufvjwdkf8 tc itb'kt,f ufrtsltc v[j-
kjl ,ehsbc emvj,bc lhjc lf vcf]bc lfcnehbs8
idblrfwf
ueylc ite'kbf cfvb vjsfvfibc itwdkf2ufvjwdkf8
#8% gbhdtk-[fptksf hfjltyj,f

~f` mdtvjs vjnfybk w[hbkib othbf7 se ueylbc hfvltyb
vjsfvfit eylf b.jc bct ufoehsybkb7 hjv ithrbyt-
,bc gbhdtk [fpib lflujvf it'kjc8
vjsfvfitsf hfjltyj,f gbhdtk-[fptkb
! % fy yfrkt,b cfvb
!^7 !* fy !( js[b
!)7 @_7 @! fy @@ [esb
@@ fy @# ~#8!$ otcb` tmdcb
12
~,` gbhdtk-[fptkb lf vbcb itcf'kj itvwdktk2ufvj-
vwdktkb cfsfyfljl ufoehsybkb lf ufvjwlbkb eylf
b.dyty8
~u` se ueylib !)7 @_7 @! fy @@ vjsfvfitf7 [esb vfsufyb bct
eylf b.jc ufoehsybkb7 hjv gbhdtk [fpib sfvfib bwj-
ltc7 hfsf se ueylc gbhdtkfl lfzbhlf cfsflfhbuj
/emthb lf fctdt gbhdtkfl cfsflfhbuj ,eh]b7 sfvfibc
xdtekt,hbdb ithrbyt,bs ufuh'tkt,f it'kjc8
~l` ~lfifdt,ekb` gbhdtk-[fptkbc itwdkf ite'kbf v[j-
kjl fctdt ufoehsybkcf lf ufvjwlbk vjsfvfitc7 bvbc
lf vbe[tlfdfl7 bub vfnxbc lfvo.t,bf se cfsflfhbuj8
zf,ert,b
~u` se ueylib @@ vjsfvfitf7 vfsufy fhfyfrkt, tmdcc

eylf itt'kjc gbhdtk [fpib lflujvf9 fye cfdfklt,e-
kjf cfsflfhbuj ?emthbcf lf jhbdt ,eh]bc .jkf8
se vjsfvfit @@-pt vtnbf7 ueylc lfvfnt,bs eylf ?.fd-
ltc cfsflfhbuj vtjht [fptkb7 hfsf cfvc itt'kjc ith-
rbyt,bc vtjht [fpib lflujvf8
#8^ uf'tdt,f ,by'ehfl sfvfibc ufvj

vfnxbc ,jkjvlt uf'tdt,ekb vjsfvfibc vfubdhfl sf-
vfiib dthfdby xft,vt,f8 ufvjyfrkbcbf #8! # otcb8
#8* vfnxbc ,jkjvlt itwdkf
yt,flfhsekbf lfifdt,ekb vjsfvfibc itwdkf7 jqjyl
,ehsbc emvj,bc lhjc lf v[jkjl vcf]bc lfcnehbs8
se lfifdt,ekb vfnxbc ,jkjvlt itwdfktc7 bub sfvfi-
ib [tkvtjhtl fqfh eylf xft,fc8
13
#8( ,jkjvlt itwdkbc cfzbhjt,bc lflutyf
~f` thjdyek yfrht,sf vfnxib lfifdt,ekbc itwdkf
itb'kt,f v[jkjl vfiby7 se tmbvbc fphbs7 lfifdt,ekbc-
sdbc sfvfibc ufuh'tkt,f cfpbfyj bmyt,f8
~,` c[df vfnxt,ib lfifdt,ekbc itwdkf itb'kt,f tmsybc
hxtdbsfw7 serb rfdibhc vbcsdbc cfsfyflj eakt,f vbeyb-
zt,bf8 se vfnxc vtlbwbyfib xf[tlekb fhfdby tcoht,f7
lfifdt,ekbc itcfwdktkfl vcf]bc sfy[vj,fw rvfhf8
#8) lfifdt,ekbc b'ekt,bs lfs[jdyf
se vcf]vf sfdfl7 fy tmbvbc hxtdbs uflfo.dbnf7 hjv lf-
ifdt,ekvf sfvfib eylf ito.dbnjc7 ite'kbf vjsfvfitc
cfsfvfij fhblfy ufcdkf e,h'fyjc8 vcf]c bubdtc vj-
s[jdyf vfibyfw ite'kbf7 hjwf cehc7 hjv lfifdt,ekb
tmbvvf ufcby]jc8
#8!_ lhjt,bsb ~cbc[k-ltybc ufvj` itwdkf
~f` se vjsfvfit vjtlyblfy cbc[k-ltybc ufvj ufdblf7 it-
b'kt,f vbcb lhjt,bs itwdkf8 se tc vjsfvfit vjtlfyc
itwdkblfy ! % ~s[esvtnb` fcnhjyjvbekb oesbc ufyvfd-
kj,fib fh2dth lfe,heylf7 bub vfnxbc ,jkjvlt it-
wdkbkfl vbbxytdf lf sfvfiib dtqfh xft,vt,f8
~,` se lhjt,bs-itvwdktkb lfifdlf7 itb'kt,f vbcb it-
wdkfw8
~u` se lhjt,bs-itvwdktkb ,by'ehfl sfvfibc ufvj ~,j-
kjvlt` uff'tdtc7 itwdkbkb dtqfh lf,heylt,f8
~l` se lhjt,bs-itvwdktkb vjtlyblfy lhjt,bsdt ~! _
oesbs` uff'tdtc7 lhjt,bs-itwdkbkb vjtlfypt cfc]t-
kbc dflbc ufcdkbc itvltuqf itvjdf8
14
#8!! itwdkbkbc lf,heyt,f
~f` se vjsfvfitc cbc[kb clbc7 cfsfvfij fhblfy eylf
ufdbltc lf vfc itvltuqf lf,heyltc7 hfw cbc[kltyfc
itextht,ty lf zhbkj,fc lfeafhfdty8
~,` se vjsfvfit cfsfvfij fhblfy nhfdvbc fy yt,bcvbthb
c[df vbptpbs ufdblf7 bub sfvfiib vcf]bc erbs[fdfl fh
eylf xft,fc8 vcf]vf vjsfvfitc lf,heyt,bc yt,f itb'kt,f
lfhsjc v[jkjl ,ehsbc emvfl uf[ljvbc itvltu8
~u` se vjsfvfit vcf]bc erbs[fdfl xft,f sfvfiib7 vcf]vf
rb lffcrdyf7 hjv vfy tc sfdbcb ueylbc cfidtkfl fy vt-
njmbc itcfath[t,kfl uffrtsf7 vjsfvfit eotcj,bcsdbc
eylf lfcf]jc8
ufyf[kltc8
#8!@ ufvjwdkbkbc lf,heyt,f
~f` nfmnbrehb vjcfpht,bs ufvjwdkbkb vjsfvfit sfvfiib
[tkf[kf dtqfh xft,vt,f7 ubylfw vfc lfifdt,ekbc it-
wdkf cehltc8
!8 ufvjyfrkbcb8 ufvjwdkbkc ite'kbf lfcbc[kb-
fyt,ekbc lhjt,bs itwdkf8
@8 ufvjyfrkbcb ~idblrfwfib fhf` ufvjwdkbkc it-
e'kbf lfifdt,ekb7 lhjt,bs-uf'tdt,ekb fy ,jkjvlt
uf'tdt,ekb gbhdtk-[fptkbc yfwdkfl sfvfiib xf,vf8
fv ufvjyfrkbcblfy sfdbc v[hbd ufvjyfrkbcbf it-
vs[dtdf7 hjwf vcf]vf gbhdtk-[fptkbc vjtlyblfy uf-
cdkfvlt erdt itvjbqj whe ithrbyt,f lf ueylvfw
ufvjb.tyf .dtkf cfsflfhbuj ~fvjoehf kbvbnb`
15
~,` se vcf]bc vbth whe ithrbyt,bc itvjqt,bc itvltu
gbhdtk-[fptkb lfifdlf7 itcfwdktkbf lf ueylc cfqb
gbhdtk-[fptkb rbltd vjt'tdt,f7 vjtlfypt eylf iteidfc
bc lf fhf c[df fvgkebc vjsfvfit8
zf,ert,b
~nfmnbrehb vjcfpht,bs` ufvjwdkbk vjsfvfitc ite'-
kbf lfifdt,ekb ueyltkbc itwdkf8
#8!# uf'tdt,ekb2lfifdt,ekb gbhdtk-[fptkb

~f` se ueylc gbhdtk-[fptkbc ,jkjvlt uf'tdt,bc itvltu7
fy vbcb lhjt,bsb uf'tdt,bc ufyvfdkj,fib7 cfsfyfljl
ufoehsybkb gbhdtk-[fptkt,b fqfhf /.fdc7 sfvfib whe
ithrbyt,bs eylf ufuh'tkltc8 vjsfvfitsf ufoehsyb-
kj,bcf lf vfsb .jkbc lflutyf trbcht,f ueylc lf fhf
vcf]c8
~,` gbhdtk-[fptkbc vfnxbc ,jkjvlt uf'tdt,bc itvltu7 fy
vbcb lhjt,bs uf'tdt,bc ufyvfdkj,fib7 vcf]vf gbhdtkbdt
ithrbyt,bc lfybidybcfc rfgbnfysfy eylf uffhrdbjc7
vjtlfypt lfhxtybksfufy dbyvt bct sef ufoehsybkb7
hjv gbhdtk [fpib uf'tdt,ekbc yfwdkfl lflutc8
se fctsb fhfdbyff7 rfgbnfyvf eylf fbhxbjc vjsfvfit7
dbyw vjtlyblfy ufdf lf flubkc cfsflfhbuj fy ufvj-
wdkbk gbhdtk-[fptkc lfesvj,c8 tc itb'kt,f ufrts-
ltc hjujhw evfk7 bct gbhdtk [fpib c[df vjsfvfibc
ufvjwlbc itvltu8
~u` vfc itvltu7 hfw lhjt,bs uf'tdt,ekvf gbhdtk-[fptkvf
cfc]tkb vjb[flf lf sfvfiib [tkf[kf t,vt,f7 vbc yf-
wdkfl lhjt,bs-vjsfvfit gbhdtk-[fptkb vjtlyblfy
16
ufdf9 bv vjsfvfitc rb7 dbyw uf'tdt,ekbc itvwdktkc fl-
ubkb lfesvj7 vjtlfypt lf,heyt,f ite'kbf8
~l` se uf'tdt,fsf lf nhfdvt,bc ufvj ueylc cfsfyfljl
ufoehsybkb gbhdtk-[fptkt,b dtqfh .jaybc7 sfvfib
whe ithrbyt,bs ufuh'tklt,f8
~t` se vcf]c whe ithrbyt,bc itvjqt,f vje[lf7 vfn-
xbc itvltu tc fv,fdb jhufybpfnjhc eylf fwyj,jc8
~d` se ueylc cfsfyfljl ufoehsybkb gbhdtk-[fptkt,b
vfnxbc lfo.t,fvltdt fhf /.fdc7 vcf]vf whe ithrbyt,f
sfdblfydt eylf itvjbqjc lf vfnxbc itvltu tc fv,fdb
jhufybpfnjhc fwyj,jc8
~p` jhufybpfnjhc ite'kbf lt,ekt,fib xfothjc7 hjv se
ueylc cfsfyfljl ufoehsybkb gbhdtk-[fptkt,b fhf
/.fdc7 vfnxb fh lfbo.t,f8
#8!$ cfibyfj lfvfnt,fyb
~f` rfdibhc ibyfeh kbufib hjnfwbekb itwdkt,bc
~itlb-ufvjlb` itvjqt,f ite'kbf8 itwdkfsf vfmcbvevb
sjhvtnbf8 cfsfyflj otct,c rfdibhb sfdfl lfflutyc8
~,` se it]b,hib c[dflfc[df rfdibhbc ueylt,b ~jqjyl fhf
thjdyekb yfrht,t,b` vjyfobktj,ty7 #8%~u` otcb itb'kt,f
fctw lfbothjc5
~u` hjwf ueylib @@ fy @# vjsfvfitf7 vfsufy bvltyb eylf
b.jc cfsfyfljl ufoehsybkb gbhdtk-[fptkb7 hjv se
ueylc gbhdtkfl lfzbhlf cfsflfhbuj /emthb lf yt,bc-
vbthb ,eh]b7 sfvfibc xdtekt,hbdb ithrbyt,bs ufuh't-
kt,f e[bafsjl it'kjc8
~l` itb'kt,f lfbothjc ve[kb7 hjv ueylc trh'fkt,f bv
vjsfvfibc itwdkf7 dbcb hfubylfhf vbptpbs ufvjrkt,f-
cfw whe ithrbyt,bc itvjqt,f vj.df8
17
$8 cfvjcb
vjsfvfibc cfvjcbf .dtkfathb7 hfw rb vfc sfvfibc

lhjc fwdbf fy ertsbf7 fye rdfhsb ~vfbcehb`7 ijh-
nb7 cfwdkt,b7 utnht,b lf ,ewt,b ~ofqt,b`8
$8! lfvfnt,bsb cfvjcb

~f` vjsfvfitc itb'kt,f twdfc htw[dflb tkfcnbehb ,fylf;b8
~,` vjsfvfitc utnhbc mdti itb'kt,f trtsjc odbd-cfwfdb7
se bc lfafhekbf h,bkb vfcfkbs lf fv cfafhbc cbcmt
yf[tdfh cfynbvtnhpt vtnb fhff8
~u` vjsfvfitc utnhbc mdti itb'kt,f trtsjc rjz-cfwfdb7
hjvtkbw odbdbc vtcfvtlpt vfqfkb fhff8 bub itb'kt,f
lfvpflt,ekb b.jc [bcnb7 jqjyl fhf-kbsjyehb vfcf-
kbcufy8
~l` vjsfvfitc itb'kt,f trtsjc esbsj [tk-sfsvfyb7
hjvtkbw vntdfyc vf]blfy sbst,bc ,jkj cf[cht,fvlt
afhfdc8 sfsvfyb tkfcnbehb eylf b.jc lf qbkb fh
trthjc7 vjzblt,bc iht ~,bhrf` rb cbcmbs ths vbkb-
vtnhc fh fqtvfnt,jltc lf h,bkb vfcfkbcufy b.jc
lfvpflt,ekb8
~t` vjsfvfitc itb'kt,f trtsjc h,bkb lf s[tkb vfcfkbc-
ufy lfvpflt,ekb cf,tzehf7 hjvtkbw xfrtht,ekb bm-
yt,f cfwdfkib fy rdfhsib7 fy vfspt bmyt,f vbvfuht,e-
kb8 cf,tzehf itb'kt,f afhfdltc v[jkjl v[fhcf lf
kfdboc8 ~iterevifdfl` vbcb fhwthsb yfobkb fh eylf
b.jc ths cfynbvtnhpt cmtkb lf cbvrdhbdt $% ru 2re-
,eh vtnhpt vtnb fh eylf ?mjyltc8 cf,tzehfc BH<-bc
lfvqf eylf trhfc8
18
~d` vjsfvfitc gbhib itb'kt,f tljc r,bk-cfwfdb8
~p` vjsfvfitc sfdpt itb'kt,f tafhjc h,bkb lf s[tkb vf-
cfkbcufy lfvpflt,ekb xfa[enb8 ~iterevifdfl` vbcb
fhwthsb yfobkb fh eylf b.jc ths cfynbvtnhpt cmt-
kb lf cbvrdhbdt $% ru 2re,eh vtnhpt vtnb fh eylf
?mjyltc8 xfa[enc BH<-bc lfvqf eylf trhfc8
~s` vjsfvfitc yfnrtyb flubkbc lfafhdf lf
lfwdf ,fylf;bs fy yf[dtdbs ite'kbf8
~b` vjsfvfitc nhfdvbc sfdblfy fcfwbkt,-
kfl itb'kt,f trtsjc s[tkb sfcvf
fy vcufdcb hfv8
$8@ mfkbc lfvfnt,bsb cfvjcb
ptvjs xfvjsdkbkbc ufhlf7 mfkc itb'kt,f trtsjc h,b-
kb lf s[tkb vfcfkbcufy lfvpflt,ekb kbab7 hjvtk-
cfw BH<-bc lfvqf eylf trhfc8 vby !# vv
vby
$8# ,ewbc vjhxt,b !_ vv
~f` ,ewbc vjhxt,b eylf ittatht,jlyty
cfsfyflj cnfylfhnc8 vfmc
@! vv
~,` vjhxc rdtsb ohbekb eylf ?mjyltc8
vjhxb vrdblhfl eylf tvfuht,jltc
,ewbc kfyxfc8
~u` vjhxbc pjvt,b vby @_ vv
55 cbuh't fhf-evtntc @ ! vv ~bpjvt,f kfyxblfy`
55 odthjc vbybvfkehb lbfvtnhb ! _ vv
55 ae'bc vbybvfkehb lbfvtnhb ! # vv ~ecfatyjl`
55 k f y x f c s f y i t v f t h s t , t k b c f a t y b c v b y b v f k e h b
lbfvtnhb @_ vv
19
~l` yt,flfhsekbf c[vekb7 vhfdfk-vjhxf kfyxbc ufvj.t-
yt,fw7 jqjyl vfc vzhtkb gbht,b fh eylf /mjyltc8
$8$ frh'fkekb cfvjcb
~f` vjsfvfitc fh eylf twdfc ufcbc[kbfyt,ekb cfvjcb8
~,` vjsfvfitc fh eylf trtsjc vzhtkb lf vmbct ~e[tib7
nkfymb` hfvtt,b8
~u` vjsfvfitc fh eylf twdfc ~trtsjc` yt,bcvbthb hfv7 hf-
cfw tmyt,f vmbct fy ufvjxhbkb [hf[yb7 hujkb7 leuvf7
tkdf lf vbcsfyt,b8
~l` vjsfvfitc fh eylf trtsjc cfvrfekt,b5 ,tztlb7 cf.e-
ht lf vbcsfyt,b8
~t` vjsfvfitc fh eylf trtsjc sbst,bfyb [tk-sfsvfyb8
~d` vjsfvfitc fh eylf twdfc ijhnb7 hjvtkibw lfvwfdb
cfatybf xfrtht,ekb8
~p` vjsfvfitc bctsb fhfathb eylf twdfc ~trtsjc`7 hjv vbc
hjvtkbvt yfobkc ~iterevifdfl` cbcmt ths cfynbvtnhpt
vtnb7 [jkj cbvrdhbdt $% ru 2 re,eh vtnhpt vtnb
/mjyltc8
~s` vjsfvfitc fh eylf twdfc ~trtsjc` bctsb hfv7 hfw ot-
ct,bs lfidt,ekb rbf7 vfuhfv vcf]bc fphbs7 vjsfvfit-
sf lfifdt,f ite'kbf8
~b` vjsfvfitc ,ewbc odthpt fh eylf trtsjc wfkb vjhxb8
~r` vjsfvfitc c[tekpt lf cfvjcpt fh eylf trtsjc rfdibh-
uf,vekj,bc vjo.j,bkj,fyb8
~k` vjsfvfitc fh eylf twdfc lf fh eylf trtsjc bctsb
hfv7 hfw BH<-bc vt-!@ lt,ekt,fc tobyffqvltut,f8
20
$8% cfvjcbc itvjovt,f
~f` bvfc7 ittcf,fvt,f se fhf vjsfvfitsf cfvjcb lf ,ewbc
vjhxt,b otcbc vjs[jdyt,c7 vfnxbc vcf]b fy sfyf-vcf-
]t,b fvjovt,ty8
~,` vcf]c ite'kbf7 vfnxfvlt lf sfvfibc lhjcfw yt,bcvbth
vjvtynib lffcrdyfc7 hjv vjsfvfibc cfvjcbc hjvtkbvt
yfobkb cf[bafsj fy frh'fkekbf8 fv itvs[dtdfib vcf]vf
vjsfvfitc fv yfobkbc uf[lf fy vj[cyf eylf vjs[jdjc
lf lfvhqdtdb cfsfvfijl vfc itvltuqf lfeidfc7 hfw
bub ,h'fyt,fc itfchekt,c8
~u` se vfnxbc oby7 cfvjcbc itvjovt,bcfc7 vcf]vf fy sfyf-
vcf]vf vjsfvfitc es[htc7 hjv frh'fkekb hfv fwdbf
~ertsbf` lf vtht7 sfvfibcfc ufbhrdf7 hjv vjsfvfitc bubdt
hfv fh ufe[lbf ~vje[cybf`7 lfvhqdtdb eotcj,bcsdbc
vjtlyblfy eylf uff'tdjy8
ufyf[kltc8
$8^ cfvjcbc ufvjwdkf
vcf]vf vjsfvfit cfvjcbc ufvjcfwdktkfl cfsfvfij fhb-
lfy itb'kt,f ufeidfc v[jkjl vfiby7 se cfvjcb uf-
cbc[kbfyt,ekbf8
21
%8 lhj
%8! vfnxbc [fyuh'kbdj,f
vfnxb uh'tklt,f fhf-evtntc (_ oesc8 fvfc itb'kt,f
vbtvfnjc ufwltybkb lhj lf lfvfnt,bsb lhj8
vfnxb b.jaf jh nfbvfl ~yf[tdhfl`8 sbsj nfbvbc [fy-
uh'kbdj,f fhf-evtntc $_ oesbf8
idblrfwf
vfnxb uh'tklt,f fhf-evtntc !$ oesc8 fvfc itb'kt,f
vbtvfnjc ufwltybkb lhj lf lfvfnt,bsb lhj8
vfnxb b.jaf jh nfbvfl ~yf[tdhfl`8 sbsj nfbvbc [fy-
uh'kbdj,f fhf-evtntc * oesbf8
ufvjyfrkbcb8 it]b,ht,bc abyfkb uh'tklt,f fhf-
evtntc @_ oesc8 nfbvbc [fyuh'kbdj,f fhf-evtntc !_
oesbf8
%8@ itcdtyt,f
gbhdtkb nfbvbc itvltu ueylt,vf vjtlybc v[fhtt,b eylf
ufwdfkjy8
fv lhjc w[fllt,f fhf-evtntc ! %-oesf itcdtyt,f8
itcdtyt,bc [fyuh'kbdj,fc vfnxbc jhufybpfnjhb

flutyc8
itcdtyt,bc lhjc ueylt,cf lf vcf]t,c ite'kbfs cfsf-

vfij ufhtvjlfy ufcdkf8
22
idblrfwf
gbhdtkb nfbvbc itvltu ueylt,vf vjtlybc v[fhtt,b eylf
ufwdfkjy8 fv lhjc w[fllt,f fhf-evtntc !-oesbfyb
itcdtyt,f8 abyfkib itcdtyt,f fhf-evtntc @-oesbfybf8
%8# lhjbc fqhbw[df

sfvfibc lhjc bybiyfdc vcf]b8
vcf]c ite'kbf tc cfmvt uflff,fhjc ths-ths fy jhbdt
sfyf-vcf]c7 fylf jabwbfkeh lhjbc vcf]c8 fv itv-
s[dtdfib vcf]vf vfs eylf fybiyjc cffsbc .jdtkb ufxt-
ht,f ~ufwltybkb lhj`8
se vfnxc lhjbc vcf]b fh tvcf[eht,f7 vcf]b rb lhj-
bc cbcojhtv lfftzdf7 ite'kbf vjtsfs,bhjc ths-ths
fy jhbdt sfyf-vcf]c7 lf v[jkjl vfiby7 hjwf fvfsb hxtdf
cfrvfhbcb dthff7 ite'kbf c[dfw lfb[vfhjc8
%8$ ufwltybkb lhj

lhj itb'kt,f ufwltc itvltu vbptpsf ufvj5
~f` nhfdvf8 vcf]c ite'kbf sfvfib uffxthjc fhf-evtntc
thsb oesbs7 hfsf lfifdt,ek vjsfvfitc vb[tljy lf
eofvkjy8
vcf]c ite'kbf uffuh'tkt,byjc sfvfib bv lhjc7 hjwf
tmbvb lfifdt,ek vjsfvfitc cfsfvfij fhtib idtkbc7 fy
nhfdvbht,ekb rbltcsfy sfdfl vbcekf8
se v'bvtl lfifdt,ekb vjsfvfit vjtlyblfyff ufcf.dfyb7
vcf]c cfresfhb it[tlekt,bcfvt,h ite'kbf sfvfib vtnb
[ybsfw ito.dbnjc8
23
~,` cfvjcbc ufvjwdkf8 ,ehsbc emvj,bc lhjc vcf]b
vjsfvfitc yt,fc hsfdc7 hjv fvfy ufvjbwdfkjc fy it-
frtsjc uf[tekb rdfhsb7 ijhnb lf ,ew~t,`b7 fy uf[cyb-
kb pjyfhb itbrhfc8
~u` vjsfvfibc itwdkf ~ufvjwdkf`8 vcf]b ueylc
vjsfvfibc itwdkfc ~ufvjwdkfc` flhjdt,c8
~l` vcf]sf sfs,bhb8 vcf]b tsfs,bht,f sfyf-vcf]t,c7
lhjbc vcf]c fy ntkt-vcf]c8
%8% ufwltybkb lhjbc fyfpqfeht,f
ufwltybkb lhj tvfnt,f vfnxbc itcf,fvbc nfbvc8
%8^ lfvfnt,bsb lhj

vfnxvf itb'kt,f (_ oespt vtn [fycfw ufcnfyjc7 serb
jkbvgbehb cbcntvbs vbvlbyfht it]b,hib7 lt,ekt,bc
sfyf[vfl7 ahtpt lfvfnt,bsb lhjf lfcfybiyb8
lfvfnt,bsb lhj fhf-evtntc @_ oesbf lf jhb !_-oesf
nfbvbcufy itlut,f8 lfvfnt,bsb lhjbc oby !_-oesf itc-
dtyt,f w[fllt,f lf obkbw [tkf[kf b.ht,f8 lfvfnt,b-
sb lhjbc gbhdtkb nfbvbc itvltu ueylt,b vjtlybc v[f-
htt,c ufwdkbfy lf sfvfic itecdtyt,kbd ufyff[kt,ty8
idblrfwf
se vfnxb ahtl lfvsfdhlf lf lfcfybiybf lfvfnt,bsb
lhj7 bub %-oesf vjyfrdtst,fl vjto.j,f8 sbsjtekbc
itvltu ueylt,b vjtlybc v[fhtt,c itecdtyt,kbd wdkbfy8
lfvfnt,bs lhjib gbhdtkbdt ,ehsbc ufvnfyb ueylb
ufvfh]dt,ekfl w[fllt,f7 vfnxb rb evfk o.lt,f8
24
%8* c[df lt,ekt,t,b
~f` thjdyek yfrht,sf vfnxib sfvfib .jdtksdbc (_
oesc uh'tklt,f8 fvfc tvfnt,f ufwltybkb lhj8
~,` c[df ljybc vfnxbc [fyuh'kbdj,fc rfdibhb flutyc8
~u` se rfdibhc [fyuh'kbdj,f fh lfelutybf7 ueylt,b sf-
dfl eylf vjhbulyty8 se vfs tc dth it'ktc7 cfrbs[c
vcf]b uflfo.dtnc8
~l` se vcf]c vbfxybf7 hjv sfvfibc ufuh'tkt,f cf[bafsjf7
ite'kbf vfnxb lfe.jdyt,kbd lffvsfdhjc8
~t` se lhj fvjboehf7 vfuhfv ,ehsb emvb fhff7 fy vfyfv-
lt lfybiyekb ithrbyt,f fy lthtafyb fh lfchekt,e-
kf7 vcf]vf sfvfib eylf uffuh'tkt,byjc vfyfv7 cfyfv
,ehsb rdkfd emvb fh uf[lt,f8
,ehsb emvbf7 se vcf]vf

55 lfybiyf ithrbyt,f7 lthtafyb fy @@-lfy lfhn.vf9
55 e]fhbvj fhxtdfyb itcsfdfpf vfhsfk ueylc9
55 ueylvf lffhn.f ufhlfcf[df9
55 cf]fhbvj fy fhtryb rfhib ufdblf8
ithrbyt,f se [tk-f[kff lfcfo.j,b7 fh lfchekt,ekf8

se ]th lhj fvjboehf7 vtht rb fkfkfl lfzthf7
sfdbceafkb fy cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf lfbybiyf7 vcf]vf
sfvfib eylf uffuh'tkt,byjc8
~d` se lhj ktkjc ufnfybc itvltu fvjboehf7 vcf]vf

ueylc ufhlfcf[dbc itchekt,f eylf flhjdjc8
25
~p` hjwf 'ffy w[tkf fylf /fthb it[esekbf ~ntybfyj,ff
vfqfkb`7 vcf]c sfdbcb it[tlekt,bcfvt,h ite'kbf jhbdt
nfbvib sbsj lfcfho.ekt,tkb7 !-oesbfyb nfbv-fenb
ufvjfw[fljc8
ufwltybkb lhj eylf oftvfnjc itcf,fvbc nfbvc8
nfbv-fenb eylf vjto.jc ,ehsbc ufnfybc itvltu fy
vfiby7 hjwf sfvfib vjtlybc ief [fpsfyff ufxtht,ekb8
zf,ert,b
!) okfvltksf vfnxib nfbvb #%-oesff8
vfnxb uh'tklt,f fhf-evtntc *_ oesc8
ubyl it]b,hb jkbvgbehb cbcntvbs bvfhst,jltc7 vcf]-
vf ahtl lfchekt,ekb vfnxbc itvltufw rb fh eylf
lfybiyjc lfvfnt,bsb lhj8
26
^8 vcf]t,b
.jdtk vfnxc e'qdt,bfy vcf]t,b5 vjtlybc vcf]b

~htathb` lf jhbw rblbc vcf]b fy sfyf-vcf]b8
jhufybpfnjhvf vfnxpt lfvfnt,bs itb'kt,f lfybi-
yjc lf lfeidfc cfsflfhbuj vcf]b fylf sfyf-vcf]b7
ntkt-vcf]b7 lhjbc vcf]b7 vfnxbc tmbvb7 ueylt,bc tmb-
vt,b7 ueylt,bc fhf-vjsfvfit otdht,b lf ,ehsbc vbv-
nfyt,b8
^8f vjtlybc vcf]b ~htathb`

sfvfifvlt
^f8! vcf]bc lfybidyf
vcf]c vfnxbc jhufybpfnjhb ybiyfdc8 se vfc vcf]b fh
lfeybiybf7 ueylt,b vcf]c sfdfl fbhxtdty7 [jkj se uey-
lt,b dth itsfy[vlyty7 vcf]b vfcgby'tkvf ueylvf eylf
lffcf[tkjc8
^f8@ vcf]bc ufvjwdkf
se vcf]b vfnxc ,jkjvlt dth ufe'qdf7 vbcb itwdkf
jhufybpfnjhbc vbth ufwtvekb vbsbst,bs eylf vj[ltc8
se jhufybpfnjhc fctsb vbsbst,f fh ufewbf7 vcf]b
sfdfl lffcf[tkt,c itvwdktkc7 [jkj se vcf]b fvfc
dth bpfvc7 f[fkb vcf]b vfcgby'tkvf eylf lfybiyjc8
^f8# obkbc-.hf
vcf]vf eylf .fhjc obkb8 cffvbcjl thsb ueylbc rfgb-
nfyvf [ehlf aekb eylf ffuljc7 vtjhbcfv rb vfyfvlt
3,jh]qfkb4 fy 3stshb4 smdfc8
27
obkbc vjvut,b fbhxtdc sfvfibc lfo.t,fc fy vjtlybc
v[fhtc8 se vfy vjtlybc v[fht fbhxbf7 sfvfic vtnjmt
ueylb lfbo.t,c8
sfvfibc lhjc
^f8$ hf tdfkt,f vcf]c
~f` sfvfibc lhjc vjtlfypt vjv[lfh vjdktyt,c vcf]b ot-
ct,c ths-gbhjdyekfl esfyflt,c8 vcf]vf .dtkf otcb
.jdtksdbc pecnfl lf ufye[htkfl eylf fvjmvtljc8
~,` vcf]b bybiyfdc cfsfvfij lhjc8
~u` vcf]b bsdkbc fyufhbic8
~l` vcf]b vjsfvfitc cfsfvfij fhblfy ufcdkbc yt,fc hsfdc8
~t` vcf]b cfsflfhbuj vjsfvfitc cfsfvfij fhtib itcdkbc
yt,fc hsfdc8
~d` vcf]b yt,fc hsfdc tmbvt,cf lf tmsyt,c7 hjv tctyb otct-
,bs lflutybk lhjcf lf flubkpt cfsfvfij fhtib it-
dblyty8
~p` vcf]b yt,fc hsfdc voehsytkc7 hjv itcdtyt,bc lhjc
cfsfvfij fhtib itdbltc lf sfdbc ueylc hxtdf vbcwtc8
^f8% vjsfvfit vcf]c fh eylf tlfdjc
vjsfvfit vcf]c gfnbdbs eylf vjtg.hfc lf fh tlfdjc
uflfo.dtnbkt,fsf ufvj8 hjujhw rb vcf]b cfcndtyc
xf,thfdc ~wtynhblfy lfhn.vbc ufhlf`7 vjsfvfitv sf-
vfib evfk eylf ito.dbnjc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf lfhqdtdbc flubkpt fy
bm7 cflfw sfvfib eylf ufyf[kltc8
28
^f8^ uflfo.dtnbkt,bc itwdkf
vcf]c ite'kbf itwdfkjc uflfo.dtnbkt,f7 se sfyf-
vcf]vf ~rblbc vcf]vf` fkfvb fobf lf fvbs fenpt uflf-
cdkf fy ,by'ehfl sfvfib fybiyf8
^f8* c[dfsf hxtdbc vjcvtyf
~f` vcf]c ite'kbf sfyf-vcf]c hxtdf /rbs[jc vbcb aeym-
wbbc7 ,by'ehfl sfvfibc7 cfsfvfij lhjbcf lf c[df otct-
,bc ~vfs ijhbc7 sfvfi-ufhtc` ufvjw8
~,` vfnxbc jhufybpfnjhc ite'kbf lfybiyjc cfsfyflj vj-
o.j,bkj,bs fqzehdbkb ntkt-vcf]b8
se vcf]b ktkjc ufnfybc fy ktkjc lfwdbc ufvj zjz-
vfyj,c7 ite'kbf hxtdf ntkt-vcf]c /rbs[jc8
vcf]c ite'kbf ntkt-vcf]c ktkjib ,by'ehfl sfvfibc
ufvjw ittrbs[jc8
se vcf]b rfhib lfhn.vbc itltubc ufvj zjzvfyj,c7 it-
e'kbf hxtdf ntkt-vcf]c /rbs[jc8
se vcf]b fy sfyf-vcf]b bvbc ufvj zjzvfyj,ty7 ktkjib
,ehsbc lfvvbot,tkb vjsfvfit fenib b.j se fhf7 it-
e'kbfs hxtdf ntkt-vcf]c /rbs[jy8
se vcf]b fy sfyf-vcf]b bvbc ufvj zjzvfyj,ty7 ktkjc
ufnfyfvlt ,ehsb ktkjc erfyf [fppt uflfdblf se fhf7
fy emvb c[df [th[bs [jv fh uf[lf7 ite'kbfs hxtdf nt-
kt-vcf]c /rbs[jy8
~u` jhufybpfnjhc ite'kbf lfybiyjc lhjbc vcf]b7 dbyw
nfbvsf lfvsfdht,fc cf]fhjl ufvjfw[flt,c8
~l` fm xfvjsdkbksf ufhlf7 vcf]vf hxtdf c[dfc fhfdbc fh
eylf /rbs[jc8
29
^f8( cfcndtyb
~f` vcf]c sfy eylf ?mjyltc cfcndtyb lf vfc vfnxbc jhbdt
yf[tdhbc lfo.t,bcf lf lfvsfdht,bc ybiyfl xf,thjc8
~,` vcf]c sfvfibc itxtht,f yt,bcvbth lhjc ite'kbf8
~u` vcf]vf ,ehsbc ufnfybcf lf ktkjc lfwdbc ybiyfl eylf
lfecndbyjc8
~l` vcf]vf eylf lfecndbyjc vfiby7 hjwf otcbc lfhqdtdbc
fy ,by'ehfl sfvfibc ufvj sfvfic fxtht,c8
se vcf]vf lfvhqdtdb uffahs[bkf fy uff'tdf7 cf]fhbvj
lfhn.vbc fy cf]fhbvj ktkjc lfybidybc lhjc vtjht-
lfw eylf lfecndbyjc8
~t` vcf]vf eylf lfecndbyjc7 se ,ehsb sfvfiblfy ufdblf7
vbcb sfvfib ite'kt,tkb uf[lf fy cf]fhbvj lfybiyf8
~d` vcf]vf eylf lfecndbyjc7 se ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsf-
vfit vfc itt[j lf fvbs hjvtkbvt ueylvf b[tbhf8
~p` se sfvfibc ufuh'tkt,f cf[bafsjf7 vcf]vf eylf lfe-
cndbyjc8 fm buekbc[vt,f ithrbyt,bc xfmwtdf7 ithrbyt-
,fib gbhdtkb [fpbc vjsfvfibc fotdf fy fvjltdyf7 lf
itvs[dtdf7 hjwf vjsfvfibc v'bvtl lfifdt,f firfhff8
~s` vcf]c otct,ib vjnfybkb yt,bcvbthb c[df vbptpbsfw
ite'kbf lfecndbyjc lf sfvfib itfxthjc8
^f8) nhfdvt,b
~f` se vjsfvfit bct lfifdlf7 hjv sfvfibc ufuh'tkt,f cf-
[bafsjf7 vcf]vf evfk eylf lfecndbyjc8
~,` se vcf]vf sfvfib nhfdvbc ufvj itfxthf7 vfuhfv otcb
fh lfhqdtekf lf fhw ,ehsb ufv[lfhf emvb7 sfvfib
30
ithrbyt,bs ufyf[klt,f8 vfcib ,ehsc itfult,c bc uey-
lb7 dbyw ,ehsc ,jkj akj,lf7 [jkj se ,ehsb fhfdb-
cb b.j7 vfiby itfult,c itvntdb8
~u` se sfvfibc ufuh'tkt,f yt,bcvbthb vbptpbsff cf[baf-
sj7 vcf]vf cfcndtyc eylf xf,thjc8
^f8!_ ,ehsb vcf]c itt[j
~f` se ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit vcf]c itt[j7 vfuhfv
fvbs [tbhb dthw-thsvf ueylvf dth yf[f7 sfvfib uh'tk-
lt,f8
~,` se fv it[t,bs ths-thsvf ueylvf vjtlfyib b[tbhf7 vcf]vf
eylf lfybiyjc ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc bc ueylb
itfult,c7 dbyw vbcbs ,jkjv bsfvfif8
~u` se fv it[t,bs ths-thsvf ueylvf ktkjib b[tbhf lf
,ehsc itvntdb akj,lf7 vcf]vf it[t,bc flubkpt kt-
kj ufnfybkfl eylf xfsdfkjc8
~l` se fv it[t,bs ths-thsvf ueylvf ktkjib b[tbhf lf
,ehsc lfvwdtkb akj,lf7 vcf]vf it[t,bc flubkpt kt-
kj lfwekfl eylf xfsdfkjc8
^f8!! ktkjib ,ehsb ufhtit gbhc itt[j
fv lhjc vcf]vf eylf itfafcjc7 cfdfhfeljl hf vj[lt-
,jlf7 lf it[t,bc flubkpt ktkj ufnfybkfl fy lf-
wekfl xfsdfkjc8
sfvfibc itvltu
^f8!@ fyufhbib
vcf]vf ueylt,c fyufhbib eylf ufvjew[fljc lf bub vfn-
xbc jhufybpfnjhcfw fwyj,jc8
31
^f8!# uf'tdt,ekb vjsfvfit
se vcf]vf vjsfvfit vjtlyblfy uff'tdf7 vfnxbc itvltu7
it'kt,bc lf udfhfl vfkt7 jhufybpfnjhc othbkj,bsb
gfnfrb eylf ofhelubyjc8
^8, sfyf-vcf]t,b ~rblbc vcf]t,b`

sfvfifvlt
^,8! sfyf-vcf]t,bc lfybidyf
vfnxc jhb sfyf-vcf]b ~fy rblbc vcf]b` tvcf[eht,f8 se
bcbyb jhufybpfnjhc fh lfeybiyfdc7 ueylt,vf vcf]c
sbsj rblbc vcf]b eylf vbe.dfyjy8
rblbc vcf]vf ~vjtlybc` vcf]c eylf fybiyjc fenib fy
ktkjc rbltpt uflfcdkf lf rfhib lfhn.vbc itltub8
sfyf-vcf]vf7 rblbc vcf]bc vjdfktj,t,pt lfvfnt,bs7
vcf]c ,by'ehfl sfvfibw eylf fybiyjc8
vcf]vf vfcdt itb'kt,f lffrbchjc yt,bcvbthb c[df
aeymwbfw7 hjvtkcfw sfdfl fchekt,c8
^,8@ sfyf-vcf]bc itwdkf
jhufybpfnjhc ite'kbf lfybiyjc cfsflfhbuj sfyf-
vcf]b7 dbyw7 se cfzbhj uf[lf7 vcf]c fy sfyf-vcf]c it-
wdkbc8 tc gbhb vfnxbc lhjc gthbvtnhib bv.jat,f8
^,8# sfyf-vcf]bc vfhsdf
sfyfv-cf]t,c ufyfut,c vcf]b8 fvfc ite'kbf sfyf-vcf]c
ufyevfhnjc vbcb aeymwbt,b lf ufeemvjc uflfo.dtnb-
kt,f8
32
se sfyf-vcf]b vjdfktj,fc sfdc dth fhsvtdc7 vcf]c it-
e'kbf vbcb ufvjwdkf vjbs[jdjc8 vtnbw7 se vcf]c vb-
fxybf7 hjv sfyf-vcf]b eotcjl bmwtdf7 vfc uff'tdt,c lf
cfsfyflj gfnfrc jhufybpfnjhc ufeupfdybc8
sfvfibc lhjc
^,8$ cfl vjmvtlt,c sfyf-vcf]b
~f` fcgfhtpbc sbsj rbltpt sbsj sfyf-vcf]b vjmvtlt,c8

sfyf-vcf]b cek rbltptf8 ufvjyfrkbcbf rfhib lfhn.vbc
ufyc]f8 fv lhjc sfyf-vcf]b ktkjib7 rfhbc erfy lut,f8
~,` sfyf-vcf]b cfsfvfij fhtib eylf itdbltc7 se vcf]c cf-
[bafsjl sfvfibc fy eotcj,bc itcf[t, eylf vjf[ctyjc8
vfy tc eylf uffrtsjc v[jkjl sfvfibc itvltub itxtht-
,bcfc8
^,8% sfyf-vcf]bc ;tcnt,b
~f` uflfo.dtnbkt,bc cfybiyt,kfl sfyf-vcf]c eylf tzb-
hjc fkfvb fy vcufdcb cfufyb8
~,` rfhib lfhn.vf8 ufhlfcf[dbcf lf cf]fhbvjc rfhib
lfhn.vbc lhjc7 sfyf-vcf]t,b vcf]c itltubc lflutyf-
ib eylf ittidtkjy8 bcbyb sbsjl eylf lfluyty rfhbc
'tkt,bc erfy lf se ,ehsb 'tkt,c ief lf [fhb[bc pt-
vjs ufbahtyc7 ujkbc ybiyfl fkvt,b fobjy8
~u` fenib ufcdkf8 se ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit
fenib ~rbltpt` ufdblf7 sfyf-vcf]vf fkfvb eylf fobjc8
bub eylf lflutc fenbc vjojlt,bc flubkpt lf [tkb
bv ueylbcrty ufbidbhjc7 dbcfw vjojlt,f thut,f8 sfyf-
vcf]vf vcf]c ,ehsbc fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfibc ktkjc
rbltpt uflfcdkfw fkvbc fotdbs eylf fybiyjc8
33
~l` fenbc vjojlt,f8 rblblfy ,ehsbc vjojlt,bc itv-
ltu sfyf-vcf]vf fkfvb eylf lfeidfc bv itvs[dtdfsf
ufhlf7 hjwf
!8 ufvjyfrkbcb5 ,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkvf vjsfvfitv
seylfw wfkb nthab cfsfvfij vjtlfyib lff,b]f8
@8 ufvjyfrkbcb5 ,ehsb bv ueylvf vjfojlf7 dbcfw
fh thut,jlf8
#8 ufvjyfrkbcb5 fenib ufcekb ,ehsb cohfafl it-
vjult,fvlt c[dbs itwdfktc7 fy fenib ufcdkbc itvltu
,ehsc vbcb itvjvult,bc ufhlf c[dfw itt[j8
~t` bvfc7 ,ehsb cfsfyflj flubkblfy vjfojltc se fhf7
o.dtnc vcf]b lf fhf sfyf-vcf]b8
~d` ,by'ehfl sfvfib8 vcf]bcsdbc ,by'ehfl sfvfibcf
lf eotcj,bc cfybiyt,kfl sfyf-vcf]vf fkfvb ?jhbpjy-
nfkehfl eylf lfbzbhjc lf vjtlfyib rblbc vfhsj,e-
kfl uflfabyjc8
^,8^ ,by'ehfl sfvfibc ybiyt,bc itvltu
jhufybpfnjhc ite'kbf sfyf-vcf]c vcf]bcsdbc ,by'e-
hfl sfvfibc ybiyt,f lffdfkjc8
hjwf fvfc idht,f7 sfyf-vcf]b sfvfibc vjvltdyj itxt-
ht,fvlt rbltpt hxt,f lf vfcpt lfrbcht,ekb c[df aeym-
wbt,bc itchekt,fc fuh'tkt,c7 cfcndtypt rb cfsfvfij
fhtib itdf lf vcf]c .dtkfathc vjf[ctyt,c8
gfnfrbc vjcvtybc itvltu vcf]b bqjyt,c bvfc7 hfcfw cf-
zbhjl vbbxytdc8 lfvhqdtdc yt,bcvbthb cfc]tkb ,by'e-
hfl sfvfibc otcbc ~b[bkt !_8 otcb` vb[tldbs eylf lft-
rbchjc8
34
sfvfibc itvltu
^,8* uf'tdt,ekb vjsfvfit
se vjsfvfit vjtlyblfy sfyf-vcf]bc xfhtdbc ufvj uf-
f'tdtc7 fv sfyf-vcf]vf vfnxbc itvltu7 it'kt,bc lf udf-
hfl vfkt7 vcf]c eylf ofhelubyjc othbkj,bsb gfnfrb
lf bub jhufybpfnjhcfw ufeupfdyjc8
idblrfwf
^,8( ktkjc vcf]t,b
~f` vfnxc jhb ktkjc vcf]b tvcf[eht,f8

~,` vfs vcf]b bctdt ufyfut,c7 hjujh sfyf-vcf]t,c8
~u` jhbdt ktkjib sbsj ktkjc vcf]b vjmvtlt,c8
~l` rfhib lfhn.vf8 ufhlfcf[dbcf lf cf]fhbvjc
rfhib lfhn.vbc lhjc7 ktkjc vcf]b ~vjtlybc` vcf]c
itltubc lflutyfib eylf ittidtkjc8 bub rfhbc erfy
eylf lflutc lf se ,ehsb 'tkt,c ief lf [fhb[bc pt-
vjs ufbahtyc7 ujkbc ybiyfl fkfvb fobjc8
~t` ktkjc rbltpt uflfcdkf8 se ,ehsb fy
,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit ktkjc rbltpt uflfdblf7 bm vjmvtl-
vf ktkjc vcf]vf fkfvb eylf fobjc8
~d` ktkjc ufnfyf8 se vcf]b ktkjc ufnfybc fy
lfwdbc ufvj ittzdlf7 hxtdfc ktkjc vcf]c lftrbs[t,f8
~p` ,by'ehfl sfvfib8 jhufybpfnjhc ite'kbf kt-
kjc vcf]c lffdfkjc ktkjib xfltybkb ,by'ehfl sfvf-
ibc itvs[dtdfsf vcf]bcsdbc ybiyt,f8
35
^8u c[df gbht,b
û8! cfsflfhbuj sfyf-vcf]b
se vfnxpt cfsflfhbuj sfyf-vcf]bf lfybiyekb7 vcf]c
ite'kbf vfc vjsfvfitsf itwdkbcsdbc sdfk-.ehbc
ltdyt,f lffdfkjc8
û8@ dbc ite'kbf cfsfvfij fhtib itcdkf
vfnxbc tmbvcf lf ueylbc fhf-vjsfvfit otdht,c vcf]bc
lfcnehbs cfsfvfij fhtib itcdkf ite'kbfs8
û8# hjlbc ite'kbfs fvfs bm itcdkf
nhfdvbc lhjc ptvjs [ctyt,ek gbht,c cfsfvfij fhtib
itcdkf sfvfibc itextht,kbdfw ite'kbfs7 jqjylfw
vcf]bc lfcnehbs8 c[dfahbd7 tc itb'kt,f ufrtsltc v[j-
kjl ,ehsbc emvj,bc lhjc8
36
*8 sfvfibc [th[b
*8! ,ehsfj,f
vfnxb bo.t,f wtynhblfy lfhn.vbs8
fvbc itvltu yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ,ehsbc fqt,f

lf ,ehsbfyfl ufmwtdf8
yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ,ehsbc [tkbs n.jhwyf

lf at[bs lfhn.vf8
yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ,ehsbc c[df vjsfvfibc-

sdbc vbwtvf8
yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ,ehsbfyb vtnjmbc it,jzdf7

lfzthf lf ,b'ut,f8
yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ,ehspt lfojkf8
yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ithrbyt,fib7 hfmib7 vjkcf

lf lthtafyib vjyfobktj,f8
yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ktkjib ,ehsbc lfvb-

ot,f8
,ehsbfy vjsfvfitc ite'kbf vtnjmbcsdbc [tkbc rdhf8
thsb rbf7 hfcfw vjsfvfit idht,f7 .dtkfathb otct,bc

sfyf[vfl eylf frtsjc8
37
(8 [tbhb ~egbhfntcj,f`
[tbhbc otcb c[df otcsf evtntcj,fc 'fkfdc8 vbcb lf-

ybiyekt,f bcff7 hjv lfhqdtdt,bs ufvjodtekb itxtht-
,t,bc itvwbht,bs sfvfib eahj eo.dtnb ufvjdbltc8
vjsfvfitv7 vtnjmbc vbth otcbc lfhqdtdbc vbe[tlf-
dfl7 sfvfib cfcndtyfvlt fh eylf ito.dbnjc7 hflufy
se fv lfhqdtdbc itvltu vfhsfkb ueylb [tbhj,c7 vcf]b
evfk fh ecndtyc lf sfvfic fuh'tkt,byt,c8
(8! [tbhbc fhcb

~f` vcf]bf bvbc thsfl-thsb ufyvc]tkb7 yf[f se fhf ueylvf
[tbhb8 fvbc uflfo.dtnbcfc vcf]c ahbflb eakt,t,b fmdc8
~,` [tbhb fy nthbnjhbekbf lf fyfw nfmnbrehb8
~u` nthbnjhbekb [tbhb vjtlybc vjut,fib fbcf[t,f8
~l` nfmnbreh [tbhib bc buekbc[vt,f7 hjv vfhsfk ueylc
cf,ehsfjl ertstcb itcf'kt,kj,f t'ktdf8
(8@ se ueylvf dth b[tbhf
[tbhb firfhf lf [tk-itcf[t,b eylf b.jc8 vbcb vbqt-
,bc v[jkjl ifycb fhfahbc vfmybcbf8
se vfhsfkvf ueylvf sfvfibc ufuh'tkt,bs [tbhb dth
yf[f7 vcf]vf eylf lfecndbyjc lf sfvfib lfhqdtdbc fl-
ubkpt lff,heyjc8
(8# hjlbc fh ufvjb.tyt,f [tbhbc otcb
~f` vcf]bc it[t,f8 se ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit
vcf]c itt[j8
38
~,` udbhf,blfy ufvjdfhlyf8 se ,ehsb ithrbyt,bc
udbhf,bc yt,bcvbthb ,jkjlfy esfvfit,kfl ufvjdblf8
~u` i t h r b y t , bc l f n h b f k t , f8 se ithrbyt,f )_
uhflecpt vtnfl lfnhbfklf8
~l` ithrbyt,bc xfmwtdf8 ithrbyt,bc xfmwtdbc lhjc
vcf]vf lfe.jdyt,kbd eylf lfecndbyjc8
~t` vjsfvfibc fotdf8 se vjsfvfit ithrbyt,fib fobtc
fy bmblfy fvjltdytc7 vcf]vf lfe.jdyt,kbd eylf lf-
ecndbyjc8
~d` emvb ,ehsb8 ,ehsb emvb uf[lf ~b[bkt ud8 @%`
(8$ [tbhbc ufhtit - evfk cfcndtyb=

vcf]vf se uflfo.dbnf7 hjv vfhsfkb ueylb dth [tb-
hj,c7 evfk eylf lfecndbyjc8
(8% hfvltybvt lfhqdtdf

~f` se ueylvf otcb vb.jkt,bs lffhqdbf lf
55 w[flbf7 hjv vtjht lfhqdtdfc [tbhb dth vj.dt,f -
vcf]vf gbhdtkbc cfc]tkb eylf lfybiyjc9
55 vtjht lfhqdtdbc cfyfwdkjl vfhsfkvf ueylvf [tbhb
dth yf[f - vcf]vf vtjhbc cfc]tkb eylf lfybiyjc9
55 ths-thsb ,by'ehfl sfvfib b.j - vcf]vf fvbcb
cfc]tkb eylf lfybiyjc8
~,` se [tbhbc otcb ths-thsb ueylbc vbth xfltybkb lf-
hqdtdbc ufvj vjmvtlt,lf lf fv lhjc otcb vtnjmtvfw
lffhqdbf - vcf]vf eylf lfecndbyjc lf gbhdtkb
ueylb lfcf]jc8
39
)8 ,ehsbc ufnfyf
)8f mekt,bc vjuhjdt,f
)f8! yb[hb
ktkj 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 % mekf
se itvntdvf vjsfvfitv ,ehsb vtnjmbc ktkjib lffvbof7
vbc ueylc ktkj tsdkt,f8
cf]fhbvj ktkj 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 % mekf
se vtnjmbc v[hbd ,by'ehfl sfvfib hjv fhf7 vjsfvfit kt-
kjc yfqlfl ufbnfylf7 rfhbc 'tkt,c ijhbc cf]fhbvj
ktkj bsdkt,f8
ufhlfcf[ekb ujkb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 @ mekf
ktkjc ufnfybc itvltu ueylc eakt,f t'ktdf7 rfhib
lfhn.vbs ujkbc ufnfyfw cwfljc8 tc dhwtklt,f cf-
]fhbvj ktkjptw8 lfhn.vfc ufhlfcf[df tojlt,f
lf vboblfy fy fhtrybs cheklt,f8
cf]fhbvj ujkb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 # mekf
se vjsfvfitv cf]fhbvj lfhn.vbs ufbnfyf ujkb7 vbc
ueylc cf]fhbvj ujkb tsdkt,f8
fhtrybs ujkb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 # mekf
se vjsfvfitv sfvfiblfy fhtrybs lffhn.f lf ujkb ufbn-
fyf7 vbc ueylc fhtrybs ujkb tsdkt,f8 sfdbceaf-
kb lfhn.vblfy fhtrybc ufnfyf v[jkjl vfc itvltu itb'-
kt,f7 hfw ,ehsb bctd emvb uf[lf7 vtnjmtv ,ehsbs bsf-
vfif7 vfc itt[j fy ,ehsbfyb it,jzf8 tc itpqeldf sfdb-
ceafkbc vfubdhfl fhxtek ithrbyt,fptw dhwtklt,f8
40
)f8@ rfhib lfhn.vbc pjub otcb
~f` se lfhn.vbc itvltu ,ehsb vbofc fy lfvhn.vtkbc uey-
ltkc itt[j7 ujkb fh bsdkt,f8
~,` se ,ehsb [fhb[fc uflfwlf7 vfuhfv itvltu mfhvf erfy7
vjtlfyib ofvjbqj7 ujkb vfbyw bsdkt,f8
~u` se rfhib lfhn.vbc lhjc vtnjmtv otcb lffhqdbf7 ,ehsb
rb rfhib ufdblf7 [tbhbc otcbs ujkb bsdkt,f8
~l` cf]fhbvjc rfhib lfhn.vbc lhjc vtnjmtc ,ehsbc it-
[t,bs ujkbc sfdblfy fwbkt,f trh'fkt,f8
cfc]tkb5 ~[tk-f[fkb` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf ~it[t,bc
flubkpt`
)8< ufhlfcf[df
se vjsfvfitv ktkj ufbnfyf7 vbc ueylc eakt,f t'ktdf

~vfuhfv fh tdfkt,f` rfhib lfhn.vbs ujkbc ufnfyfw
cwfljc8 tc dhwtklt,f cf]fhbvj ktkjptw8
fv lfhn.vfc ufhlfcf[df tojlt,f8 bub vboblfy fy
fhtrybs cheklt,f8
),8! ufhlfcf[dbc itchekt,f

~f` se fh lfpbfyt,ekf7 lfvhn.vtkvf bc ,ehsb eylf uf-
vjb.tyjc7 hjvkbsfw sfvfij,lyty8
~,` lfhn.vf cheklt,f ktkjc ufnfybc flubkpt ufdkt-
,ekb [fpblfy8
~u` lfvhn.vtkc ,ehsbc lf.tyt,f ite'kbf eiefkjl vb-
ofpt7 mdbifpt7 yf[th[pt fy rfdibhbc vbth vjojyt,ek
cflufvpt8
41
~l` lfvhn.vtkvf lfhn.vf ufyphf[dbc ufv;qfdyt,blfy ths
oesib eylf itfchekjc8 ufv;qfdyt,fl bsdkt,f cfluf-
vbc fy mdbibc vjnfyf7 fy lfhn.vbc flubkbc vjtlfypt
vjybidyf8 ,ehsb lfhn.vfvlt ubylfw ofbmwtc lf [tk-
f[kf lfcf.tyt,tkb uf[ltc7 lfvhn.vtkvf .dtkfathc
vfbyw thsb oesb eylf fv.jabyjc8
cfc]tkb5 se lfvhn.vtkvf lflutybk lhjib fh
~dth` lffhn.f7 ufhlfcf[df emvlt,f8
idblrfwf
se ueylb ufhlfcf[dfc ehn.fvc7 tc fhtrybs7 ktkjc
ufnfyblfy $_ ofvib eylf uffrtsjc8
55 fvjbifkjc ~u`
),8@ lfvhn.vtkbc ueylb

~f` lfvhn.vtkbc vstkb ueylb7 ufhlf ,ehsbc lfv.tyt,kbcf7
lfhn.vbcfc ,ehspt erfy eylf b.jc8
~,` lfvhn.vtkvf lf lfv.tyt,tkvf bctsb fhfathb eylf xf-
blbyjy7 hbsfw vtnjmt vjn.edlt,f lf vfs sfdc yffl-
htdfl lftc[vt,f8
~u` se lfvhn.vtkc lf.tyt,ekb ,ehsb ufvjh,tybc lfo.t-
,fvlt oftmwf7 vcf]b [tk-f[kf7 jqjylfw ufe]fy]kt,-
kbd lf.tyt,bc eakt,fc vbwtvc8 fv lhjc vtnjmtt,b sf-
dbfysb rfhbc [fpbc erfy eylf lfhxyty8
~l` se lf.tyt,ekb ,ehsb ufvjmwtek lfvhn.vtkc oftmwf7
vfc vfbyw ite'kbf vboblfy fy fhtrybs lfhn.vf8
~t` se ,ehsb ktkjc ufnfybc flubkpt ufdkt,ekb [fpb-
lfy uflfujhlf7 vfuhfv lfvhn.vtkvf rfhib vfbyw ufb-
nfyf7 ujkb bsdkt,f8
42
~d` se ufvjmwtek lfvhn.vtkc lf.tyt,ekb ,ehsb fenib
uflfeujhlf7 ufhlfcf[df emvlt,f8
cfc]tkb5 se otcb lfvhn.vtkbc ueylvf lffhqdbf7
lfhn.vf emvlt,f8
),8# vtnjmt ueylb
~f` dblht lfvhn.vtkb ,ehsbcrty ufbmwtdf fy lfhn.vfc
lfbo.t,c7 vtnjmbc vstkb ueylb sfdbcb rfhbc [fpbc erfy
eylf ufykfultc7 itvltu rb lfvwdtkt,c ite'kbfs uf-
vjmwtdf7 f[njvf lf fvbs ujkbc sfdblfy fwbkt,f8 thsb
rbf7 bcbyb thsvfytsc fh eylf lft.hlyjy8
~,` se ufvjmwtek lfvhn.vtkc ,ehsb oftmwf7 vtnjmtc it-
e'kbf fh ufxthltc8
~u` lfvwdtkvf ueylvf lfhn.vbc itchekt,bc lhjc fh eylf
b.dbhjc8
cfc]tkb5 se otcb lfvwdtkvf ueylvf lffhqdbf7 ,ehsb
rb rfhib ufdblf7 ujkb bsdkt,f8
se lfhn.vf ufwellf7 lfvhn.vtkc [tk-vtjhtl lfhn.vf
ite'kbf7 lfvwdtkc rb ufvjmwtdf trh'fkt,f8
[tk-f[kf lfhn.vbcfc lfvhn.vtkc vstkb cfvpflbcbc
ufvtjht,f lf lfhn.vbc [th[bc itwdkfw ite'kbf8
idblrfwf
~f` vtnjmt ueylvf sfdb ufe]fy]kt,kbd eylf vjb.f-
hjc cfresfh !_ -vtnhf [fpsfy8
55 fvjbifkjc ~,` lf cfc]tkbc ,jkj obyflflt,f8
43
! _ 8 ,by'ehfl sfvfib
,by'ehfl sfvfibf vjsfvfibc vbth cfsfvfij fhtib

xfltybkb yt,bcvbthb mvtlt,f7 hjvtkbw hfu,bc fhccf
lf cekc tobyffqvltut,f8
,by'ehfl sfvfifl bsdkt,f upbc itrdhf7 egbhjl
sfvfib7 otct,bc ptlbptl lfhqdtdf7 cf[bafsjl
sfvfib lf eotcj,f8
!_8! upbc itrdhf

~f` ,b'ut,f lf [tkbc rdhf8 se jhb vtnjmt ,ehsbc-
rty ufh,bc7 vfs thsvfytsc fh eylf e,b'ujy lf fhw
[tkb /rhfy8 fv lhjc yt,flfhsekbf v[jkjl v[hbs
lf]f[t,f8
~,` ,ehsbfybc oby .jayf8 vjsfvfit ,ehsbfyb ueylt-
kbc oby ufyut, bct fh eylf lflutc fy ufbmwtc7 hjv
vtnjmt itcf,jzfl fh vbeidfc hjujhw vfcsfy7 bct bv
vjsfvfitt,sfy7 dbyw itb'kt,f ,ehsb vbbqjc8
~u` v,jzfdbc lf,kjrdf8 vjsfvfit ufyut, bct fh eylf
ufbmwtc fy lflutc7 hjv vtnjmt itcf,jzfl fh vbeidfc
,ehsbfysfy8
~l` ,ehsbc lf,kjrdf8 vjsfvfit ufyut, bct fh eylf
ufbmwtc fy lflutc7 hjv vtnjmt ,ehsbs fh fsfvfijc8
~t` ,ehsbfyb sfdbcbfyc lft]f[f8 vjsfvfit7 dbcfw
ithrbyt,blfy7 hfmblfy7 vjkblfy lf lthtayblfy vbqt-
,ekb ,ehsb vbfmdc7 sfdbc oby vlujv ueyltkc fh eylf
lft]f[jc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~t` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
44
!_8@ egbhjl sfvfib
~f` ufyut, lfhqdtdf8 vjsfvfitv ufyut, fh eylf
fhqdbjc sfvfibc yt,bcvbthb otcb lf fhw egbhjl bsf-
vfijc8
vjsfvfitc7 dbyw otcb ufyut, lffhqdbf7 itybidyf eylf
vbtwtc9 fy bub eylf uffahs[bkjy7 hjv se bvfdt fy c[df
otcc ufyut, rbltd lffhqdtdc7 vjtlyblfy uff'tdt,ty9 fyfw
evfk uff'tdjy vjtlyblfy8
ufahs[bkt,bc itvltu vjsfvfit vfbyw eylf uff'tdjy
vjtlyblfy7 jqjylfw cfsfvfij lhjbc !_ oesbs8 se
ufahs[bkt,ekvf vjsfvfitv bubdt fy vcufdcb lfhqdtdf
rbltd xfblbyf7 bub ekfgfhfrjl eylf uff'tdjy8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8 eylf lfbybiyjc cf-
]fhbvj ktkj7 se fv lfhqdtdbc ufhtit vtnjmt kt-
kjc etzdtkfl ufbnfylf8
se vjsfvfitv ,by'ehfl bsfvfif lf fvbs vtnjmtc kt-
kj fh uffnfybyf7 vcf]vf lfvhqdtdb cfsfvfij lhjbc !_
oesbs lf fy sfvfibc ,jkjvlt eylf uff'tdjc8
~,` lhjbc uf.dfyf8 vjsfvfitv lhj ufyut, fh eylf
otkjc8
cfc]tkb5 sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf8
~u` ,ehsbc fenib vjchjkf8 vjsfvfitv ,ehsb [t-
kbs ufyut, fh eylf lffuljc7 uflfljc7 uffujhjc fy
n.jhwyjc fenib7 ktkjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fpc bmbs8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf rblblfy ! % vtnhpt7 se
lfhqdtdbc flubkb fenbcf lf !%-vtnhf [fpt,c ijhbcff9
lfhqdtdbc flubkpt7 se bub vjtlfyib eahj qhvflff9
45
lf vjtlfyib7 rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhpt7 [jkj rblblfy
vbybvev !% vtnhpt7 se lfhqdtdbc flubkb ktkjibf8
eylf lfbybiyjc cf]fhbvj ktkj7 se fv lfhqdtdbc uf-
htit vtnjmt ktkjc etzdtkfl ufbnfylf8
!_8# otcbc ptlbptl lfhqdtdf
~f` vjsfvfitv yt,bcvbthb otcb ptlbptl ~ufyvtjht,bs` fh
eylf fhqdbjc8 fvbc lflutybcfc fhct,bsb bcff7 hjv vj-
sfvfit otcc vfhskfw fhqdtdc7 sjhtv bvfc7 hjv bub lf-
hqdtdfc fgbht,lf7 vybidytkj,f fhf fmdc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8 ptlbptl lfvhqdtdb
vjsfvfit eylf uffahs[bkjy lf cfsfvfij lhjbc !_ oe-
sbs uff'tdjy8
fv vjsfvfitv bubdt otcb vtht se rbltd lffhqdbf7 fy bct
lffifdf7 hjv fvbcsdbcfw !_ oesbs uf'tdt,ff lflutyb-
kb7 vcf]vf lfvhqdtdb vfnxbc ,jkjvlt eylf uff'tdjc8
~,` ueylehb ufyvtjht,bsb lfhqdtdt,b8 se uey-
lbc c[dflfc[df vjsfvfitv ptlbptl xfblbyf thsyfbhb
lfhqdtdf7 vcf]vf sfdfl eylf uflfo.dbnjc7 ueylc tc
ufyvtjht,bs lfhqdtdfl xfesdfkjc se fhf8
se vcf]b xfesdkbc7 vfiby vfy ueylc cfthsj itybidyf
eylf vbcwtc8 se itvltu fv ueylbc vjsfvfitv bubdt otcb
rbltd lffhqdbf7 vcf]vf lfvhqdtdb eylf uffahs[bkjc
lf vjtlyblfy cfsfvfij lhjbc !_ oesbs uff'tdjc8
se fv ueylbc hjvtkbvt vjsfvfitv itvltu rbltd lffh-
qdbf bubdt otcb7 vcf]vf bub vfnxbc ,jkjvlt eylf uf-
f'tdjc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
46
~u` thsbfyb cnfylfhnb8 cfyfrht,j lf rfwsf vfn-
xt,ib vcf]b thsbfy cnfylfhnc eylf vb.dtc bvbc lflut-
ybcfc7 se ufyvtjht,bsfl vthfvltyt lfhqdtdf xfsdfkjc8
se vjsfvfitv otcb cfv]th lffhqdbf7 vcf]vf bub eylf
uffahs[bkjc ~lf !_ oesbs uff'tdjc`8 thsb rbf7 zf-
,ersf lf cfkfqj,j vfnxt,ib eghbfybf itqfdfsbc lfidt-
,f7 hflufy otct,bc welfl wjlyf lf ,ehsfj,fib ufe-
ofafj,f vtn lfhqdtdfc ufyfgbhj,t,c8
!_8$ cf[bafsjl sfvfib lf eotcj,f
~f` xfhn.vf8 vjsfvfitv vtnjmtc fh eylf xffhn.fc vei-
nb7 [tkb7 blf.db7 ,tzb7 sfdb fy ve[k~t,`b8
~,` lfob[kdf8 vjsfvfitv vtnjmtc at[b fh eylf lf-
f,b]jc8
~u` at[bc lfhn.vf8 vjsfvfitv vtnjmtc at[b fh eylf
lffhn.fc8
~l` cfhvf8 vjsfvfitv vtnjmt at[bc lflt,bs fh eylf vjwt-
kjc8
~t` cf[bafsjl ,jzdf8 vjsfvfitv vtnjmt fh eylf it-
,jzjc flht7 udbfy fy cf[bafsjl8
,jzdbc lhjc vjsfvfit vtnjmtc v[ht,c ptvjs fh eylf
odltc7 ubylfw ]th lf,kf itf[jc [tkb8 rbchbsf lf
sfdbs lfzthf cf[bafsj sfvfibf8
cf[bafsjf ufikbkb vrkfdbs ,jzdfw8 fv lhjc vjsf-
vfit vtnjmtc ufikbk vrkfdc ehn.fvc8
e,ehsj vtnjmbc lfzthfw cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
vjsfvfitv fh eylf it,jzjc vtnjmt7 dbyw vbofc nthat-
,bs fqfh t[t,f8
47
~d` e,ehsj vtnjmbc lfzthf8 ithrbyt,bc7 hfmbcf lf
vjkbc ufhlf7 e,ehsj vjsfvfitv fh eylf lfbzbhjc
e,ehsj vtnjmt lf vfc fhw e,b'ujc7 lft]f[jc fy upf
iterhfc8
~p` cf[bafsjl sfdlfc[vf8 vjsfvfit [tkbc vjerb-
lt,kfl fh eylf lft]f[jc ,ehsbfy vtnjmtc lf bub
fhw fvudfhfl offmwbjc8
~s` vjsfvfit fh eylf itbzhfc hfmcf lf vjkib bct7 se
c[df vjsfvfitc fh ittrhf ~[tkb fh vj[dbf fy xffdkj`
~b` fv[nfhbc ?fthib lfzthf8 vjsfvfit at[ib fh
eylf odltc lthtafycf lf cfpjuflj sfvfiib ,ehsbc
lfcfeakt,kfl fv[nfh vtnjmtc8
~r` ie,ehb ,jzdf8 vjsfvfibc f.dfyf ~fotdf` lf vbofpt
sfdbs fy nfybc ptvj yf[tdhbs vfiby lfult,f7 hjwf vbofc
nthat,bs fh t[t,f7 cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
~k` cf[bafsjl sfvfib ithrbyt,fib7 hfmcf lf
vjkib8 ithrbyt,fib gbhdtkb [fpb vtnjmbcrty fh
eylf uftmfyjc8
gbhdtk-[fptkvf vtnjmt ufyut, fh eylf fobjc lf fhw
fvjltdyjc8
vjsfvfitv ithrbyt,f7 hfmb lf vjkb ufyut, fh eylf xf-
fmwbjc8
~v` cfvfubthjc uflf[lf8 vjsfvfitv vtnjmtc cfvfub-
thj fh eylf uflfe[fljc8 vtnjmt ubylfw otcc fh-
qdtdltc7 vjsfvfitv bctsb fhfathb eylf xfblbyjc7 hfw
fv vtnjmbcsdbc cf[bafsj bmyt,f8
48
~y` eqbhcfl sfvfib8 vjsfvfitv cfsfvfij ufhtvjib
bctsb fhfathb eylf xfblbyjc7 hfw fkfkb vtnjmtj,bc
ghbywbgc tobyffqvltut,f8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~y` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
~j` eotcj,f ,ehsbc emvj,bcfc8 vjsfvfit eotcjl
fh eylf vjbmwtc fhw vfiby7 hjwf sfvfib itxtht,ekbf8
vfy upf fh eylf iterhfc vtnjmtc lf bub fhw itfath[jc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8 fm cfc]tkb bubdtf7
hfw ! _ 8$ ~f` - ~y` ve[kt,ib7 jqjyl cf]fhbvj bm bybi-
yt,f7 cflfw sfvfib eylf ufyf[kltc8
se tc flubkb fenbc [fppt fy vbcufy !% vtnhbc afh-
ufkibf7 lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt7 fv flubkbc ufcodhbd
bybiyt,f8
se sfvfib @@-lfy lfhn.vbs eylf ufyf[kltc7 vfhsfk
ueylc cf]fhbvjc lfhn.vf @@-vtnhf [fpbc yt,bcvbthb
othnbkblfy ite'kbf8
se cf]fhbvj lfhn.vbc lfybidybc itvltu7 vfuhfv vbc
itchekt,fvlt7 lfvhqdtdb ueylb eotcjl vjbmwf7 vcf]b
lfvyfifdtc uffahs[bkt,c fy uff'tdt,c lf cf]fhbvjc
! _ vtnhbs oby ofotdc8 fvbs ths-,fifl ufcojh-
lt,f gbhdtkb lfhqdtdfwf lf eotcj,fw8
se cf]fhbvj lfhn.vbc lfybidybc itvltu7 vfuhfv vbc
itchekt,fvlt7 eotcjl vfhsfkb ueylbc vjsfvfit vj-
bmwf7 vcf]b vfc uffahs[bkt,c fy vjtlyblfy uff'tdt,c7
lfybiyek lfhn.vfc rb uffemvt,c lf cfyfwdkjl vt-
njmtc bmdt e,j't,c cf]fhbvjc8
se lfhqdtdf cfsfvfij fhbc ufhts vfiby xfblbytc7 hjwf
vjtlfypt ,ehsc sfvfij,lyty7 lf vfc fv otcbc dthw-
49
thsb ve[kb dth tcflfut,f7 cf]fhbvj eylf lfbybiyjc
!%-vtnhf [fppt7 lfhqdtdbc flubkbc ufcodhbd8
rfhbc [fpb
udbfy sfdlfc[vf
@@-vtnhf [fpb
]fhbvf
fm fy bm
]fhbvf
bm fy fm
]fhbvf
bm fy fm
~g` lfvhn.vtkpt udbfy sfdlfc[vf8 vjsfvfit sfdc

ufyut, fh eylf lftc[fc lf vfy fhw upf iterhfc vt-
njmtc7 dbyw ,ehsc tc-tcff at[b lffhn.f8
vfhsfk ueylc fv lfhn.vbc flubkfl ite'kbf fbhxbjc
sfdfl lfhqdtdbc7 ,ehsbc vbofpt lfwtvbc fy lfwtvfvlt
vbcbs itvltub sfvfibc flubkt,b8
50
lfhqdtdbc flubkb8 se lfhqdtdf lfvhn.vtkbc
ktkjib vj[lf7 cf]fhbvj bybiyt,f rfhbc [fpblfy
% vtnhpt7 lfhqdtdbc flubkbc gbhlfgbh7 jqjylfw rblb-
lfy vbybvev !% vtnhpt8
vfhsfk ueylc cf]fhbvjc flubkfl ite'kbf fbhxbjc

,ehsbc vbofpt lfwtvbc fy lfwtvfvlt vbcbs sfvfibc
~it[t,bc` flubkt,b7 jqjylfw rblblfy vbybvev !% vtnhpt8
,ehsbc vbofpt lfwtvbc flubkb8 se ,ehsb

fenib lftwf7 cf]fhbvj bybiyt,f !%-vtnhf [fppt7 ,eh-
sbc fenib ufcdkbc flubkbc ufcodhbd8
se ,ehsb lftwf7 fy lfwtvfvlt vbcbs bsfvfitc rblblfy
!% vtnhbc afhufkib7 cf]fhbvj !%-vtnhf [fppt7 lfwt-
vbc ~fy it[t,bc` flubkbc ufcodhbd bybiyt,f8
se ,ehsb ktkjib7 ktkjc rbltpt7 erfyf [fppt fy vbc
uflfqvf lftwf7 cf]fhbvj bybiyt,f rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnh-
pt7 bv flubkbc gbhlfgbh7 cflfw ,ehsvf rfhbc [fpb uf-
lfrdtsf7 jqjylfw rblblfy vbybvev !% vtnhpt8
se ,ehsb rfhbc 'tkc fy [fhb[fc vj[dlf7 cf]fhbvj bybi-
yt,f bm7 cflfw ,ehsb vbofc lftwf8
~;` cjkehb lf v[tlhekb8 ueylvf fh eylf uffrt-

sjc fhw cjkehb lf fhw v[tlhekb8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf gbhdfyltkb lfhqdtdbc
flubkpt8
cjkehb8 fctsb bthbib butuvt,f vfiby7 hjwf itvntdc

vtnjmbc ktkjcsfy cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb e,j'tc8
51
lfvhn.vtkb ,ehsc at[c vbrhfdc lf oby sfdfl ofdf7 fy
,ehsc sfdbcbfyc uflfeult,c lf ktkjcrty tc lfb'-
dht,f8 ueyltkt,b ,ehsbfyc evfk jhbdt v[hblfy vj-
[dtdty [tkc lf cjkfl bct lfto.j,bfy7 hjv pjub vfs-
ufyb ,ehsbfybc obyfw bmyt,f8
v[tlhekb8 fctsb bthbibw vfiby butuvt,f7 hjwf itv-

ntdc vtnjmbc ktkjcsfy cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb
e,j'tc8
itvntdb vjsfvfitt,b lfvhn.vtkbc erfy7 thsb vtjhbc-
ufy jhbjlt vtnhbc iefktlbs7 vjtlybc cbufytpt uf-
vorhbdlt,bfy8 lfvhn.vtkbc ybifypt bcbyb oby lfb'ht-
,bfy lf v[jkjl vfiby7 hjwf vfc lfef[kjdlt,bfy7
lfvhn.vtkb ,ehsc at[c vbrhfdc lf ths-thsc vbfoj-
lt,c8
,ehsbc lfhn.vfvlt lfvwdtkb ueylb cf]fhbvjc flub-
kblfy !_ vtnhbc vjijht,bs7 fy cfresfhb rfhbc [fpbc
erfy eylf blutc ~se ktkjvlt !_ vtnhpt yfrkt,bf`8
!_8% cfc]tkt,b
~f` se vjsfvfitv fv otcbc ve[kb lffhqdbf7 itybidyf eylf
vbtwtc9 fy bub eylf uffahs[bkjy lf vjtlyblfy lhjt,bs7
cfsfvfij lhjbc !_ oesbs uff'tdjy9 lf fyfw vfnxbc
,jkjvlt uff'tdjy8
~,` se ths[tk ufahs[bkt,ekvf lf lhjt,bs uf'tdt,ekvf
vjsfvfitv bvfdt vfnxib rbltd xfblbyf lfhqdtdf7 hjv-
kbcsdbcfw cfc]tkfl ufahs[bkt,ff lflutybkb7 tc
vjsfvfit vfnxbc ,jkjvlt eylf uff'tdjy8
52
!_8^ .dbstkb lf obstkb ,fhfst,b
~f` se vcf]b vjsfvfitc yfrht,sf vfnxib fahs[bkt,c
lf vjtlyblfy lhjt,bs7 cfsfvfij lhjbc !_ oesbs
f'tdt,c7 vfc .dbstkb ,fhfsb eylf exdtyjc8
idblrfwf
vjtlyblfy lhjt,bs uf'tdt,f @-oesbfybf8
~,` se vcf]b vjsfvfitc yfrht,sf vfnxib ,jkjvlt

f'tdt,c7 vfc obstkb ,fhfsb eylf exdtyjc8
~u` c[df vfnxt,ib ,fhfst,bc ufvj.tyt,bc vbpfy-itojybkt,fc
jhufybpfnjhb o.dtnc8
!_8* uf'tdt,ekb vjsfvfit
vjtlyblfy vfnxbc ,jkjvlt uf'tdt,ekb vjsfvfit sfvfi-
ib vtnfl fqfh vjyfobktj,c8
53
! ! 8 sfvfi-ufhts lf sfvfiib
sfvfi-ufhts .jayf ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfit lhj-

t,bs bcts flubkptf7 hjv se bsfvfit,c7 lf]fhbvlt,f8
pjufl sfvfiib vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtf7 se bub obyff
,ehsbfy fy bv ueyltkpt7 dbyw ,ehsbs ,jkjv bsfvfif8
fv dbsfht,fib vjsfvfit sfvfiib itb'kt,f vj,heyltc
ueyltkbc fy vtnjmbc vjmvtlt,bs8
thsb rbf7 sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitc sfvfiib dth vjf,heyt-
,ty7 se bub sfvfiib xfthtdf9 oby7 ,ehsbcrty ofdf9 fy !_
vtnhbs fh uftwkt,f bv flubkc7 cflfw ,ehsb vbofpt twtvf8
!!8! cfpjuflj sfvfi-ufht

~f` sfvfi-ufhts v.jab vjsfvfit vfhnj vfiby tmdtvlt,fht-
,f lf]fhbvt,fc7 se xflbc cfvblfy thsc5
55 sfvfiib thtdf9
55 oby7 ,ehsbcrty vbbotdc9
55 fhqdtdc !_ vtnhbc otcc ~b[bkt ! ! 8 $ otcb`
sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit fdnjvfnehfl fh ]fhbvlt,f8
vjsfvfit7 dbyw eyt,kbtl oby uflfojlt,ekb ,ehsb lf-
bzbhf7 sfvfi-ufhts fhff8
vjsfvfit ktkjibw itb'kt,f b.jc sfvfi-ufhts8
~,` sfvfi-ufhtlfy sfvfiib xfhtdf8 sfvfi-ufht
vjsfvfit sfvfiib fh eylf xfthbjc8 tc ybiyfdc7 hjv
vfy sfdfl fh eylf bsfvfijc ,ehsbs lf fhw vtnjmt
itfath[jc8
54
~u` sfvfi-ufhtlfy oby cdkf8 se ueyltkvf ,ehsb
oby lffhn.f7 sfvfi-ufhts v.jab vjsfvfit vfyfv fh eylf
ofdbltc ,ehsbc vjvkjlbyt vtnjmbcf lf vbofpt ,ehsbc
lfwtvbc flubkbcrty7 cfyfv vfc sfvfiib fh vjf,heyt,ty8
!!8@ sfvfiib vj,heyt,f ueyltkbc vjmvtlt,bs
pjufl sfvfiib fhct,j,c cfvb upf7 hjv sfvfi-ufhts v.jab
sfvfiib sfdbcb fy ueyltksf vjmvtlt,bs vj,heyltc8
su
su
su
sfvfiib
lfvhn.vtkb v.jab
sfdfl lfb[bf ,ehsbfyvf lfvhn.vtkvf fy c[df

,ehsbfybc erfy uflfecohj sfvfiib-v.javf uflfecohj
~f` cfresfhb vjmvtlt,f8 se sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitv

sfdfl lfb[bf bv ueyltkpt erfy7 dbyw ,ehsc at[b ,j-
kjv lffhn.f7 vfc ,jkj itt[j fy ,ehsb ,jkjc vb-
/mjylf7 sfvfiib vj,heyt,ekfl bsdkt,f8
~,` ,ehsbfybc vjmvtlt,f8 se ,ehsbfyvf ueyltkvf
sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitc uflfecohj7 tc sfvfiib vj,he-
yt,ekfl bsdkt,f8
~u` lfvhn.vtkbc fy c[df sfvfiib-v.jabc vjmvt-
lt,f8 se sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitc uflfecohj ,ehsbc
55
lfvhn.vtkvf fy bv ueyltkvf7 dbyw ,ehsbc lfhn.vbc
lhjc fy vbc itvltu lfvhn.vtkbc udthlbs fy vfcpt erfy
b.j7 sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit sfvfiib vj,heyt,ekfl bsdkt,f8
ueyltkt,c sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitvlt fh,tyf fenbcf lf
ktkjc rblbc ufdkbsfw ite'kbfs7 vfuhfv sfvfiib vbc
vjcf,heyt,kfl sfdfl cfsfvfij fhtib eylf lf,heylyty8
!!8# sfvfiib vj,heyt,f vtnjmbc vjmvtlt,bs

pjufl sfvfiib fhct,j,c cfvb upf7 hjv sfvfi-ufhts
v.jab sfvfiib vtnjmbc vjmvtlt,bs vj,heyltc7 vfuhfv
tctyb fh dhwtklt,f bv vjsfvfitpt7 dbyw sfvfi-ufhts
! _ vtnhbc otcbc sfyf[vflff8
%v
,ehsbfyvf vtnjmtv ,ehsc vtnjmt ,ehsc

vtnjmtv % vtnhb at[b lffhn.f ufyut, itt[j
ufbh,byf fy egfcf
56
~f` ,ehsbs % vtnhbc ufh,tyf8 se ,ehsbfyvf vt-
njmtv % vtnhb ufbh,byf7 sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit sfvfiibf8
~,` lfhn.vf fy gfcb8 se vtnjmtv ,ehsc at[c lffhn-
.f fy egfcf7 sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit sfvfiibf8
~u` ,ehsbc ufyut, it[t,f8 se vtnjmt ,ehsc ufyut,
itt[j lf fh ~dth` lfbzbhf7 sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit sf-
vfiibf8
!!8$ sfvfiufht !_ vtnhbc otcbc sfyf[vfl
~f` se ueyltkvf ,ehsb at[bs oby lffhn.f7 sfvfi-ufht
vjsfvfitc sfvfiib xfhtdf lf,hfklt,f7 se bv ofhvjcf-
[dbsb [fpbc oby lfhxt,f7 hjvtkbw vjtlybc vstk cbufyt-
pt uflbc lf !_ vtnhbsff lfijht,ekb ,ehsbc vjvkjlbyt
vtnjmtc7 fy vbofpt ,ehsbc ~cfdfhfelj` lfwtvbc flubkc8
sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitv evfk eylf lfb[bjc fv ofhvjcf[-
dbsb [fpbc fy lfvhn.vtkbc ~se tc !_ vtnhpt eahj
f[kjf` erfy lf sfy fhw vtnjmtt,b itfath[jc8
~,` sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit fv erfy-lf[tdbc lhjc sfvfiib vt-
njmt ueylbc dthfyfbhb vjmvtlt,bs dth vj,heylt,f8
thsb rbf7 dblht chekb !_ vtnhbs uftwkt,f [ctyt,ek
[fpc7 sfvfi-ufhts v.jab sfvfiib itb'kt,f vjf,heyjc
sfvfiibdt v.javf ueyltkvf7 serb vfc uflfecoht,c8
~u` se fv otcbc sfyf[vfl sfvfi-ufhts v.jab vfbyw vbtzhf
vtnjmtc7 dbyw ,ehsc lfcfzthfl tkjlf7 vcf]vf evfk
eylf lfecndbyjc lf vbv[dlehb lff]fhbvjc7 hflufy lf-
.jdyt,f ,ehsbc lfvzthbcsdbc cf[bafsjf8
57
~l` se fv otcbc sfyf[vfl sfvfi-ufhts v.javf ,ehsbs vfc
itvltu bsfvfif7 hfw bub vtnjmtv dth lfbzbhf7 lf]f-
hbvlt,f8
~t` fv otcib fhfathb bwdkt,f7 se ,ehsb ]th rfhbc 'tk~t,`c

fy [fhb[fc vj[dlf8 vsfdfhbf7 ,ehsb vbofc cfl lftwf8
sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit ofhvjcf[dbs [fppt oby fh eylf
b.jc vjtlybc vstk cbufytpt8
~d` !_ vtnhbc otcb fh dhwtklt,f bv itvs[dtdfpt7 hjwf
vjsfvfitv ,ehsc at[b lffhn.f7 vtnjmtv fv lfhn.vfc
lffafhf lf vtht lfvhn.vtkbc bv ueyltkvf7 dbyw ofh-
vjcf[dbs !_-vtnhf [fppt oby b.j7 ,ehsbs bsfvfif8
cfmvt bcff7 hjv fm vtnjmt ,ehsc lfcfzthfl fh tkjlf
lf lfvhn.vtkbc ueyltkbw7 ! ! 8 # ~u` otcbc sfyf[vfl7 sf-
vfiib b.j7 fye !_ vtnhbc otcb lfafht,fc fh vjbwfdc8
cfc]tkb5 se vjsfvfit pjufl sfvfiib sfvfi-
ufhtcsdbc lf]fhbvlf7 vtnjmt ueylb bhxtdc cf]fhbvj
lfhn.vfc lfhqdtdbc flubkpt7 fy ithrbyt,fc bm7 cflfw
lfvhqdtdvf ueylvf ,ehsbs ,jkj]th bsfvfif8 se tc
flubkb lfvhqdtdbc ktkjibf7 ithrbyt,f rfhbc [fpb-
lfy % vtnhpt7 fv flubkbc gbhlfgbh vjto.j,f8
~p` se ths-,fifl hfvltybvt sfvfi-ufhts v.jab vbbotdc oby
vfc itvltu7 hfw vfsvf ueyltkvf ,ehsc at[b lffhn.f7
lfhqdtdbc flubkfl bsdkt,f bv lfvhqdtdbc gjpbwbf7
dbyw ,ehsbc vjvkjlbyt vtnjmtcsfy fy vbofpt ,ehsbc
lfwtvbc flubksfy .dtkfpt f[kjf8
58
!!8% sfvfiib vj,heyt,f !_ vtnhbc otcbc sfyf[vfl
~f` sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfitv vjtlybc vstk cbufytpt ufvfdf-
kb7 ofhvjcf[dbsb !_-vtnhf [fpbc erfy eylf lfb[bjc7
sjhtv lf]fhbvt,fc lftmdtvlt,fht,f8
~,` erfy-lf[tdbc lhjc tc vjsfvfit ueyltkvf ~b[bkt !!8@ otcb`
sfvfiib itb'kt,f vjf,heyjc vfibyfw7 se vfc !_ vtnhb
]th fh ufedkbf8 thsb rbf7 sfvfi-ufhts fvudfhfl v.jab
sfvfiib vtnjmbc dthfyfbhb vjmvtlt,bs dth vj[dlt,f8
!!8^ eyt,kbt sfvfiufht
~f` se sfvfi-ufhts v.jab dth fwlf ,ehsc fy ,ehsbfy
ueyltkc7 tc eyt,kbt sfvfi-ufhtl xftsdkt,f8 se vbc-
vf ueylvf fvbs [tbhb dth yf[f7 sfvfib uh'tklt,f7 se
fhf lf bybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc vtnjmt
itfult,c8
~,` se vjsfvfitv ,ehsb sfdbc oby v.ja ueyltkc ~[tkb-
lfy [tkib7 en.jhwytkfl` uflffojlf7 tc erfyfcrytkb
sfvfi-ufhtf8 thsb rbf7 se vbvqt,b sfvfi-ufhts ufyut,
fh .jabkf7 vfc eyt,kbt sfvfi-ufht tsdkt,f lf bybi-
yt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc vtnjmt itfult,c8
!!8* sfvfi-ufht ,ehsbc oby lfdfhlybc itvltu
se vjsfvfitc ,ehsb oby lfedfhlf7 sfvfi-ufhts v.ja-
vf ueyltkvf rb ,ehsbs itvltuvf bsfvfif lf fvbs vt-
njmtv vjcfkjlytkb [tbhb dth yf[f7 sfvfi-ufht vjsf-
vfit lfcf]fhbvt,tkbf8
59
!!8( bv vjsfvfibc sfvfiib vj,heyt,f7 dbyw hfmbc7
vjkbc7 ithrbyt,bcf lf lthtaybc lhjc erfy b[tdc
se sfvfi-ufhtsff hfmbc7 vjkbc7 ithrbyt,bcf lf lt-
htaybc itmvybcfc lf erfy otct,bc sfyf[vfl b[tdc7 vj-
sfvfit vfbyw sfvfi-ufhts hxt,f7 se vtnjmtv ,ehsb vjb-
gjdf lf hfmb7 vjkb7 ithrbyt,f lf lthtafyb lfcheklf8
tc vjsfvfit sfvfiib vj,heylt,f7 se bv sfvfi-ufhtc
[fpbc erfy lfb[tdc7 hjvtkbw vfc t[t,f8 fv [th[bc
ufhlf7 bub sfvfiib dth vj,heylt,f dthw cfresfhb lf
dthw ueyltksf dthfyfbhb vjmvtlt,bs8
se tc vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhts hxt,f7 vbcb sfvfiib vj,he-
yt,f ite'kbf v[jkjl vtnjmt ueylbc itvltu jh vjm-
vtlt,fc5
55 ,ehsbs % vtnhbc ufh,tyf8 se ,ehsbfyvf vtnj-
mtv % vtnhb ufbh,byf7 sfvfi-ufht vjsfvfit sfvfiibf8
thsb rbf7 tc vjsfvfit sfvfiib dth vj,heylt,f7 se vt-
njmtv ,ehsb c[dfc uflffojlf ~egfcf`8 ubylfw vtnjmt-
t,vf hfvltybvt gfcb uffrtsjy7 fvbs fhfathb bwdkt,f8
55 lfhn.vf8 se vtnjmtv ,ehsc at[b lffhn.f7 sfvfi-
ufht vjsfvfit sfvfiibf8
!!8) pjpbyb
vjsfvfit7 dbyw sfvfi-ufhts hxt,f lf fvbs vtnjmtc ,eh-
sbc sfvfic eikbc7 sfvfiib thtdf lf fvltyfl7 lfcf]f-
hbvt,tkbf8 vcf]vf eylf epheydtk.jc7 hjv pjpbyfv
dth bcfhut,kjc ! ! 8 # otcbs ~sfvfiib sfdb vtnjmtc vj-
f,heyt,byjc`
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf sfvfi-ufhtc [fppt8
60
!@8 ,ehsbc oby
lfdfhlyf fy uflfojlt,f
,ehsb oby lfdfhlybkfl bsdkt,f7 se

55 vjsfvfitv bub lfrfhuf lf ,ehsb oby ofdblf9
55 vjsfvfitv ,ehsb vntdybs fy vrkfdbs oby uflffulj9
55 vjsfvfitc ,ehsb vntdfypt fy vrkfdpt vj[dlf lf
vbofc fy c[df vjsfvfitc vfyfv itt[j7 cfyfv gbhdtkfl
[ctyt,ekb vjsfvfit vfc lfbzthlf8
oby ybiyfdc vtnjmt ueylbc ktkjc erfyf [fpbcrty8
ufvjyfrkbcb5 lfafht,f8 se vjsfvfitv vtnjmtc
lfhn.vbc lhjc fy vbc-sfyfdt lfeafhf7 tc vjmvtlt,f
,ehsbc oby lfdfhlyfl vfibyfw fh bsdkt,f7 hjwf ,ehsb
oby ofdf8
,ehsb oby uflfojlt,ekfl bsdkt,f7 se vjsf-
vfitv ,ehsb oby uflffulj ~n.jhwyf` fy egfcf8
ufvjyfrkbcb5 oby fc[knjvf8 se ,ehsb oby
fh uflfeulbfs7 vfuhfv vjsfvfitc fy vbofc vj[dlf lf
oby fc[knf7 sfvfib uh'tklt,f8
,ehsbc oby lfdfhlyf lfhn.vfpt lfafht,f
61
!@8! hf vj.dt,f lfhqdtdfc
~f` eyt,kbt oby lfdfhlyf fy uflfojlt,f8 lfhqdtdbc
flubkpt ithrbyt,f bybiyt,f8
~,` eyt,kbt oby lfdfhlyf fy uflfojlt,f lthtafyib8
ithrbyt,f fenblfy !% vtnhpt bybiyt,f8
~u` oby lfdfhlyf fy uflfojlt,f vjtlyblfy ktkjib8
se itvntdc vjtlfypt ,ehsb oby lfedfhlf fy uflf-
fojlf7 itvltu rb ,ehsb ktkjib itdblf lf bm emvb
uf[lf7 oby lfdfhlybc fy uflfojlt,bc flubkpt ithrb-
yt,f bybiyt,f8
~l` oby lfdfhlyf fy uflfojlt,f ktkjib8 se yt,bcvbthb
ueylbc vjsfvfitc ktkjib ,ehsb oby lfedfhlf fy bmdt
oby uflffojlf7 lfhqdtdbc flubkbc gbhlfgbh7 jqjylfw
fenblfy vbybvev % vtnhpt7 %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f bybiyt,f8
~t` ufyut, oby uflfult,f fy uflfojlt,f8 vjsfvfitv ,eh-
sb [tkbc vntdybs fy vrkfdbs ufyut, fh eylf uflf-
fuljc oby lf fhw oby uflffojljc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8 se lfhqdtdfv yfqlb
ktkj xfifkf7 cf]fhbvj ktkj eylf xfbsdfkjc8
62
! #8 wtynhblfy lfo.t,f lf
@@-lfy ufyf[kt,f
wtynhblfy lfhn.vbs bo.t,f vfnxbcf lf lfvf-

nt,bsb lhjbc jhb yf[tdfhb7 lf f[klt,f sfvfib ,ehsbc
ufnfybc itvltu8
!#8! cfblfy lf hjujh cheklt,f tc lfhn.vf

~f` wtynhblfy lfhn.vf cheklt,f fhtrybs7 ief [fpbc
wtynhblfy fy vfcpt eryblfy8
~,` se ,ehsb ecojhj [th[bs fy flubkblfy lffhn.tc7
vtnjmt ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
55 lfhn.vf uffvtjht,byjc fy
55 ief [fpbc wtynhib lffybiybyjc ithrbyt,f lf vfcib
,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc8
wtynhblfy lfhn.vf
ief [fpb !_ vtnhb
63
!#8@ dby fchekt,c fv lfhn.vfc
~f` vfnxc bo.t,c bc ueylb7 dbcvf rfgbnfyvfw obkbc-.hf
vjbuj lf lfo.t,f fv]j,byf7 fy vtnjmt7 se bq,kbfyvf
rfgbnfyvf vjtlybc v[fht fbhxbf8
~,` itcdtyt,bc itvltu sfvfic ufyff[kt,c bv ueylbc
vtnjmt7 dbyw wtynhblfy vfnxbc lfo.t,bcfc lffhn.f8
~u` ,ehsbc ufnfybc itvltu sfvfic wtynhblfy ufyf-
f[kt,c ,ehsbc ufvidt,b ueylb8
idblrfwf
,ehsbc ufnfybc itvltu sfvfic wtynhblfy fhtrybs uf-
yff[kt,c bubdt ueylb8
cfc]tkb5 sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf ief [fpbc wtynhib8
!#8# lfvhn.vtkbc ueylb

lfvhn.vtkbc vstkb ueylb lfhn.vfvlt ,ehspt erfy
eylf b.jc8 se fct fh bmyf7 wtynhib lfbybiyt,f ith-
rbyt,f lf vfcib ,ehsc vtnjmt itfult,c8
idblrfwf
!#8$ vtnjmt ueylb

vtnjmt ueylb !_-vtnhf [fppt fy vbc erfy eylf ufykfu-
ltc8 se fv ueylbc hjvtkbvt vjsfvfit !_-vtnhf [fpbc
oby lfluf fy bub lfhn.vfvlt uflfrdtsf7 wtynhblfy lf-
hn.vf [tk-f[kf eylf itchekltc8
64
!#8% ,ehsbc !_ vtnhpt lfhn.vf
se ,ehsvf vtnjmbc !_-vtnhf [fpc vbfqobf7 sfvfib
uh'tklt,f7 ubylfw mfhvf ,ehsb erfy ofbqjc8
!#8^ yfrkt,pt7 vfuhfv vtnjmtv bsfvfif
se ,ehsvf !_-vtnhf [fpc dth vbfqobf7 vfuhfv vtnjmtv
,ehsbs gbhdtkvf bsfvfif7 sfvfib uh'tklt,f8
!#8* yfrkt,pt7 vfuhfv vtnjmtv fh bsfvfif
se ,ehsvf !_-vtnhf [fpc dth vbfqobf7 vtnjmt ueylc
ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
55 ief [fpbc wtynhib lffybiybyjc ithrbyt,f lf vfcib
idblrfwf
! # 8 ( ,ehsb gbhlfgbh fenib ufdblf

,ehsb cfsfvfij vjtlfyib eylf lftwtc8 se bub gbhlf-
gbh fenib ~rbltpt` ufdblf7 vtnjmt ueylc ite'kbf fbh-
xbjc cfvblfy thsb5
55 lfhn.vf uffvtjht,byjc9
55 ief [fpbc wtynhib ithrbyt,f lffybiybyjc lf vfcib
,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc9 fy
55 cwyjc vjv[lfhb8 fv lhjc ,ehsb fenblfy eylf vj-
fojljy vjtlybc ief [fppt7 vfuhfv se ,ehsvf ~mfhbc
ufvj` ief [fpc dth vbfqobf lf fenib gbhlfgbh ufdb-
lf7 rbltpt uflfcdkbc flubkpt8
65
idblrfwf
!#8) ,ehsb vtnjmbc ktkjib itdblf

~f` se wtynhblfy lfhn.vekb ,ehsb vjsfvfitsf ite[t,-
kbd itdblf ktkjib7 vtnjmt ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc
cfvblfy thsb5
55 lffvbojc ,ehsb9
55 ,ehsb emvfl fmwbjc ~fye at[bs ufupfdyjc kt-
kjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fpc bmts` fy
55 sfvfib uffuh'tkjc8
~,` se vtnjmtv ,ehsb lffvbof fy emvfl fmwbf7 fy ,ehsb
sfdfl uf[lf emvb ktkjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fppt uflf-
cdkbs7 vtnjmtc ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
55 wtynhib lffybiybyjc ithrbyt,f lf vfcib ,ehsb sf-
dfl itfuljc9 fy
~u` se vtnjmtv ,ehsbc lfvbot,f fy emvfl mwtdf uflfo.dbnf7
tc evfk eylf uffrtsjc8 lfvwdtkbc v[hbd yt,bcvbthb
c[df vjmvtlt,f ybiyfdc7 hjv vfy sfvfib uffuh'tkf8
!#8!_ @@-lfy lfhn.vf

sfvfib fv lfhn.vbs f[klt,f7 se itvntdvf ,ehsb otcbc
lfehqdtdkfl itbnfyf fy itfulj vtnjmbc ktkjib lf
bm lfvwdtkvf emvfl fmwbf7 fy ,ehsb sfdfl uflfdblf kt-
kjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fppt8
66
lfvwdtkb ueylb @@-lfy fhtrybs ehn.fvc8 lfhn.vbc
itchekt,f itb'kt,f @@-vtnhf [fpblfy fy vbc erfy vlt-
,fht yt,bcvbthb flubkblfy8
!#8!! lfhn.vbc uf]fy]kt,f

@@-lfy lfhn.vf ufe]fy]kt,kbd eylf itchekltc8
cfc]tkb5 sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf @@-vtnhf [fppt8
!#8!@ ecojhj lfhn.vf ~@@-lfy`
se ,ehsb ecojhj [th[bs fy flubkblfy lffhn.tc7 vt-
njmt ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
55 @@-vtnhf [fpbc wtynhib lffybiybyjc ithrbyt,f lf
vfcib ,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc8
!#8!# ,ehsvf [fpb eylf uflfrdtsjc
~f` se ,ehsvf @@-vtnhf [fpb fh uflfrdtsf7 vtnjmt ueylc
it'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
@@-vtnhf [fpb
@@-lfy lfhn.vf
67
vfcib ,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc8
~,` se ,ehsvf [fpb uflfrdtsf7 vfuhfv mfhvf erfy ofbqj7
sfvfib uh'tklt,f8
~u` se ,ehsvf [fpb fh uflfrdtsf7 vjmvtlt,c [tbhbc otcb
lf vtnjmtc ktkjc ufnfyf ite'kbf8
!#8!$ ,ehsb gbhlfgbh fenib ufdblf
,ehsb vjtlfyib eylf lftwtc8 se bub gbhlfgbh fenib
~rbltpt` ufdblf7 vtnjmt ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc cfvb-
lfy thsb5
vfcib ,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc9 fy
55 cwyjc vjv[lfhb8 fv lhjc ,ehsb fenblfy @@-vtnhf
[fppt eylf vjfojljy8
!#8!% ,ehsb vtnjmbc ktkjib itdblf
~f` se @@-lfy lfhn.vekb ,ehsb vjsfvfitsf ite[t,kbd
itdblf vtnjmbc ktkjib7 fv ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc
cfvblfy thsb5
55 lffvbojc ,ehsb9
55 ,ehsb emvfl fmwbjc9 fy
55 sfvfib uffuh'tkjc8
~,` se vtnjmtv ,ehsb lffvbof fy emvfl fmwbf7 fy ,ehsb
sfdfl uf[lf emvb ktkjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fppt uflf-
cdkbs7 vtnjmtc ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
68
55 lfvhn.vtkbc @@-vtnhf [fpbc wtynhib lffybiybyjc
ithrbyt,f lf vfcib ,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc9 fy
~u` se vtnjmtv ,ehsbc lfvbot,f fy emvfl mwtdf uflfo.dbnf7
tc evfk eylf uffrtsjc8 lfvwdtkbc v[hbd yt,bcvbthb
c[df vjmvtlt,f ybiyfdc7 hjv vfy sfvfib uffuh'tkf8
!#8!^ lfvhn.vtkbc ueylb
~f` lfvhn.vtkbc vstkb ueylb lfhn.vfvlt ,ehspt erfy
eylf b.jc8 se fct fh bmyf7 @@-vtnhf [fpbc wtynhib
lfbybiyt,f ithrbyt,f lf vfcib ,ehsc vtnjmt itfult,c8
~,` lfhn.vbc cohfafl itchekt,bc itvltu lfvhn.vt-
kbc ueyltkt,b7 hjvkt,bw erfy b[tdty7 vfuhfv ]thfw
,ehsbc oby fhbfy7 fh eylf lfbcf]jy8
thsb rbf7 fvfs erfy-lf[tdf fh eylf ito.dbnjy lf sf-
vfiib fh xft,fy vfyfv7 cfyfv ueyltksf vjmvtlt,bs sf-
vfiib fh vj,heylt,bfy8
cfc]tkb5 ithrbyt,f @@-vtnhf [fpbc wtynhib8 ,ehsc
vtnjmt itfult,c8
!#8!* vtnjmt ueylb
~f` ,ehsbc lfhn.vfvlt vtnjmt @@-vtnhf [fpc fh eylf uf-
lfwltc8
cfc]tkb5 sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf otcbc lfhqdtdbc
flubkpt8
~,` se vtnjmbc vjsfvfit @@-vtnhf [fpbc uflfqvflff lf
lfhn.vfc fath[t,c7 vbcb cfmwbtkb eotcj,fl bsdkt,f8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf @@-vtnhf [fppt8
69
!$8 ,ehsb vbofptf7
jqjylfw ,jzdbc ufhtit
fct [lt,f vfiby7 hjwf ,ehsb vbofpt egfnhjyjl ulbf7

vjsfvfit rb vbc fcfqt,fl ofbmwf ~lfodf9 jqjylfw fhf
ithrbyt,bcf lf hfmbc itvltu`8
fct rbltd vfiby [lt,f7 hjwf ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit vbof-
ptf ofmwtekb7 vfuhfv vfc fhfdby ,jzfdc8
vjsfvfitt,vf ptptekfl ~lujvtkf` eylf b,ehsfjy8
vjsfvfit ufyut, fh eylf ofbmwtc lf fvbs ,ehsb bct
fh itfath[jc7 hjv ,ehsfj,f evfk dtqfh ufuh'tkltc8
vjsfvfit7 dbyw ,ehsc fath[t,c7 fy vbofpt ofmwtdbs
vtnjmtc ,ehsfj,fib [tkc eikbc7 hfu,bc fhccf lf cekc
tobyffqvltut,f lf fvltyfl7 eylf lfbcf]jc8
,ehsbfyfl ofmwtekb ite,jzfdb vjsfvfit lf ,ehsbc
fcfqt,fl lfojkbkb vjsfvfitw vfhlfl eylf ufbcfh]jy8
f[kjc ybiyfdc thsb vtnhbc afhufkib8
!$8! ofmwtekb vjsfvfit

~f` fv vjsfvfitv v.bc eylf vjbvjmvtljc cfvblfy thsb5
55 ,ehsbfyfl ofvjlutc9
55 ,ehsb uflffojljc ~egfcjc`9 fy
55 ,ehsc [tkb ufeidfc8
~,` gfcbcf lf [tkbc ufidt,bc itvltu vjsfvfit evfk eylf
ofvjlutc fy bmfehj,fc vjijhltc ~uftwfkjc`8 fm [tb-
hbc otcb vfibyqf ufvjb.tyt,f7 hjwf [tbhb v.bcbf8
70
~u` vjsfvfit fh eylf bodtc ,ehspt fy vbc f[kjc7 lf fvbs
vtnjmtc ,ehsbc lfeakt,fib [tkc eikbltc8
~l` ofmwtekvf vjsfvfitv vtnjmt fh eylf it,jzjc lf fhw
fvfc twfljc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~l` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
!$8@ lujvtkf vjsfvfit

~f` ofmwtek ,ehsbfypt lfojkf8 vjsfvfit ufy-
ut, fh eylf lffodtc fy uflffodtc ofmwtek ,ehsbfyc8
~,` ,ehsbc f[kjc ofmwtekt,pt lfojkf8 vj-
sfvfit ufyut, fh eylf lffodtc ,ehsbc f[kjc fy
bhudkbd ofmwtekt,c8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~,` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
71
! % 8 ,jzdf7
fye ,ehsbfybc ofmwtdf
,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit it,jzbkbf7 se bub thsvf fy

hfvltybvt vtnjmtv lfbzbhf lf vbofpt offmwbf8
ofmwtekb ,ehsbfyb7 dbyw ufrfdt,ekb ~lfzthbkb`
fhff7 it,jzbkfl fh bsdkt,f lf fhw ,jzdf vbbxytdf
itchekt,ekfl ~fye fv sfdbc otct,b fh vjmvtlt,c`
vtnjmbc vjsfvfitt,b7 hjvkt,vfw ,ehsbfyb lfbzbhtc7
offmwbtc lf sfdflfw ofbmwyty7 v,jzfdt,b fhbfy8
vtnjmbc vjsfvfitt,b7 hjvkt,vfw ,ehsbfyb lfbzbhtc7
vfuhfv sfdfl fh ofmwtekfy7 v,jzfdt,b fh fhbfy8
,jzdf
!%8! cfl0
,jzdf itb'kt,f vj[ltc v[jkjl vjtlfypt ~lf fhf
ktkjib`8
!%8@ hf lhjc fhff ,jzdf
se vtnjm~tt,`bc vbth lfzthbk ,ehsbfyc vbcbdt ueylt-
kb lftzblf7 tc vjkbf lf fhf ,jzdf8
72
!%8# ofmwtdfib rbltd hf buekbc[vt,f
~f` se ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit wfkb fy jhbdt ve[kbs vbofc
t[t,f7 ofmwtekb8
~,` se ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit vbofpt pbc fy fpbc ~fotdc` c[df
ofmwtekc7 sfdflfw ofmwtekbf8
!%8$ v,jzfdb vjsfvfit
~f` se vjsfvfitv ,ehsbfyb vtnjmt it,jzf lf jhbdtyb ofb-
mwyty7 v,jzfdvf it,jzbkc [tkb evfk eylf ufeidfc8
~,` v,jzfdb evfk eylf ofvjlutc fy evfkdt vjijhltc
~uftwfkjc` it,jzbkcf lf ,ehsc8
~u` dblht ,ehsbs bsfvfit,ltc7 v,jzfdb ]th eylf ofvj-
lutc8 v,jzfdc ,ehsbs sfvfib yt,bcvbthb v[hblfy
ite'kbf8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~u` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
!%8% it,jzbkb vjsfvfit
~f` it,jzbkb vjsfvfit ,ehspt fy vbc f[kjc bct fh eylf
bodtc7 hjv vtnjmtc ,ehsbc lfeakt,fib [tkb itei-
fkjc8 bub eylf twfljc7 sfvfibc ufcfuh'tkt,kfl ,eh-
sb evfk uf[fljc [tk-vbcfodljvb8
~,` it,jzbkvf ,ehsb evfk eylf uflffojljc ~egfcjc` fy
vfc [tkb ufeidfc8 bub evfk eylf ofvjlutc fy bmfe-
hj,fc vjijhltc ~uftwfkjc`8
~u` it,jzbkc ,ehsb [tk-ufyfidt,fl tsdkt,f7 se ,ehsb
vbofpt evfk lflj yt,bcvbth v[fhtc8
~l` it,jzbkc ,ehsb fctdt tsdkt,f [tk-ufyfidt,fl7 se
,ehsb vbofpt evfk uffujhf7 jqjylfw oby fhf8
73
!%8% ~,`
! % 8 % ~t`
it,jzbkvf vjsfvfitv sfvfibc ufcfuh'tkt,kfl
,ehsb evfk eylf uffsfdbceakjc
~t` se ptptekfl v.jab ~lujvtkf` vtnjmt ,ehsbc sf-

vfic wlbkj,c7 it,jzbkvf ,ehsc [tkb eylf ufeidfc8
~d` se it,jzbkvf ktkjib bythwbbs itfqobf7 ktkjc
ufnfyf fy lfwdf ite'kbf8
~p` se vjsfvfit rfhbc [fpsfy it,jztc7 ite'kbf ktkjc
evfk vbodltc lf bm ,ehsbc lfvbot,bs ktkjc ufnf-
yf fy lfwdf cwfljc8
74
!%8^ c[df vjsfvfitt,b ~v,jzfdbcf lf it,jzbkbc ufhlf`
~f` ,jzdbc itvltu .dtkf c[df vjsfvfitc ,ehsbc sfvfib v[j-
kjl ptptekfl ite'kbf8
ptptekfl ~lujvtkf` ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfit vbofc

v[jkjl nthat,bs t[t,f lf ofmwtekt,c fh t,]byt,f8
ufvjyfrkbcb5 ktkjib itcekb ,ehsb8 se

rfhbc [fpsfy ,jzdbc itvltu [tk-ufyfidt,b ,ehsb kt-
kjib itdblf7 bm vbcb lfvbot,f yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc
~sdbs ofmwtekcfw` ite'kbf8
~,` ,jzdbc itvltu yt,bcvbth lujvtkf vjsfvfitc ite'kbf
,ehsbfybcsdbc ,ehsbc ufvjhsvtdf ~ofhsvtdf`8
~u` vtnjmbc vjsfvfitt,vf7 hjvkt,vfw ,ehsbfyb lfbzbhtc
lf offmwbtc7 vfuhfv sfdfl fh ofmwtekfy7 ,ehscf lf
it,jzbkc [tkb evfk eylf ufeidfy8 fv vjsfvfitt,c
,ehsbs sfvfib ite'kbfs lujvtkf lf v[jkjl ,eh-
sbc7 it,jzbkbcf lf sfdbcb ktkjlfy .dtkfpt f[kjc
v.jab v,jzfdbc eryblfy ~zbirhblfy`
!%8% ~p`
it,jzbkb ktkjc vbodlf
75
~l` ,jzdbc flubkpt lf vbc f[kjc7 c[df vjsfvfitc ,ehsbc
sfvfib ite'kbf v[jkjl ,ehsbc7 it,jzbkbcf lf
sfdbcb ktkjlfy .dtkfpt f[kjc v.jab v,jzfdbc eryb-
lfy ~zbirhblfy`
~t` se vjsfvfitv ,jzdfpt ,ehsb fbqj7 vbcbs evfk eylf
bsfvfijc5 ,jzdbc flubkblfy ofbqjc7 uflffojljc ~egf-
cjc` fy at[b lffhn.fc8
~d` vjsfvfit7 dbyw ,jzdbc flubkpt gbhdtkvf fbqj ,ehsb7
bmdt fy f[kjc vbofpt fh eylf lfodtc ~ofbmwtc`8 ufvj-
yfrkbcbf7 se bub vtnjmtv it,jzf8
~p` vjsfvfit7 dbyw ,jzdbc flubkpt fy vbc f[kjc gbhdtkvf
fbqj ,ehsb7 itb'kt,f it,jzjc vtnjmtv7 jqjylfw vfy
tc ,ehsbc7 it,jzbkbcf lf sfdbcb ktkjlfy .dtkfpt f[-
kjc v.jab v,jzfdbc eryblfy ~zbirhblfy` eylf uffrtsjc8
~s` ,jzdbc itvltu vbofpt ojkbkvf ~ofmwtekvf` vjsfvf-
itv vtnjmtc ,ehsbc fqt,fib [tkb fh eylf iteifkjc8
~b` ,jzdbc itvltu vbofpt ojkbkvf ~ofmwtekvf` vjsfvf-
itv vtnjmt fh eylf it,jzjc lf fhw fvfc twfljc8
~r` se it,jzbkb ktkjc odlt,f lf bm ,ehsbc lfvbot,fc
wlbkj,c7 vtnjmtc ite'kbf ,ehsb [tkbs offhsdfc7
vfuhfv ,ehspt at[bc lfhn.vf trh'fkt,f8
cfc]tkb5 ~u` - ~r` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
!%8* frh'fkekb vjmvtlt,t,b
~f` fhfdbcf fmdc eakt,f7 it,jzbkc ,ehsbc uflfojlt,f
~gfcb` fh lffyt,jc8
~,` fhfdbcf fmdc eakt,f7 it,jzbkc ,ehsbcsdbc [tkbc
ufidt,f7 ofvjlujvf fy ufwkf fh lffyt,jc8
76
! % 8 ^ ~f`
]fhbvff=
ofmwtekb sfvfij,c
]fhbvff=
ofmwtekb sfvfij,c
77
~u` fhfdbcf fmdc ,jzdbc itvltu ~,ehsbfyfl` ofmwtekt,pt
fy vfs f[kjc lfojkbc eakt,f8
~l` ~lujvtkf` vjsfvfit sfdc fh eylf lftc[fc ~lftzbljc`
vtnjmtc7 dbyw ,ehsbc f[kjc fhff8
~t` se it,jzbkvf ,ehsc [tkb evfk dth ufeidf7 bmfehj-
,fc dth uftwfkf fy fvbc ufrtst,f fh lffyt,tc7 vcf]vf
cf]fhbvj lfe.jdyt,kbd eylf lfybiyjc7 sjhtv cf[b-
afsj dbsfht,f itbmvyt,f8
!%8( zjzvfyb otcbc lfvhqdtdbc ufvj

se ,ehsb ,jzdbc flubkpt itath[lf7 vcf]vf rb dth
lfflubyf7 tc dbcb ,hfkb b.j7 lfe.jdyt,kbd ithrbyt,f
eylf lfybiyjc8
vfcib ,ehsc itfult,c bc ueylb7 hjvtkbw sfvfibc it-
xtht,bcfc oby vbbotdlf7 [jkj se oby dthfdby vblbjlf7
vfiby itvntdb8
! % 8 * ~u`
78
! ^8 hfmb
hfmbc lhjc vtnjmt ueylt,bc sbsj fy vtnb vjsfvfit

vbofpt lt,ekb ,ehsbc ufhitvj thsvfytsc ptptekfl
tzblt,f8 hfmbc itmvybs qbf sfvfib lfvsfdhlf8
hfmib v.jab vjsfvfit hfmfdc7 se bub at[bs wlb-
kj,c ,ehsbc vjgjdt,fc fy ityfhxeyt,fc7 lf fv lhjc
,by'ehfl fh sfvfij,c8
!^8! hfmbc itmvyf

~f` cfl0 hfmb itb'kt,f ufbvfhsjc v[jkjl vjtlfypt8
~,` hjujh0 vjsfvfitt,b at[pt lufyfy8 ueylblfy vtnjmtc
vbybvev thsb vjsfvfit tzblt,f7 ,ehsb rb vbofptf8 se
fct fhff7 cek thsbf hf vbptpbs7 hfmb fh itmvybkf8
hfmb
79
!^8@ hfmib xf,vf
~f` hfmbc itmvybc7 vfcib xf,vbcf lf vjyfobktj,bc lhjc
vjsfvfitc sfdb lf ,tzt,b cfresfh ufdfpt lf,kf fh
eylf ?mjyltc8
~,` vjsfvfitv hfmib xf,vbc lhjc vfcib erdt xf,vek uey-
ltkc fy vtnjmtc vbybvev wfkb vrkfdb vskbfyfl eylf
vj[dbjc8 [tkbc vj[dtdf ~lhjib` eylf ecoht,ltc fy
tvs[dtjltc hfmsfy c[tekbc c[df yfobksf it[t,fc8
~u` hfmib xf,vekpt [tkbc vntdybc lflt,f vrkfdbc vj[dt-
dfl fh bsdkt,f8
~l` hfmbc itmvybc7 vfcib xf,vbcf lf vjyfobktj,bc lhjc
vjsfvfit at[pt eylf blutc8
cfc]tkb5 ~,` - ~l` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
!^8# hfmdf
~f` vjsfvfit hfmib at[pt lujvfc eylf twfljc8
~,` vjsfvfit hfmib ufyut, fh eylf ofbmwtc fy xfbve[kjc8
fct vjmwtdf cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
~u` vjsfvfitv hfmb ufyut, fh eylf xffmwbjc8 tctw cf[baf-
sjl sfvfibf8
~l` vjsfvfit hfmc fh eylf itf[ntc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~l` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
~t` vjsfvfitc sfdb lf ,tzt,b cfresfh ufdfpt lf,kf fh
eylf ?mjyltc8
80
~d` vjsfvfitv ,ehsbc hfmdbc lhjc ofmwtek vtnjmtc at[b
fh eylf xffpbkjc8 vfy ofmwtekt,c ufyut, rb fh eylf
lff,b]jc7 fhfvtl vfspt uflfkf]t,fc twfljc8 hfmdf
yt,flfhsekbf v[jkjl ,ehsbc f[kjc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf cf[bafsjl sfvfibcsdbc8
!^8$ c[df lfhqdtdt,b

~f` vjsfvfitv ~ufvjcekb` ,ehsb hfmib fh eylf lff,heyjc8
~,` vjsfvfitv hfmib ,ehsc [tkb fh eylf f[kjc8 ufvj-
yfrkbcbf7 se lujvtkf vjsfvfitv fct ,jzdbc itvltu7
jqjylfw hfmbc itmvyfvlt bsfvfif8
~u` vjsfvfitv hfmib ,ehsb at[t,bs fh eylf fobjc8
~l` hfmib fy vbc f[kjc ofmwtekb vjsfvfit ,ehsbc uf-
wkfc eylf twfljc8 fv vjsfvfitv fh eylf itfath[jc
hfmib v.jab fy bmblfy ufvjvfdfkb ,ehsb8
~t` vjsfvfit hfmblfy ufvjvfdfk ,ehsc fh eylf lff[ntc8
cfc]tkb5 ~,` - ~t` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
~d` vjsfvfitv bctsb fhfathb eylf /myfc7 hfw vtnjmtc
fabmht,byt,c7 hjv ,ehsb hfmblfy ufvjcekbf vfiby7 hjwf
bub ]thfw bmff8
81
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb hfmib xf,vekb ,jkj vjsfvfibc ,jkj
at[pt uflbc7 hbc ufvjw ]dfh-lfcvekb ]fhbvfibf8
!^8% sfvfi-ufht
~f` sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb8 fctsb [fpb jhbf ~vtnjmt uey-
lt,bcsdbc sbsj` lf rfhbc [fpt,bc gfhfktkehfl uflbc
hfmib xf,vekb fv ueylbc ,jkj vjsfvfibc ,jkj at[pt8
se tc at[b ~nthab` rfhbc [fppt fy vbc erfyff7 lfvwdtkb
ueylbcsdbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb vbcbdt rfhbc [fpbf8
~,` vjsfvfit hfmib evfk eylf xft,fc7 fy lfe.jdyt,kbd
lfb[bjc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy8 se vjsfvfit hfmbc
udthlbs it.jdylf7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8
~u` dbyw hfmib t,vt,f8 se vjsfvfit hfmib t,vt,f7 sfdb-
cb ,jkj ueyltkbc ,jkj at[bc erfy fy vbc udthlbs
eylf xft,fc8 se vjsfvfit hfmib vtnjmbc v[hblfy fy
,jkj ueyltkbc oby xft,f7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8 se sfdfl
sfvfi-ufhts fhff7 vjsfvfitc vtnjmtcsfy lfzblt,fw
ite'kbf8
82
~l` dbyw hfmib fh t,vt,f8 se vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtc
[fpbc obyff lf hfmib fh t,vt,f7 fv [fpbc erfy evfk
eylf lfb[bjc8
se fv [fppt erfy v.javf vfc uflff,b]f7 vfuhfv hfmib
fh xft,f7 vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtsff8
cfc]tkb5 ~,` - ~l` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf lfvhqdtdb
ueylbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fppt8
!^8^ hfmbc itltubfyfl lfchekt,f

se ,ehsb hfmblfy ufvjdblf7 fy rfhbc [fppt fy vbc uf-
lfqvflff7 hfmb itltubfyfl lfcheklf8
!^8* hfmbc eitltujl lfchekt,f

~f` hfmb eitltujl lfcheklf7 se vfcib ,ehsbc sfvfib
ite'kt,tkb uf[lf lf ithrbyt,f lfbybiyf8 fv ithrb-
yt,fib ,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw hfmbc itath[t-
,bcfc oby vbbotdlf8
se oby dthwthsb ueylb dth vbbotdlf7 fy vcf]b dth
flutyc cfsfyflj ueylc7 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc bc ueylb
itfult,c7 dbyw oby vbbotdlf hfmbc lfo.t,fvlt8
se oby fv lhjcfw dthfdby vbbotdlf7 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc
itvntdb itfult,c8
~,` dblht ithrbyt,bc lfcfybiyfl lfecndtyltc7 vcf]vf
,ehsc ]th hfmblfy ufvjcdkf eylf fwfkjc7 ufycf-
resht,bs rb vfiby7 se ths-thsb ueylb oby vbbotdc8
se hfmb fqfh b'dht,f7 fy vcf]b uflfo.dtnc7 hjv ,ehsb
bmblfy lhjekfl dth ufvjdf7 ithrbyt,f eylf lfybi-
yjc8
83
! *8 vjkb
vjkbf7 se ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit thsvf fy vtnvf vtnj-

mtv lfbzbhf7 vfc rb thsb fy hfvltybvt ueyltkb vbtidt-
kf lf ittzblf8 fmtlfy ufvjvlbyfht7 vjkib itmvybcfc
fhf-yfrkt, cfvb vjsfvfitf5 ,ehsbfyb lf vbybvev sbsj
vbcbfyb lf vtnjmt8 .dtkf tctyb at[pt lufyfy7 thsvfytsc
it,vbfy fy tzblt,bfy7 lf ktkjcrty vbbotdty8 vjkbc
itmvybs qbf sfvfib lfvsfdhlf8
!*8! vjkbc itmvyf

cfl0 vjkb itb'kt,f ufbvfhsjc v[jkjl vjtlfypt8
!*8@ vjkib xf,vf
~f` vjkib xf,vbc lhjc vjsfvfitc sfdb lf ,tzt,b cfresfh
ufdfpt lf,kf fh eylf ?mjyltc8
vjkb
84
vjkb
fhff
~,` vjsfvfit vjkib eylf lfbzbhjy fy sfdfl xft,fc8 se

bub e,hfkjl vjkbc udthlbsff7 xf,vekfl fh bsdkt,f8
~u` vjkib xf,vekpt [tkbc vntdybc lflt,f vrkfdbc vj-
[dtdfl fh bsdkt,f8
~l` ptptekfl .jayf8 vjsfvfit vjkib at[pt luj-
vfc eylf twfljc8 ,ehsbfyb itb'kt,f ofbmwtc7 vfuhfv
se ,ehsb cfsfvfijl evfkff [tk-vbcfodljvb7 sfvfib
uh'tklt,f8
~t` vjsfvfitv vjkb ufyut, fh eylf xffmwbjc8 fct vjmwtdf
cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
~d` vjsfvfit vjkc fh eylf itf[ntc8
cfc]tkb5 ~,` - ~d` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
!*8# c[df lfhqdtdt,b
~f` vjsfvfit vjkblfy vtnjmbc ufvjshtdfc fh eylf twfljc8
~,` vjsfvfitv bctsb fhfathb eylf /myfc7 hfw vtnjmtc
fabmht,byt,c7 hjv ,ehsb vjkblfy ufvjcekbf vfiby7
hjwf bub ]thfw bmff8
85
!*8$ sfvfi-ufht
~f` sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb8 fctsb [fpb jhbf ~vtnjmt uey-
lt,bcsdbc sbsj` lf rfhbc [fpt,bc gfhfktkehfl uf-
lbc vjkib xf,vekb fv ueylbc ,jkj vjsfvfibc ,jkj
at[pt8 se tc at[b ~nthab` rfhbc [fppt fy vbc erfyff7
lfvwdtkb ueylbcsdbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb vbcbdt rfhbc
[fpbf8
~,` vjsfvfit vjkib evfk eylf xft,fc7 fy lfe.jdyt,kbd
lfb[bjc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy8 se vjsfvfit vjkbc
udthlbs it.jdylf7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8
~u` dbyw vjkib t,vt,f8 se vjsfvfit vjkib t,vt,f7
sfdbcb ,jkj ueyltkbc ,jkj at[bc erfy fy vbc udth-
lbs eylf xft,fc8 se vjsfvfit vjkib vtnjmbc v[hblfy
fy ,jkj ueyltkbc oby xft,f7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8
~l` dbyw vjkib fh t,vt,f8 se vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtc
[fpbc obyff lf vjkib fh t,vt,f7 fv [fpbc erfy evfk
eylf lfb[bjc8 dbyw fct fh idht,f7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8 se
fv [fppt erfy v.javf vfc uflff,b]f7 vfuhfv vjkib fh
xft,f7 vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtsff8
~t` dbyw vjkblfy ufdblf fy [tk-f[kf t,vt,f8
se vjkblfy ufdblf7 vjsfvfitv evfk eylf lfb[bjc
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy7 hfsf sfvfi-ufhts fh b.jc8
vtht se tc vjsfvfit vjkib ,jkj ueyltkbc oby xft,f7
sfvfi-ufhts bmyt,f8 thsbf rbf7 vfc vjkib xf,vf ,jkj
ueyltkbc udthlbsfw ite'kbf8
cfc]tkb5 ~,` - ~t` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf lfvhqdtdb
ueylbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fppt8
86
~d` se ,ehsbc vakj,tkb ueylbc vtnjmt vjkc ufyut,
ufvjtwfkf lf vfcib fhfdby lfnjdf7 vjkb vfbyw
uh'tklt,f8 fv lhjc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb ,ehsbc vakj,t-
kbcsdbc rdkfdfw vjkib xf,vekb ,jkj vjsfvfibc
,jkj at[pt uflbc7 vtnjmbcsdbc rb - vjkib xf,veksfufy
vjobyfdbc obyf at[pt8
~p` vjkbc vbvnjdt,tkb ueylbc vjsfvfit vjkib xfcf,vtkfl
,ehsbc vakj,tkb ueylbc vjobyfdtc eylf lftzbljc8
cfc]tkb5 ~d` - ~p` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
!*8% vjkbc itltubfyfl lfchekt,f
se sfdfl ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit vjkblfy uf-
dblf7 ,ehsb vbofpt lfblj7 fy rfhbc [fppt fy vbc uf-
lfqvf fqvjxylf7 vjkb itltubfyfl lfcheklf8
!*8^ vjkbc eitltujl lfchekt,f
~f` vjkb eitltujl lfcheklf7 se vfcib ,ehsb e'hfdbf
fy % ofvpt vtnbs ufe'hfdlf7 lf ithrbyt,f lfbybiyf8
~,` vjkb eitltujl lfcheklf7 se vfcib ,ehsbc sfvfib
ite'kt,tkb uf[lf fy vjkb xfbmwf ~jqjylfw ,by'ehfl
sfvfibc ufhtit` lf ithrbyt,f lfbybiyf8
~u` vjkbc itvlujv ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc itfult,c bc ueylb7
dbyw vjkbc lfo.t,bcfc vfc fh akj,lf8
se vcf]vf dth lfflubyf7 ,ehsb hjvtk ueylc ?mjylf7
ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw oby vb-
botdlf vjkbc ufe'hfdt,fvlt8
se fv lhjc oby dthwthsb ueylb dth vbbotdlf7 ithrb-
yt,fib ,ehsc itvntdb itfult,c8
87
~l` se vjkb fh b'dht,f fy oby-cdkf % ofvpt vtnbs it-
o.dbnf7 vfuhfv vfcib ,ehsb vj'hfj,c lf vcf]b fvfc
[tlfdc7 ,ehsc vjkblfy ufvjcdkf eylf fwfkjc7 [jkj
se ,ehsb lhjekfl dth ufvjdblf7 ithrbyt,f lfybiyjc8
~t` se vjkvf oby-cdkf ito.dbnf7 oby vbcb [tk-f[kf
lf'dhf % ofvbc ufyvfdkj,fib itb'kt,f8 vjkvf fvbc
itvltu oby-cdkf se vtjhtlfw ito.dbnf7 vfuhfv vfcib
,ehsb vj'hfj,c lf vcf]b fvfc [tlfdc7 ,ehsc vjkblfy
ufvjcdkf eylf fwfkjc7 [jkj se ,ehsb lhjekfl dth
ufvjdblf7 ithrbyt,f lfybiyjc8
~d` se vjkib ,ehsbc sfvfib ite'kt,tkb uf[lf7 vcf]vf
vjsfvfitt,b lbl[fyc fh eylf fzblfjc lf ithrbyt,f
lfybiyjc8
~p` se vjkib ,ehsbfyb ofbmwf7 xfbve[kf fy vbofpt lf-
]lf7 vcf]vf ithrbyt,f eylf lfybiyjc bv itvs[dtdbc
ufhlf7 hjwf ,ehsb cfsfvfijl v.bcff [tk-vbcfodljvb8
~s` ithrbyt,f ,ehsbc lfvzthbc ufrfdt,bc lhjc8 se
vjsfvfitv vtnjmbc vbth at[bs lfhn.vekb ,ehsb
gbhlfgbh lfbzbhf ~jqjyl fhf wtynhblfy lf @@-
lfy lfhn.vbc itvltu`7 bub vtnjmtv evfk uffrfdf7 itbm-
vyf vjkb7 hjvtkbw vtht ufe'hfdlf % ofvpt vtnbs fy
vfcib ,ehsbc sfvfib ite'kt,tkb uf[lf7 bybiyt,f ith-
rbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc lfvzthbc ueylb itfult,c8
fm gbhlfgbh ybiyfdc7 hjv lfvzthfvlt ,ehsb fh it[t-
,bf c[df vjsfvfitc lf vbofc8
se tc vjkb lfvzthbc ktkjib itdblf lf bm ,ehsb lf-
fvbotc7 fy vbcbs sfvfib ite'kt,tkb uf[lf7 bybiyt,f %-
vtnhf ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc itvntdb itfult,c8
88
! (8 ,ehsbc fkfkpt lfzthf
,ehsbc fkfkpt lfcfzthfl vjsfvfit sfdbc @@-vtnhf

[fppt fy vfcpt erfy eylf b.jc8 se vjsfvfitc wfkb at[b
fv [fppt fy erfy elufc7 bub @@-ib v.jafl bsdkt,f8
fv vjsfvfitv vtnjmbc vbth at[bs lfhn.vekb ,ehsb
gbhlfgbh lf ceasfl ~ubylfw yf[njvbs` eylf lfbzb-
hjc lf 3fkfkb=4 lfb'f[jc8
wtynhblfy lfhn.vbcfc fkfkpt lfzthf fh bsdkt,f8
fkfkpt lfvzthbc cfcfhut,kjl lfzthbc flubkpt
lfhn.vf bybiyt,f8
fkfkpt lfzthf itb'kt,f vfibyfw7 se lfzthfvlt ,eh-
sb upfl vj[dlf rfhbc 'tk~t,`c fy [fhb[fc8
lfvwdtkb ueylbc vjsfvfitc fkfkpt lfzthf sfdbc
ktkjibw ite'kbf8
!(8! lfzthbc itvltu

vcf]b evfk lfecndtyc lf ,ehsbc lfvzth vjsfvfitc
lfhn.vfc lfeybiyfdc8
!(8@ cfl0
lfhn.vf bybiyt,f lfzthbc flubkpt7 [jkj se ,ehsb
ktkjib lfbzbhtc - vjtlfyib7 rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhpt7
fv flubkbc gbhlfgbh8
!(8# itchekt,bc flubkb
lfhn.vf cheklt,f lfzthbc flubkblfy fy vfcpt er-
yblfy7 fv flubkpt ufvfdfk [fppt8
89
fkfkb=
!(8$ dby lffhn.fvc0

vjsfvfit7 dbyw ,ehsb fkfkpt lfbzbhf8
se vfy lfhn.vf ths oesib dth it'kj7 bmdt bybiyt,f
ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc vbcbdt ueylb itfult,c8 se
lfzthbc flubkb ktkjibf7 ithrbyt,f vjtlfypt7 rfhbc
[fpblfy % vtnhpt7 fv flubkbc gbhlfgbh7 jqjylfw rblb-
lfy vbybvev % vtnhpt vjto.j,f8
!(8% hjujh cheklt,f lfhn.vf0

fkfkpt lfzthbcsdbc lfybiyekb lfhn.vf sfdbceaf-
kb lfhn.vbc otct,bs ~b[bkt @!8 otcb` cheklt,f8
90
!(8^ cfvfubthj ithrbyt,f
~f` ,ehsbc lfvzthbc ueylc lfhn.vbc yfwdkfl ithrbyt,bc
vjs[jdyf ite'kbf8
~,` cfl ufbvfhst,f ithrbyt,f0 se lfzthbc flub-
kb cfsfvfij vjtlfyptf7 ithrbyt,f to.j,f bmdt7 jqjylfw
rblblfy vbybvev % vtnhpt8
se lfzthbc flubkb ktkjibf7 ithrbyt,f rfhbc [fpb-
lfy % vtnhpt lf rblblfy vbybvev % vtnhpt to.j,f8
~u` dby itfult,c ,ehsc0 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc itfult,c
bc ueylb7 dbcvf vjsfvfitvfw ,ehsb fkfkpt lfbzbhf8
!(8* cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf

~f` ubyl sfvfiib v.jab lf ubylfw sfvfi-ufht vtnjmt ,eh-
sbc fkfkpt lfvzthc sfdc fqfh eylf lftc[fc vcf]bc
cfcndtybc itvltu8
~,` cfblfy cheklt,f cf]fhbvj0 se lfvhqdtdb
sfvfiib b.j7 lfhn.vf lfhqdtdbc flubkblfy cheklt,f8
se lfvhqdtdb sfvfi-ufhts b.j7 cf]fhbvj !!8 otcbc vb-
[tldbs cheklt,f8
~u` d b y l f f h n . f v c 0 vfhsfkb ueylbc yt,bcvbthb
vjsfvfit8
91
! )8 fenb
gbhlfgbh fenib lfhn.vf ybiyfdc7 hjv at[bs lfh-

n.vekb ,ehsb fenib ~rbltpt` bct ufdblf7 hjv cfsfvf-
ij fhtib vbofpt fh lfwtvekf lf vfc fhw vjsfvfitt,b
lf vcf]b it[t,bfy8
3@@4 rfhbc [fpcf lf ~vfcsfy ef[kjtc` @@-vtnhf [fpc
ijhbc vjmwtekb yfrdtsbf8 bub vjbwfdc @@-vtnhf [fpc7
vfuhfv rfhbc [fpb vfc fh tresdybc8
lthtaybc ief [fpb ofhvjcf[dbsbf8 bub vjtlfypt7
fenbc ~rblbc` [fpbc vfhsj,ekfl7 bv flubkpt bdkt,f7
cflfw ,ehsb fenblfy eylf vjfojljy8
,ehsb fenibf ~rbltptf uflfcekb`7 se bub vjsf-
vfitc fh ezbhfdc lf sfdfl t[t,f fenbc [fpc7 fy dbyvtc
fy hfvtc fv [fppt fy vbc uflfqvf8
,ehsb fenibf7 se bub vjsfvfitc ezbhfdc lf tc vj-
sfvfit fy sfdfl ,ehsb t[t,f fenbc [fpc fy vbc uflfqvf
vbofc ~vfuhfv fhf dbyvtc fy hfvtc`8
,ehsbc fenib ufcdkbc flubkb bmff7 cflfw ,ehsb-
fyb vjsfvfit fy ,ehsb fenbc [fpc itt[j fy uflfrdtsf8
,ehsb fenibf7 se ,ehsb lfzthbc lhjc vjsfvfitc
seylfw wfkb nthab elufc fenbc [fppt fy vbc uflfqvf8
se ,ehsbfy vjsfvfitc wfkb at[b vjtlfypt elufc7
[jkj vtjht fenib7 ,ehsb fenibf8
se ,ehsvf ~?fthib` uflfrdtsf fenbc fy ktkjc rblbc
[fpb lf lfbzbhf vjsfvfitv7 dbcfw jhbdt at[b cfsfvfij
fhtib elufc7 ,ehsb fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt uflfcekb
fhff8 fv vjsfvfitc ,ehsbc cfsfvfij fhtib uflvjult-
92
,f [tkbc ofrdhbsfw ite'kbf8 se vjsfvfit lfzthbcfc
f[nf7 jhbdt at[bs cfsfvfij fhtib eylf lf[ntc7 sjhtv
,ehsb fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt uflfcekfl xfbsdkt,f8
se ,ehsc fenbc [fpbc cb,hn.t fh uflferdtsbf7
fenib ~rblbc uflfqvf` v.ja vjsfvfitc ite'kbf at[b
lffhn.fc fy [tkb ofrhfc7 vfuhfv fh eylf lfbzbhjc8
fenbc [fpbc cb,hn.t fv [fpbcflvb dthnbrfkehbf8
!)8! vjojlt,bc flubkb lfhn.vbc itvltu

vjtlybc dth-vjut,f
~f` @@-bc ufhtlfy gbhlfgbh fenib8 se cfsfvfij
fhtib v.javf vjsfvfitv sfdbcb @@-bc ufhtlfy ,ehsb fen-
ib gbhlfgbh lffhn.f ~ufvjyfrkbcbf cf]fhbvj lfh-
n.vf`7 vbcb ueylb vjtlfyc dth vjbut,c ~oby dth ofbotdc`8
fv lhjc ,ehsb fenblfy eylf vjfojljy
55 lfhn.vbc flubkbc ufcodhbd7 rbltpt vlt,fht oth-
nbkblfy7 fy
55 bmblfy7 cflfw ,ehsb fenib ufdblf7
bvbc lf vb[tldbs7 se fv jhb flubkblfy hjvtkb eahj
f[kjf lfvhn.vtkbc ktkjlfy8
~,` @@-ib itnfyf8 se vjsfvfitv ,ehsb sfdbcb @@-bc ufht-
lfy @@-ib fy sfdbc ktkjib vtnjmbc ite[t,kbd ufupfdyf
lf itvltu vbcvf ueylvf fenib gbhlfgbh lffhn.f vtnj-
mbc it[t,fvlt7 ,jzdfvlt7 hfmbc fy vjkbc itmvyfvlt - ueylb
vjtlfyc dth vjbut,c8 tc otcb vjmvtlt,c vfibyfw7 se
cohfafl itvjult,fvlt ueylvf ,ehsb @@-bc ybiyekbc
obyblfy xfvjbnfyf lf vtht fenib gbhlfgbh lffhn.f8
93
~u` se sfdbc @@-ib wfkb fy jhbdt nthabs v.javf vjsfvf-
itv @@-bc ufhtlfy fbqj e'hfdb ,ehsb lf fenib gbhlf-
gbh lffhn.f - vbcb ueylb vjtlfyc dth vjbut,c8
~l` @@-ib itnfyf ithrbyt,blfy fy lthtayblfy8
se ueylvf ,ehsb ithrbyt,fib fy lthtafyib sfdbcb @@-
bc ufhts itfulj fy vjfojlf7 itvltu rb ,ehsb vtnjmbc
ite[t,kbd @@-ib itdblf lf ueylvf fenib gbhlfgbh lf-
fhn.f vtnjmbc it[t,fvlt7 ,jzdfvlt7 hfmbc fy vjkbc
itmvyfvlt - vjtlfyb dth vjbut,f8
vjtlybc vjut,f
~t` se sfdbc @@-ib wfkb fy jhbdt nthabs v.javf vjsf-
vfitv @@-bc ufhtlfy fbqj vj'hfdb ,ehsb lf @@-lfy
fenib gbhlfgbh lffhn.f - ,ehsb eylf vjfojljy bm7
cflfw fenib ufdblf8
!)8! ~f` - ~l`
ithrbyt,f sfdbc
@@-ib itltytc
fm vjfodlbfy
gfcb fm vjfodlbfy
fm vjfodlbfy fm vjfodlbfy
vjtlybc dth-vjut,f
94
~d` @@-ib itnfyf8 se vjsfvfitv ,ehsb @@-bc ufhtlfy
sfdbc @@-ib fy ktkjib ufupfdyf lf vbcvf ueylvf fenib
gbhlfgbh lffhn.f vtnjmbc it[t,bc7 ,jzdbc7 hfmbc fy
vjkbc itvltu - ,ehsb eylf vjfojljy bm7 cflfw fenib
ufdblf8
~p` @@-ib vtnjmbcufy8 se @@-ib ,ehsb vtnjmbcufy it-
dblf7 fye @@-bc [fpbc uflfrdtsfvlt lfvwdtkt,c fh
it[t,bf7 lf fv ueylvf fenib gbhlfgbh lffhn.f - ,ehsb
eylf vjfojljy bm7 cflfw fenib ufdblf8
~s` fhf-gbhlfgbh fenib8 se cfsfvfij fhtib7 yt,bc-
vbth flubkpt v.javf vjsfvfitv ,ehsb fenib fhf-
gbhlfgbh lffhn.f7 fye fenib ufcdkfvlt ,ehsb ]th
vjtlfyib lftwf - ,ehsb eylf vjfojljy bm7 cflfw fenib
ufdblf8
se cfsfvfij fhtib7 yt,bcvbth flubkpt v.javf vjsf-
vfitv ,ehsb lffhn.f7 bub vtnjmtc itt[j lf fenib fhf-
fm vjfodlbfy
!)8! ~t` - ~b`
fm vjfodlbfy
fm vjfodlbfy
lfhn.vf
gfcb
,jzdf
vjtlybc vjut,f
95
gbhlfgbh ufdblf7 fye ]th cfsfvfij vjtlfyib lftwf -
,ehsb eylf vjfojljy bm7 cflfw fenib ufdblf8
se cfsfvfij fhtib7 yt,bcvbth flubkpt v.javf vjsf-
vfitv ,ehsb lffhn.f7 bub vtnjmtc itt[j lf fenib
gbhlfgbh ufdblf7 fye cfsfvfij vjtlfyib fh lfwtvekf
- ,ehsb eylf vjfojljy bv flubkbc ufcodhbd7 cflfw
vtnjmtc itt[j7 fy fhflf bm7 cflfw fenib ufdblf7 se tc
flubkb vtnjmbc ktkjlfy eahj f[kjf8
~b` cf]fhbvjlfy8 se cfsfvfij fhbc yt,bcvbthb flub-
kblfy vjsfvfitv cf]fhbvj lffhn.f lf ,ehsb fenib
~vfuhfv fhf ktkjc rbltpt` ufupfdyf - ,ehsb eylf
vjfojljy bm7 cflfw fenib ufdblf8
sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf
~r` @@-bc ufhtlfy vjtlfyb dth vjbut,f8 se @@-bc

ufhts lfybiyekb sfdbceafkblfy ,ehsb gbhlfgbh
fenib lffhn.tc7 ,ehsb eylf vjfojljy
55 lfhn.vbc flubkbc ufcodhbd rbltpt vlt,fht oth-
nbkblfy7 fy
55 bmblfy7 cflfw ,ehsb fenib ufdblf7
bvbc lf vb[tldbs7 se fv jhb flubkblfy hjvtkb eahj
f[kjf lfvhn.vtkbc ktkjlfy8
~k` @@-lfy lf ktkjlfy vjtlfyb vjbut,f8 se
lfvwdtkb ueylbc @@-ib fy ktkjib lfybiyekb sfdb-
ceafkblfy ,ehsb fenib lffhn.tc7 ,ehsb eylf vj-
fojljy bm7 cflfw fenib ufdblf8
96
cf]fhbvj lf
fm vjfodlbfy sfdbceafkb
cf]fhbvj
fm vjfodlbfy
sfdbceafkb @@-bc ufhtlfy
fm vjfodlbfy
sfdbceafkb @@-lfy
!)8@ cohfafl itvjult,f

~f` vjsfvfitc ,ehsbc fenblfy itvjult,f ite'kbf cohf-
aflfw7 bct7 hjv lthtaybc vjo.j,fc fh lftkjljc8
~,` cohfafl itvjult,bcfc vjsfvfit eylf blutc vjtlybc
ufhts7 ,ehsbc fenib ufcdkbc othnbkcf lf sfdbc rf-
hbc [fpc ijhbc vlt,fht yt,bcvbth flubkpt8
~u` lthtaybc vjo.j,bc itvltu vjsfvfitv ,ehsb cohfafl
fqfh eylf itvjfuljc8 se vfy fct vfbyw /myf7 itvjult-
,f ,fsbklt,f lf bubdt ueylb ,ehsc lthtafyib vjfodlbc8
97
,ehsbc fenib ufcdkbc flubkb
itvjfult,c fmtlfy fmfvlt7

cfblfyfw eylf
lthtaybc ief [fpb

fbqj
,ehsb
cohfafl
itvjult,f rfhbc [fpb
~l` cohfafl itvjult,bcfc vjsfvfitv fenib ufcekb ,eh-

sb eylf ufvjb.tyjc8 se fenib ufcdkbc itvltu itvj-
vult,bcf lf rbltpt uflfcekb vtnjmbc ufhlf ,ehsc
c[dfw itt[j7 fy ,ehsb itwdfktc - itvjult,f uf,f-
sbklt,f lf bubdt ueylb lthtafyib vjfodlbc8
~t` se cohfafl itvjult,bcfc vjsfvfibc vbth [tkbs yf-
n.jhwyb ,ehsb oby ofdblf9 vbobc fy vjsfvfitsf it-
[t,fvlt ief [fpbc ufcodhbd fy erfy % vtnhb fh ufed-
kbf9 itvjvult,vf cfsfvfij vjtlfyc at[b lff,b]f -
itvjult,f ,fsbklt,f8
fvbc itvltu vtnjmtc ite'kbf fbhxbjc lthtafyib
vjojlt,f bm7 cflfw ,ehsbc cohfafl itvjult,f cwfltc7
fy bmdt7 !%-vtnhf [fppt7 ithrbyt,fib itfuljc ,ehsb8
se vtnjmtv lthtafyb fbhxbf lf sfdflfw fhf-cojhfl
vjfojlf7 !%-vtnhf [fppt lfbybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtk-
ibw ,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw cohfafl itvjult-
,f cwflf8
98
~d` cohfafl itvjult,bcfc vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ,ehsb ufl-
vjfuljc ~lthtaybc` ief [fpbc ufcohbd - fenbc [fpbc
vfhsj,ekfl7 fy erfy - sfdbcb ktkjcrty8
~p` cohfafl itvjult,bcfc vjsfvfitc ite'kbf ~lthtaybc`
ief [fpsfy vbcdkf lf vbcb lfec]tkfl lfnjdt,f8
~s` cohfafl itvjult,bcfc vjsfvfitv ,ehsbc vbth % vtn-
hbc ufdkfc [tkb fh eylf iteifkjc8
cfc]tkb5 sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt8
~b` se ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit fenib uflfb.dfytc7 ,ehsb vtnjmtc
eylf lfesvjc7 hfsf fvfc cohfafl itvjult,f itt'kjc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt8
!)8# vjojlt,bc flubkb c[df lhjc

.dtkf c[df itvs[dtdfib7 ,ehsb fenblfy eylf vjfojl-
jy bm7 cflfw bub fenib ufdblf ~rbltpt uflfdblf`
! ) 8 $ dby vjfodlbc0
fenblfy ,ehsb eylf vjfojljc bv vjsfvfibc vtnjmt
ueylvf7 dbyw fenib ufcdkfvlt ,ehsc ,jkj akj,lf fy
itt[j8 cfzjzvfyj dbsfht,fib ,ehsc itvntdb vjfodlbc8
ufvjyfrkbcb5 se ueylvf cf]fhbvj lfhn.vblfy
,ehsb fenib ufupfdyf ~ubyl gbhlfgbh lf ubyl fhf`7
,ehsb fenblfy fvfdt ueylvf eylf vjfojljc8
! ) 8 % dbcfw at[b fenib elufc

~f` se fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt wfkb fy jhbdt nthabs
v.javf vjsfvfitv cfsfvfij fhblfy e'hfdb ,ehsb fbqj
- vfc fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt uflfcdkf xftsdkt,f8
99
~,` se fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt wfkb fy jhbdt nthabs
v.javf vjsfvfitv cfsfvfij fhblfy vj'hfdb ,ehsb
fbqj - vfc fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt uflfcekb ,eh-
sbc fqt,f xftsdkt,f8
! ) 8 ^ hjujh eylf vjfojljc0
fenblfy ,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkb vjsfvfit cfsfyflj
flubkpt eylf lflutc8 vfy vjojlt,bcfc vjtlfyc ~at[b`
fh eylf lff,b]jc8
vjsfvfitv ,ehsb [tkbs eylf n.jhwyjc gbhlfgbh7
~lthtaybc` ief [fpbc ufcodhbd7 bct7 hjv ,ehsvf vbobc
fy vjsfvfitsf it[t,fvlt fhfyfrkt, % vtnhb ufbfhjc8
fenb c [fpb
% vtnh f [fpb
fenbc vjojlt,f
vjtlfyc
fh lff,b]j=
% vtnhb
,ehsvf vbobc fy vjsfvfitsf

it[t,fvlt fhf-yfrkt, % vtnhb
eylf ufbfhjc
100
! ) 8 * fhf-cojhfl vjojlt,f
~f` se fenblfy lthtafyib ,ehsb fhf-cojhfl vjfojltc7
vtnjmtc ite'kbf sfdfl fbhxbjc lthtafyib vjojlt,f7
fy !%-vtnhf [fppt ,ehsb ithrbyt,fib itfuljc8
se vtnjmtv lthtafyb fbhxbf lf sfdflfw fhf-cojhfl
vjfojlf7 lfbybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc bc
ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw fhf-cojhfl gbhdtkvf vjfojlf8
~,` vjsfvfitv ,ehsb lthtafyib ufe]fy]kt,kbd7 whe vj'-
hfj,bc ufhtit eylf vjfojljc8
cfc]tkb5 sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt8
~u` vjsfvfitv ,ehsb fhf-cojhfl fhw ufyut, fy fhw
ufvtjht,bs fh eylf fojljc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf ! %-vtnhf [fppt8
lthtafyb
lthtaybc lfybiyekt,f ,ehsbc fenib ufcdkbc

itvltu7 jh [fpfl lfo.j,bk vjsfvfitsf ijhbc ,ehsbc
vjojlt,bs ~uflvjult,bs` sfvfibc lhjekfl7 e[bafsjl
lf cfvfhskbfyfl ufyf[kt,ff8
lthtaybc vjsfvfit bcff7 dbyw lthtaybc itvflutytk
[fpib ~vo.j,hib` lufc8
vbvqt,b bubf7 dbyw vo.j,hbc erfy7 lthtaybc vjsf-
vfitsf vbth uflvjojlt,ekb fy uflvjult,ekb ,ehsbc
lfcfzthfl lufc8 vbvqt,fl lflujvf yt,bcvbth vjsfvf-
itc ite'kbf7 jqjylfw ueylc sbsjtek lthtafyib sbsj
vbvqt,pt vtnb fh eylf ?.fdltc8
101
lthtaybc vjyfobktt,fl bsdkt,bfy fenblfy ,eh-
sbc vjvojlt,tkb ~uflvjvult,b` vjsfvfit7 fvbcb eie-
fkj vtnjmt7 vbvqt,t,b lf lthtaybc vjsfvfitt,b8
.dtkf c[df vjsfvfit ~dbyw lthtafyib fh vjyfob-
ktj,c` lthtaybc lfchekt,fvlt eylf blutc ief [fpb-
lfy vbybvev !_ vtnhbs erfy7 fy se vbcb rfhbc [fpb eahj
f[kjf - fv [fpbc erfy8
! % -vtnhf [fpb rblblfy ! % vtnhpt7 fenbc [fpbc
gfhfktkehfl7 vjtlfyib uflbc8
lthtafyib otcbc lfhqdtdbc fy sfvfibc itath[t,bc ufvj
lfybiyekb yt,bcvbthb ithrbyt,f ief lf ! % -vtnhf
[fpt,bc uflfrdtsfpt to.j,f8
!)8( lthtayfl vjo.j,f
~f` vbybvevb8 lthtafyib ueylblfy vbybvev jhb vjsf-

vfit eylf lflutc8
~,` vfmcbvevb8 fenblfy ,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkb ueylb
flutyc sbsj ueylblfy lfcfo.j,sf vfmcbvfkeh hfjlt-
yj,fc8
~u` vtnjmtc ite'kbf lthtafyib yfrkt,b vjsfvfitw lff.t-
yjc7 vtnb rb - fhf8
~l` se ,ehsb fenibf ufcekb lf vjsfvfit ~lthtaybc` ief
[fpsfy vbdblf7 buekbc[vt,f7 hjv vfy tc lthtafyib lf-
cflujvfl uffrtsf8
lthtaybc vjsfvfitt,b ief [fpsfy ufe]fy]kt,kbd eylf
vbdblyty8 se vfcib xfluf7 vjsfvfitv lthtafyb ufsf-
vfit,bc lfchekt,fvlt fqfh eylf lfnjdjc8
102
~t` se ,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkvf ueylvf lthtafyib xdtekpt
yfrkt,b vjsfvfit lff.tyf7 vtnjmtc lhj eylf vbtwtc7
hfsf lthtayblfy bvltyb vjsfvfit ufb.dfyjc7 hfvltybw
otcbc lfcfwfdflff cfzbhj8
~d` tc vjsfvfitt,b lthtayblfy ufe]fy]kt,kbd eylf uf-
dblyty8 vfs ief [fpblfy sfdbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpfvlt ~! _
vtnhbs erfy` eylf lfb[bjy7 vfuhfv se lthtafyb vfyfv
lfcheklf7 cfyfv fv [fpc vbfqobtc - ite'kbfs sfvfiib
xft,fy8
~p` lthtafyib fh-lflujvf8 se ueylb lthtafyib
ufyut, fh to.j,f7 lfcfc]tkbf8
~s` cfl eylf lfluyty lthtaybc vjsfvfitt,b0
lthtaybc sfdb fenbc [fpblfy fhf-yfrkt, % vtnhptf8
lthtaybc ,jkj fvfdt [fpblfy fhf-evtntc ! % vtnhptf8
lthtaybc vjsfvfitt,b fv jh flubkc ijhbc eylf ufy-
kfulyty8
~b` cfl lflutc vbvqt,b0 dblht lthtafyb lfbo.t,f7
vbvqt,b % lf ! % -vtnhf [fpt,c ijhbc7 lthtafyib ufvorhb-
dt,ek ueyltksf erfy7 sfdbcb ktkjcrty7 vbybvev
@ vtnhpt eylf blutc8
ufvjyfrkbcb5 vbvqt,c ite'kbf lthtaybc vo.j,hib
lfnjdt,ek qhtxjib itbzhfc lf uffrtsjc .dtkfathb7
hbcb eakt,fw lthtaybc c[df vjsfvfitt,c fmds8 fv lhjc
vbvqt,c cfc]tkb lthtaybc c[df vjsfvfitt,bdbs trbcht,f8
~r` vjsfvfit fenbcf lf %-vtnhf [fpt,c ijhbc8
,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkb ueylbc vtnjmtv7 lthtafyib vj-
o.j,bc lhjc7 fenbcf lf %-vtnhf [fpt,c ijhbc vjsf-
vfit eylf lff.tyjc8 bub sfdbcb ueylbc v[fhtc7 ltht-
aybc ief lf %-vtnhf [fpt,blfy @ vtnhpt eylf blutc8
103
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb
fen bc [fp b
fhf-vjyfobktsfsdbc
!_ v vbvqt,b
@v
lthtafyb @v
!v ief [fpb
@v
!_ v vbvqt,b
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb
fhf-vjyfobktsfsdbc
% v
!% v
~k` fenblfy ,ehsbc vjojlt,fvlt lthtaybc vjsfvfitt,c

flubkbc vjyfwdkt,f lf thsvfytsbcsdbc ufwdkfw ite'-
kbfs8
~v` jhb ths-vfub cojhb [fpb8 vtnjmt ueylt,bc
lthtaybc vjsfvfitt,b ths-vfu7 gfhfktkeh7 fenbc
[fpbcflvb vfhsj,ek vo.j,ht,fl ~[fpt,fl` to.j,bfy8
~y` lthtafyib lfvlufh vtnjmtsf ijhbc w[flb iefktlb
eylf lfhxtc8 bub bpjvt,f ufvfhsekfl vlujv vjsfvf-
itsf iblf ~vtnjmbc-rtyf` v[ht,c ijhbc8
104
~j` vtnhbfyb iefktlb8 ueylbc vo.j,hb sfdbcb ktkjc-
rty7 lthtaybc ief [fpblfy yf[tdfh vtnhpt eylf lflutc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~j` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf ! %-vtnhf
[fppt8
~g` lthtaybc ief [fpb rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhbc afhufkib
fh eylf b.jc8
~;` lthtafyib lflujvblfy ,ehsbc vjojlt,fvlt vjsfvfitv
vtnjmt fh eylf lfbzbhjc9 vfc fhw [tkb /rhfc7 sfdc
lftc[fc fy upf iterhfc8
!)8) lthtaybc lfo.t,f lf lfchekt,f

~f` lthtafyb bo.t,f vfiby7 hjwf ,ehsb fenblfy vbcb ufl-
vjvult,b vjsfvfibc [tkbc vntdfyc o.lt,f8
~,` lthtafyb cheklt,f vfiby7 hjwf ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb
vjsfvfit lthtayblfy uflbc8 tc vjbwfdc itvltuc5
55 ,ehsb lthtayblfy n.jhwytc7 uflvjfultc fy at[bs
lffhn.tc9
55 ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit % vtnhbcf lf rblbc
[fpt,c ijhbc vjmwtek pjkib uflfdblf9
55 lthtaybc vjsfvfitv ,ehsb vbcwf lthtayblfy lf'hek
vjsfvfitc9
55 fenblfy ,ehsb ! %-vtnhf [fpc vbqvf uflvjfultc7 fy
fvfdt [fpbc bmbs vjsfvfitv uflfbnfyf9
55 lthtafyib itbmvyf hfmb fy vjkb lf vfcib xf,vekb
.dtkf vjsfvfibc nthat,b lthtaybc ief [fppt uflfdblf9
55 lthtafyib ,ehsbc sfvfib ite'kt,tkb uf[lf ~,ehsb
xfb[ehf`8 fv lhjc sfvfib ithrbyt,bs f[klt,f8
105
!)8!_ hf /myfc lf hf fhf lthtaybc vjsfvfitv
~f` vtnjmtpt lf.hlyj,f8 f[njvbc lhjc vjsfvfit
vtnjmtc fh eylf lft.hlyjc8
~,` lfzthf lf rdhf8 lthtaybc vjsfvfitv vtnjmt fh
eylf lfbzbhjc lf vfc fhw e,b'ujc7 sfdc lftc[fc7 upf
iterhfc fy [tkb xffdkjc8 ufvjyfrkbcbf lthtafy-
ib itmvybkb hfmb lf vjkb8
~u` eotcjl sfdlfc[vf8 lthtaybc vjsfvfit vtnjmtc
itb'kt,f sfdc lftc[fc v[jkjl vfiby7 hjwf ,ehsbfybc
it,jzdfc fy ,ehsbc sfvfic sfdfl wlbkj,c8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~u` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt8
~l` fotdf lf [tkbc itidtkt,f8 vjsfvfitc ite'kbf
v[njvtkbc fotdf lf vbcsdbc [tkbc itidtkt,f7 jqjylfw
fvotdvf tc fh eylf uffrtsjc eryblfy ijhnpt lf ob-
yblfy ,fh'f.pt mdtvjs8
~t` obylfoby [tkbc xfdkt,f8 se vjsfvfitv v[nj-
vtkb eylf fobjc7 eakt,f fmdc obylfoby xffdkjc [tkb7
jqjylfw tc fh eylf uffrtsjc eryblfy ijhnpt lf ob-
yblfy ,fh'f.pt mdtvjs8
~d` f[njvf7 fotdf lf [tkbc itidtkt,f ,ehsbc
uflvjult,fvlt8 dblht ,ehsb fenblfy vbcb ufl-
vjvult,bc [tkbc vntdfyc fh vjo.lt,f7 lthtaybc vj-
sfvfit fh eylf f[ntc lf fhw fobjy8
~p` fv[nfhbc lfidt,f8 se vjsfvfitt,vf fv[nfh uey-
ltkc [tkb itfidtktc7 bub 'bhc eylf lfeidfy7 hjujhw
rb ,ehsc hjvtkbvt vjsfvfit vjbut,c8
~s` vjojlt,bc lf,kjrdf8 lthtaybc vjsfvfit fenbc
[fpblfy % vtnhbc afhufkib fh eylf lflutc lf fhw
% vtnhpt ,ehsbc uflvjult,fc iteifkjc [tkb8
106
!)8!_
vtnjmtc vtnjmtc
fh lft.hlyj [tkb fh /rhf
vtnjmtc vjojlt,fib
fh e,b'uj [tkb fh iteifkj
obylfoby xfdkt,f fotdf

yt,flfhsekbf yt,flfhsekbf
~b` se fenblfy uflvjult,ekb ,ehsb lthtaybc vjsfvfitc

ufcwlf7 fvfc ite'kbf fenbcf lf %-vtnhf [fpt,c ijhbc
vjmwtek pjkib uflfdbltc8 se vjsfvfit fct vjbmwf7
lthtaybc lfchekt,fvlt sfdbcb rfhbc [fpbcrty fqfh
eylf ofdbltc8 ufvjyfrkbcbf lthtayblfy lf'dhf8
~r` ,ehsbc lfzthf lf uflvjult,f8 lthtafyib
fv[nfhb vjsfvfit ,ehsbc lfzthfcf lf uflvjult,fc
jhbdt7 fy vfhnj iblf ~vtnjmbc-rtyf` [tkbs eylf twf-
ljc8
107
fv[nfh vjsfvfitc vfhnj ufht [tkbs sfvfib trh'fkt,f7
vfuhfv se jhbdt vntdfyb sfdc ptvjs fobf7 ,ehsbc sf-
vfib yt,bcvbthbs ite'kbf8
cfc]tkb5 ~l` - ~r` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt8
!)8!! fenblfy ,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkb
fenblfy ,ehsbc vjvojlt,tkvf ~lf vbcvf eiefkj vt-
njmtv` eylf fbhxbjc js[blfy thsb5
~f` lfhxtc fenbc [fpbc vjcfpqdht %-vtnhf pjkib9
~,` ~lthtaybc` ief [fppt !_ vtnhbs erfy ufvfdfk sfvfi-
ufhtc [fpbc erfy lfb[bjc9
~u` ,ehsbc uflvjult,bc itvltu lthtafyib sfdflfw xflutc9
~l` se vbvqt,bc gjpbwbf sfdbceafkbf7 bm uflfdbltc8
se vjvojlt,tkb c[dfufy ofdf7 sfvfi-ufhts fqvjxylt,f8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf ! % -vtnhf [fppt8
!)8!@ lthtayblfy lf'dhf
vjsfvfit lthtayblfy b'dht,f7 se vo.j,hc bvbcsdbc

njdt,c7 hjv ueyltkbc vbth bmblfy uflvjult,ekb fy
uflvjojlt,ekb ,ehsb lfbzbhjc8
~f` hjlbc0 vjsfvfit vfyfv fh eylf lfb'hfc7 cfyfv ,ehsb

fenblfy vjvojlt,kbc [tkbc vntdfyc fh vjo.lt,f8
~,` cfl0 lf'hekb vjsfvfit lthtaybc lfchekt,fvlt eylf
lfhxtc lthtaybc ief lf vfcpt !_ vtnhbs erfy ufdkt-
,ek [fpt,c ijhbc vjmwtek pjkib lf fh ufxthltc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~,` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf ief [fppt7
rblblfy ! % vtnhpt8
108
!)8!# sfvfi-ufhtc [fpt,b
~f` lthtafyib vjo.j,bc itvltu ueylbcsdbc bdkt,f jhb
c[dflfc[df7 rfhbc [fpbc gfhfktkehb sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb8
~,` vjyfobktt,b8 gbhdtkb sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb t[t,f lt-
htaybc vjyfobkt vjsfvfitt,c ~xdtekt,hbd7 tutyb fhbfy
ajhdfhlt,b7 ) yjvthb lf fenblfy ,ehsbc uflvjvult,b`
fenblfy ,ehsbc uflvjult,fvlt lf ,ehsbc vbth vbobc
fy vjsfvfibc it[t,fvltw tc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb bubdt
lthtaybc ief [fpbf7 it[t,bc itvltu rb - ,ehspt
ufvfdfkb [fpb8
~u` fhf-vjyfobktt,b8 vtjht sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb t[t,f
vjsfvfitt,c7 hjvkt,bw lthtafyib fh vjyfobktj,ty
~xdtekt,hbd7 ,trt,c`8
vfssdbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb lthtaybc ief [fppt !_ vtn-
hbs erfy uflbc7 vfuhfv se vfsbdt rfhbc [fpb eahj
f[kjf7 vfiby sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb sfdfl tc rfhbc [fpbf8
!)8!$ sfvfi-ufht lthtaybc vjyfobkbcsdbc
~f` it[t,fvlt8 vjsfvfitv ief [fpc fh eylf uflff,b]jc8
lthtaybc vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtf7 se ief [fpc vfyfv uflf-
f,b]f7 cfyfv fenblfy uflvjult,ekb ,ehsb vjsfvfitt,c
fy vbofc itt[t,jlf8 ufvjyfrkbcbf7 se vjsfvfit
ief [fpbc vbvfhs sfdbcb v[hblfy f[nf8
~,` se f[nf lf ief [fpb uflfrdtsf7 vfuhfv ,ehsb dth
lfbzbhf lf erfy ufe]fy]kt,kbd lfb[bf - vjsfvfit
fh eylf lff]fhbvjy8 f[njvbcfc vjsfvfitc yf,b]bc
uflfluvf yt,bcvbth v[fhtc ite'kbf7 jqjyl ief [fpc
fh eylf uflff,b]jc8
109
~u` it[t,bc itvltu8 vfc itvltu7 hfw ,ehsb vjsfvf-
itt,c fy vbofc itt[j7 e,ehsj vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtf7
se ,ehspt obyff8 ufvjyfrkbcbf vtnjmbc it,jzdf
fy fvbc vwltkj,f7 jqjylfw vjsfvfitv ,jzdf ,ehsbc
vbvfhs sfdbcb v[hblfy eylf lfbo.jc8
~l` vcf]vf eylf lff]fhbvjc vjsfvfit7 dbyw ufyut, fy
eyt,kbtl sfvfi-ufhts uflfdblf7 vfuhfv ,ehsbc lfea-
kt,fc fy vtnjmbc it,jzdfc fh wlbkf8
~t` vjsfvfitv lthtafyb vbc lfchekt,fvlt fh eylf lf-
njdjc8
~d` ijhc uflvjult,f8 se ,ehsc fenblfy ! % -vtnhf
[fpbc vbqvf fult,ty7 lthtaybc vjyfobktc vjtlybc cb-
qhvtib7 fv [fpbc bmbs uflfcdkf ite'kbf vfibydt7 hj-
ujhw rb ,ehsb vjvojlt,kbc [tkbc vntdfyc vjo.lt,f8
fv lhjc vtnjmtcfw ite'kbf !% -vtnhf [fpbc uflfrdtsf8
thsb rbf7 se vjtlybc cbqhvbcrty ufbmwf7 vfuhfv ,ehsb
! % -vtnhf [fpbc vbqvf fh uflvjeultc7 vjsfvfit sfvfi-
ufhtsff lf lfcf]fhbvt,tkbf8
~p` lthtafyib itmvybkb hfmb lf vjkb8 se lthtafyib
hfmb fy vjkb ufxfqlf7 lthtaybc vjyfobkbcsdbc sfvfi-
ufhtc [fpb ,ehspt rb fqfh uflbc7 fhfvtl hfmib fy
vjkib xf,vek7 fv vjsfvfibc ueyltksf ,jkj at[pt8
~s` fm lthtafyb vfibyff lfchekt,ekb7 se hfmb fy vjkb
lthtaybc ief [fpc uflfcwlf7 fye vfcib xf,vekb .dtkf
vjsfvfibc nthat,b fv [fpbc vbqvff8
~b` lthtaybc vjyfobkt vfcib ofhvjmvybk hfmcf lf vjkib
eylf xft,fc7 fy sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy lfb[bjc lf bm
lfhxtc7 sjhtv sfvfi-ufhts fqvjxylt,f8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~b` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf !%-vtnhf [fppt8
110
hfmbcf lf vjkbc c[df otct,b fmfw vjmvtlt,c8
~r` vjsfvfit hfmcf lf vjkib vtnjmbc v[hblfy fh eylf
xft,fc8
cfc]tkb5 cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf
~k` vjsfvfit hfmcf lf vjkib fh eylf xft,fc sfvfi-ufhtc
[fpbc oby8
!)8!% sfvfi-ufht lthtaybc fhf-vjyfobkbcsdbc

~f` vjsfvfit7 dbyw lthtafyib fh vjyfobktj,c7 sfvfi-
ufhtsff7 se lthtaybc lfchekt,fvlt sfvfi-ufhtc [fpc
uflff,b]f8
~,` vjojlt,bcfc ]thfw sfvfi-ufht8 vjsfvfitc
fenblfy ,ehsbc vjojlt,f vfibyfw ite'kbf7 se vbc
ueyltkc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy ]th fh lfe[tdbf8
thsb rbf7 se tc vjsfvfit sfvfiib lf,heyt,fc ufe]fy-
]kt,kbd fh wlbkj,c7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8
~u` ijhc uflvjult,f8 se ,ehsc fenblfy ! % -vtnhf
[fpbc vbqvf fult,ty7 vjvojlt,kbc fhf-lthtaytk uey-
ltkc ,ehsbc lfcfeakt,kfl oby ufmwtdf ~sfvfi-
ufhtc !_-vtnhf [fpbc uflfrdtsf` ite'kbf vfibydt7 hj-
ujhw rb ,ehsb vjvojlt,kbc [tkbc vntdfyc vjo.lt,f8
fv lhjc fhf-lthtaytk vtnjmtcfw ite'kbf ufvjmwtdf8
thsb rbf7 se oby ufbmwf7 vfuhfv ,ehsb ! % -vtnhf [fpbc
vbqvf fh uflvjeultc7 vjsfvfit sfvfi-ufhtsff lf lf-
cf]fhbvt,tkbf8
111
~l` lthtafyib itmvybkb hfmb lf vjkb8 se lthtafyib
hfmb fy vjkb ufxfqlf7 lthtafyb v[jkjl vfibyff lf-
chekt,ekb7 hjwf hfmib fy vjkib xf,vekb .dtkf vj-
sfvfibc nthat,b ief [fpbc vbqvff8
dblht tc vj[lt,f7 bv vjsfvfibcsdbc7 dbyw lthtafyib
fh vjyfobktj,c7 sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb rdkfd ief [fppt
! _ vtnhbs erfy uflbc7 [jkj se vbcb rfhbc [fpb eahj
f[kjf7 sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbw bubf8 se vjsfvfitv fv [fpt,c
uflff,b]f7 sfvfi-ufhtsff8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~l` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf lfvhqdtdb
ueylbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fppt7 lfhqdtdbc flubkbc gbhlf-
gbh7 jqjylfw fenbc [fpblfy fhf-yfrkt, !% vtnhpt8
112
@_8 ithrbyt,f
ithrbyt,bc lfybiyekt,f otcbc evybidytkj lf-

hqdtdbc fy sfvfibc itath[t,bc itvltu sfvfibc lhj-
ekfl7 e[bafsjl lf cfvfhskbfyfl ufyf[kt,ff8
ithrbyt,f cfsfvfij vjtlfypt bvfhst,f8 vfcib sbsj
ueylblfy hdf vjsfvfit lut,f8 bcbyb thsvfytsc [tkc
uflf[dtdty7 cfv [fpfl lfto.j,bfy lf bct lff[kjdlt,bfy7
hjv obyf [fpib xfvlufhsf sfdt,b vtnjmbcfc uflftzljc8
fvbs bmvyt,f udbhf,b8 vfcib ) yjvthb itfult,c ,ehsc7
hfsf gbhdtk-[fptkt,vf vbc lfcfeakt,kfl at[bs
b,h'jkjy8
udbhf,b vtnjmt obyf ~gbhdtk` [fpt,c ijhbc vjmwt-
ekb cbdhwtf8
) yjvthb ~?fd,trb` bcff7 dbyw ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc fult,c8
ief [fpb ofhvjcf[dbsbf lf vbofpt7 udbhf,ib uflbc
vtnjmt gbhdtk-[fptksf v[ht,bc it[t,bc flubkbc mdti8
/emthb ~rdfzb` obyf [fpbc ief vjsfvfitf8
,eh]t,b vbcufy fmts-bmts lut,bfy8 vfhw[tyf ,eh]c
sfdb sfdbceakfl eltdc7 vfh]dtyfc rb it,jhrbkb fmdc8
vtjht [fpib jhb vjsfvfit lut,f lf ,eh]cf lf
?emthc fodt,f8
ahst,b ufhtlfy lut,bfy lf [tkc vtjht fy vtcfvt
[fptkt,c [dtdty8
( yjvthb vtcfvt [fpib lut,f lf eahj [ibhfl jh
vtjht-[fptkc fodt,f7 vfuhfv ite'kbf vtjht-[fptkcf lf
ahsfc vbfodtc8
113
idblrfwf
ithrbyt,f vjtlfypt bvfhst,f8 ueylbc cfvb vjsfvfit
thsvfytsc [tkc uflf[dtdc lf ths [fpfl lfto.j,f7
vtnjmt vo.j,ht,b rb bct lff[kjdlt,bfy7 hjv vjsfvf-
itsf sfdt,b uflftzljc8 fvbs bmvyt,f udbhf,b8 vfcib )
yjvthb ,ehsc itfult,c lf vjhrbyfkt,b vbc lfcfea-
kt,kfl at[bs b,h'jkt,ty8
@_8! itcfhrbyt,kfl vjo.j,f

~f` cfl bvfhst,f ithrbyt,f0 se otct,ib cfufyut,jl
fh othbf7 ithrbyt,f to.j,f cfsfvfij vjtlfypt7 otcbc
lfhqdtdbc fy sfvfibc itath[t,bc flubkpt7 fy vfcsfy
it'kt,bc lf udfhfl f[kjc8
~,` se tc flubkb fenbc ~rblbc` [fpc % vtnhpt yfrkt,flff
lfijht,ekb7 ithrbyt,f rblblfy % vtnhpt lut,f8
ithrbyt,f vjtlfyib eylf ufbvfhsjc8 itcfhrbyt,kfl
vjo.j,bc lhjc vbcb ief [fpb rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhbc
afhufkib fh eylf b.jc8
~u` se lfhqdtdf fy sfvfibc itath[t,f ktkjib vj[lf7 ith-
rbyt,f fv flubkbc gbhlfgbh7 rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhpt
bybiyt,f8
~l` ufe]fy]kt,kbd8 ueylb ithrbyt,fib ufe]fy]kt,-
kbd eylf lflutc8
~t` hdf vjhrbyfkb8 ithrbyt,fib sbsj ueylblfy hdf
vjsfvfit eylf blutc8 ithrbyt,bc lfchekt,fvlt hdfdt
vo.j,hsfy itrhekb eylf hxt,jltc8
114
gbhdtk [fpib7 fhw vtnb lf fhw yfrkt,b7 cfvb7 vtjhtib
rb jhb vjsfvfit eylf blutc8
ufvjyfrkbcb8 se ueylib hfbvt vbptpbs !%-pt yfr-
kt,b vjsfvfit lfhxf7 yt,flfhsekbf ithrbyt,fib lfcf-
.tyt,tksf hbw[dbc cfsfyfljl itvwbht,f8 ueylvf uby-
lfw fv itqfdfsbs bcfhut,kjc7 vtnjmtc bubdt fh vj-
ts[jdt,f8 thsb rbf7 yt,bcvbth itvs[dtdfib ueylvf [es
vjhrbyfkpt yfrkt,b fh eylf lff.tyjc8
idblrfwf
~t` cfvb vjhrbyfkb8 ithrbyt,fib ueylblfy cfvb
vjsfvfit eylf blutc8 ithrbyt,bc lfchekt,fvlt cfvbdt
thsvfytssfy itrhekb eylf lfhxtc8
55 fvjbifkjc ufvjyfrkbcb8
zf,ert,b
~t` (-rfwf ithrbyt,f #-$-! o.j,bs eylf lflutc8 vtcfvt
[fpbc thsflthsb vjsfvfit ~( yjvthb` vtjht-[fptkt,c
eylf vbfodtc7 fvfs rb sfdt,b ?emthbc fmts-bmbs tljs8
ufvjyfrkbcb8 se chekb itvflutykj,f fh ?.fdc7
vjsfvfit ,by'ehfl sfvfibcsdbc ufe'tdtc fy fvfy vjtlfyb
nhfdvbc ufvj lfnjdf - ueylvf ithrbyt,fib hdfpt yfrkt-
,b vjsfvfit eylf lff.tyjc8 thsb rbf7 fv lhjcfw jhb-
dt ueylc vbybvev [esb vjhrbyfkbc lf.tyt,f vfhst,c8
115
yfrkekb ithrbyt,f fct to.j,f5
se ths-ths ueylc thsb vjsfvfit frkbf7 vfiby jhbdt
ueylb #-$ o.j,bs ~( yjvhbc ufhtit` eylf lflutc8
se ueylc jhb vjsfvfit frkbf7 jhbdt ueylb #-@-!
o.j,bs ~eahst,jl` eylf lflutc9
[jkj se ueylc cfvb vjsfvfit frkbf7 ueylt,b #-@ ufy-
kfut,bs ~vfhnj gbhdtkb lf vtjht [fpt,b` eylf lfto.jy8
yfql ithrbyt,fib gbhdtkb [fpbc cfvbdt lf vtjht [fpbc
jhbdt vjhrbyfkb cfsfyfljl ufoehsybkb eylf b.jc8
se ths-ths ueylc fct ufoehsybkb vjhrbyfkt,b
frkbf vfsb e.jkj,bc7 vjtlyblfy uf'tdt,bc fy lfifdt,bc
ufvj lf cfsfyfljl ufoehsybkb itvwdktkbw fh ?.fdc7
vcf]vf sfvfib whe ithrbyt,bs eylf uffuh'tkjc8
~d` gbhdtk [fpsf it,vf ~itzblt,f`8 ithrbyt,bc fl-

ubkb vcf]vf nthabs eylf vjybiyjc8
it,vfvlt vtnjmt gbhdtkb [fpt,b thsvfytsc vrkfdbc ths
ufodltyfpt eylf lfeluyty7 ,ehsb rb ) yjvthc tzbhjc
lf ithrbyt,fib vbc itcfult,fl vpfl b.jc8
gbhdtkb [fpt,b oby bvltyfl eylf lfb[fhjy7 hjv hjwf
thsvfytsc ittzblt,bfy7 vfs .jdtk vjsfvfitc sfdb lf
,tzt,b cfresfh ufdfpt lf,kf fh tmytc8
vjsfvfitc itzblt,bc itltufl sfdb ueyltkbc sfdbc
vtpj,kfl fh eylf tljc8
116
~p` vcf]vf ptlbptl eylf lfb'f[jc
lfb[fhts= lf itt[ts=
fvfpt gbhdtkb [fpt,b oby eylf lfb[fhjy7 ~js[bdt`
,eh]b rb ufht ~sfdbceafkb` [tkbs eiefkj vtnjmbc
obyf-v[fhc itt[jc lf tu [tkb erfydt ufvjobjc8
vcf]vf fvbc vtht eylf lfb'f[jc .jdyb=
lf vwbht .jdybc itvltu itthrbyts=
fvfpt gbhdtk [fpt,c ite'kbfs thsvfytsc itt,fy8
itthrbyts= ,h'fyt,f fhff8 bubf vbsbst,f7 hjv gbhdtkb
[fpt,b thsvfytsc itt,fy7 hjwf fvbcsdbc vpfl bmyt,bfy8
~s` oby lf[hfib xdtekt,hbdfl lujvbcfc ve[kbc bvltyfl
vj[hf buekbc[vt,f7 hjv vtnjmtcsfy itzblt,f ufvj-
mfyt,bc ufhtit vj[th[ltc8
~b` ufvjmfyt,f8 gbhdtkb [fpb fh eylf lflutc ijhc lf
vtnjmbcrty uftmfyjc8 tc cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
~r` e'hfdb lf gfhfktkehb8 dblht ,ehsb ) yjvhbc
[tkbc vntdyt,c fh vjo.lt,f7 ithrbyt,f e'hfdfl eylf
blutc lf vbcb ief [fpb rfhbc [fpsf gfhfktkehb b.jc8
,ehsbc itult,fvlt ueylc vbojkf trh'fkt,f8
@_8@ gbhdtk [fptksf lujvb
~f` vbcfojkfl vpfl.jayf8 ithrbyt,bc vjo.j,bc
itvltu gbhdtk-[fptkc nfyb lf at[t,b oby vbojkbc-
sdbc vpfl eylf ?mjyltc8
117
~,` tc ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfitc jhbdt at[b vbofpt eylf tlufc7
cbv'bvt rb v.fhfl ?mjyltc uflfnfybkb seylfw wfkpt8
vjsfvfitc trh'fkt,f at[t,bc uflf]dfhtlbyt,f7 vfuhfv
tc itpqeldf fh t[t,f ueyltksf at[t,c8
vjsfvfitc ,tzt,b cfresfh ufdfpt lf,kf fh eylf ?mjyltc8
~u` ?emthb ~rdfzb`8 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc itult,fvlt ?emthb
,ehsbc vjcfut,fl eylf uftvpfljc8
vfc jhbdt at[b vbofpt eylf tlufc7 cbv'bvt rb v.fhfl
?mjyltc uflfnfybkb seylfw wfkpt8
?emthvf at[b fh eylf lflufc sfyf-ueyltkb ,eh]t,bc
.dtkfpt obyf nthabc oby8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~u` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf8
@_8# itrdhf ~ithrbyt,fib [tkbc vj[dtdf`
vjsfvfit ueyltkc hjv ittrhfc7 [tkb nfypt7 bqkbf-

pt mdtvjs7 vskbfyfl - vntdyblfy v[hfvlt eylf vj[dbjc8
ueyltkbcsdbc vfhnj vntdybc lflt,f itrdhf fhff8
~f` ithrbyt,bc lfo.t,blfy lfchekt,fvlt .dtkf gbhdtk-

[fptkb vnrbwtl lf eo.dtnfl eylf b.jc itrhekb8
~,` ?emthvf ueyltk ,eh]t,c [tkb ,tzc mdtvjs fy ptvjs
eylf vj[dbjc8 ,eh]t,c ?emthb bct fh eylf tzbhjs7 hjv
fvfc cbv'bvt fhw-ths at[pt fh ?mjyltc uflfnfybkb8
~u` vfhw[tyf ,eh]vf vtnjmbc vfh]dtyf ,eh]c vfh-
w[tyf vrkfdb vfh]dtyf vrkfdbc ibuyblfy eylf fvjcljc8
vfy vtnjmbc rdfhsb vfhw[tyf [tkbs eylf xf,qe]jc v[j-
118
itrdhf
ief [fpb
kjl pehupt fy udthlpt lf fhf vrthlpt7 vrkfdpt7

cf[tkjpt fy cf.tkjpt7 lf vtnjmtc lf,kf fh eylf
totjltc8
~l` vfh]dtyf ,eh]vf vtnjmbc vfhw[tyf ,eh]c vfh-
]dtyf vrkfdb vfhw[tyf obyf-v[hbc ufhtlfy eylf fvj-
cljc8 vfy vtnjmbc rdfhsb vfh]dtyf [tkbs eylf xf,qe-
]jc v[jkjl pehupt fy udthlpt lf fhf vrthlpt7
vrkfdpt7 cf[tkjpt fy cf.tkjpt7 lf vtnjmtc lf,kf
fh eylf totjltc8
~t` fv otcbc afhufkib jhbdt ,eh]c ite'kbf itrdhbc
vtsjlbc itwdkf8
~d` gbhdtk-[fptksf ufhlf .dtkf c[df vjhrbyfkb7 gbh-
dtk [fpsf itzblt,fvlt seylfw wfkb vrkfdbs eylf
ittrhfc sfyf-ueyltk vtjht-[fptkc8
vtjht-[fptkb vbc oby vlufh ,eh]c eylf ittrhfc7 vt-
njmbc xf,qe]df rb7 ,eh]bc ufhlf7 .dtkfc trh'fkt,f8
119
~p` ahsf fath[t,c vtnjmbc ) yjvthc8 se ueylt-
kt,c cojhfl ittrhf7 ithrbyt,bc ahsfc ite'kbf udth-
lekfl blutc8 thsb rbf7 ahsf vtnfl fh eylf vj,-
heyltc lf fvbs vtnjmbc ) yjvthb itfath[jc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~p` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
~s` xfmwtdf8 ithrbyt,bc xfmwtdbc itvltu vcf]vf evfk eylf
lfecndbyjc7 hfsf vjsfvfitt,vf vbojkf ito.dbnjy8
~b` fvjltdyf8 se vjhrbyfkb ?fthib fobtc fy ithrbyt-
,blfy fvjltdytc7 vcf]vf evfk eylf lfecndbyjc7 hfsf
vjsfvfitt,vf vbojkf ito.dbnjy8
@_8$ hjvtkb ueylb itfult,c ,ehsc0
~f` otcbc lfhqdtdbc itvltu ithrbyt,fib ,ehsb vfh-
sfkvf ~lfvhqdtdbc vtnjmt` ueylvf eylf itfuljc8
~,` hfmbc itvltu - b[bkt !^8* otcb
~u` vjkbc itvltu - b[bkt !*8^ otcb
~l` c[df lhjc8 sfvfibc yt,bcvbthb c[df itath[t,bc itv-
ltu7 fuhtsdt otct,ib ufesdfkbcobyt,tk itvs[dtdfib7
ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw itath[t-
,fvlt oby vbbotdlf8
se fv lhjc oby dthfdby vblbjlf7 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc
itvntdb ueylb itfult,c8
~t` se ithrbyt,f fh b'dht,f lf ,ehsb bmblfy evfk fh
ufvjlbc7 itath[t,bc flubkpt f[fkb ithrbyt,f bybiyt-
,f8 vfcib ,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw ,ehsc itath-
[t,bcfc fh akj,lf8
120
~d` se ithrbyt,f ufe'hfdlf lf evfk [tkf[kf fh fvj-
'hfdlf7 ,ehsb bmblfy lfe.jdyt,kbd eylf ufvjbnfyjy8
se fct fh vj[lf7 f[fkb ithrbyt,f lfbybiyt,f8 vfcib
,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw ,ehsc itath[t,bcfc fh
akj,lf8
~p` se ithrbyt,f xfbmwf fy ofvjbifkf lf ]fhbvf fh lfybi-
yekf7 bmdt ufbvfhst,f f[fkb ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw
,ehsc bubdt ueylb itfult,c8
se [tk-vtjht ithrbyt,f fv otcib vje[ctybt,tkb vbpt-
pbs eylf vjto.jc7 ,ehsc vfcibw bc ueylb itfult,c7
dbyw tc obyf ithrbyt,fib uffrtsf8
@_8% ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc itult,f

ufe]fy]kt,kbd8 hjujhw rb vtnjmt gbhdtkb
[fpt,b thsvfytsc ittzblt,bfy7 ) yjvthvf ,ehsb ithrb-
yt,fib eylf itfuljc8
) yjvthvf ,ehsb vfiby eylf itfuljc7 hjwf vcf]b tn.-
dbc lf ithrbyt,bc bv v[hblfy7 hjvtkbw sfdblfy fbhxbf8
@_8^ hjujh fult,c ,ehsc ) yjvthb0

~f` ) yjvthb ithrbyt,blfy ths vtnhpt7 ief [fppt bct
eylf lflutc7 hjv vbcb sfdb ithrbyt,fc fh itt[jc lf
fhw f[kj vlujvb ,eh]bc uflfqvf vj[dltc8
~,` ) yjvthc ,ehsb eylf tzbhjc jhb [tkbs9 gbhdtk [fpt,c
ijhbc7 ief [fppt9 ve[kblfy lf rjzblfy njk vfy'bkpt
lf bct7 hjv ,ehsbc uh'tkb qth'b vbobcf lf fenbc
[fpbc gfhfktkehb b.jc8
121
@_8^~,`
~u` ) yjvhbc vbth itult,ekb ,ehsb cohfafl eylf vj'hf-

j,ltc8 ,ehsb ) yjvhbc [tkbc vntdyt,c udbhf,c ufhts
eylf vjo.ltc8
~l` ) yjvthvf ,ehsb cojhfl7 ief [fppt eylf itfuljc -
sfy bct7 hjv ,ehsb vbofc gbhdtkfl itt[jc f[kj vlujvb
,eh]bc bmtsf ,tzbc uflfqvfl8
~t` ) yjvthvf ,ehsb ths-vfub7 oby vj'hfj,bs eylf itfu-
ljc8 tc ybiyfdc7 hjv vfy ,ehsb erfy fh eylf ofbqjc
lf fhw whe vj'hfj,f ufvjb.tyjc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~t` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf8
@_8* hjlbc bo.t,f ithrbyt,f0

~f` ithrbyt,fib sfvfib vfiby bo.t,f7 hjwf ,ehsb ) yjvhbc
[tkbc vntdyt,c o.lt,f8
~,` se ) yjvthvf ,ehsb ithrbyt,fib itfulj7 bc rb udb-
hf,bc yt,bcvbthb ,jkjlfy ufvjdblf lf cf]fhbvj fy
sfdbceafkb lfhn.vt,b fh lfybiyekf7 bvfdt ueylvf
,ehsb [tkf[kf eylf itfuljc8
122
~u` se ,ehsbs gbhdtk-[fptkt,c fh esfvfibfs7 vfy rb
udbhf,b ufbfhf lf bmtsf ,eh]bc at[t,c eryblfy vj-
sfvfitsf ite[t,kbd ufvjdblf7 bvfdt ueylvf ,ehsb
[tkf[kf eylf itfuljc8
@_8( frh'fkdt,b gbhdtk-[fptksfsdbc

~f` vbhn.vf ,ehsbc itult,fvlt8 gbhdtk-[fptkt,c
at[t,b bct eylf tlufs7 hjv udbhf,b fh xfb[thujc8
dblht ,ehsb ) yjvhbc [tkbc vntdyt,c fh vjo.lt,f7
gbhdtk-[fptkvf nthab vboblfy fh eylf fbqjc lf fhw
oby ufobjc8
gbhdtk-[fptkvf bctsb fhfathb eylf xfblbyjc7 hfw
ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc cojhfl itult,fcf lf vbofcsfy
cojhfldt it[t,fc itf,hrjkt,c8
~,` vbhn.vf itult,bc itvltu8 se ,ehsb vbofc
udbhf,ib erdt itt[j7 yt,bcvbth gbhdtk-[fptkc ite'-
kbf7 vbcb vjut,f yt,bcvbthb nthabs cwfljc8
~u` ,ehsbc ufvjult,f8 gbhdtk-[fptkvf ,ehsb ufyut,
fh eylf ufvjfuljc udbhf,bc bv ,jkjlfy7 cfblfyfw
ithrbyt,fib itfultc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` lf ~u` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf8
~l` se ,ehsb udbhf,blfy ufyut, fh ufvjeulbfs7 bub bvfdt
ueylvf [tkf[kf eylf itfuljc8
~t` se ,ehsb udbhf,blfy ptlbptl ~ufvtjht,bs` ufvjfultc7
vcf]vf tc ufyut, lfhqdtdfl eylf xfsdfkjc lf lfvyf-
ifdt lfcf]jc8
123
~d` jhbdt at[bs8 gbhdtk-[fptkvf ,ehsc ths-,fifl
jhb at[b fh eylf lfrhfc8 vtnbw7 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc
itult,fvlt lf vbc itvltufw7 vjsfvfitv vbofc ths-,fifl
fh eylf vjo.dbnjc jhbdt nthab8
~p` xfmwtdf8 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc itult,fvlt lf vbc itv-
ltufw7 gbhdtk-[fptkvf bct fh eylf lf[fhjc fy lfu-
hb[jc nfyb7 lf fhw vtnjmt lfobjc bct7 hjv fvbs
ithrbyt,f xfbmwtc8
~s` vcf]vf ithrbyt,bc yt,bcvbthb ufyut, xfmwtdf7 hjujhw
cf[bafsjl sfvfib7 vrfwhfl eylf fqrdtsjc8
~b` fotdf lf fvjltdyf8 ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc itult-
,fvlt lf vbc itvltufw7 gbhdtk-[fptkvf vtnjmt fh eylf
fobjc lf fhw ithrbyt,blfy fvjltdyjc7 hflufy tctw
cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
cfc]tkb5 ~t` - ~b` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
@_8) cf.jdtksfj frh'fkdt,b

~f` .dtkfc5 xfmwtdf8 vjsfvfitv ithrbyt,f ufyut, fh
eylf xffmwbjc8 vjhrbyfkb ufyut, fh eylf ofbmwtc fy
xfbve[kjc8 tc .dtkfathb cf[bafsjl sfvfibf8
~,` .dtkfc5 [tkbs sfvfib8 vjsfvfitv ithrbyt,fib
,ehsc [tkb fh eylf f[kjc lf fhw vboblfy at[t,bs
fbqjc8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~,` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf8
~u` .dtkfc5 ,ehsbc vjut,f8 vjhrbyfkb ,ehsbc
vjut,fc eylf twfljc v[jkjl nthabs fy at[bc mdtvj
yfobkbs8
124
~l` .dtkfc5 ufvjcekb ,ehsb8 ithrbyt,blfy ufvj-
cekb ,ehsb vjsfvfitv bm fqfh eylf lff,heyjc8
cfc]tkb5 ~u` - ~l` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf8
~t` .dtkfc5 ,ehspt lfwtvf8 vjsfvfit ithrbyt,blfy
ufvjvfdfk ~fy ufvjcek` ,ehsc fh eylf lffodtc8
~d` vtjht [fptkcf lf ahsfc5 udbhf,b8 se vjh-
rbyfkb gbhdtk [fpib fh lufc7 udbhf,ib v.jab ,ehsbs
fh eylf bsfvfijc8
~p` ) yjvthc5 at[bs sfvfib8 dblht ,ehsb ithrbyt-
,fibf7 ) yjvthvf vfc at[b fh eylf lffhn.fc8
~s` ) yjvthc5 [tkbc lfmytdf8 ) yjvthvf bctsb fhf-
athb eylf /myfc7 hfw vtnjmtc fabmht,byt,c7 hjv ,ehsb
ithrbyt,blfy ufvjcekbf vfiby7 hjwf bub ]thfw bmff8
~b` ) yjvthc5 ahsfpt lf.hlyj,f8 ) yjvthb vtnjmt
ahsbc vjhrbyfkc fh eylf lft.hlyjc8
zf,ert,b
~r` vbojkf8 ueylvf vtnjmtc ithrbyt,fib vbojkbs
erfy vtnh-yf[tdfhpt ~!7% vtnhpt` vtnfl fh eylf lf-
f[tdbyjc8
125
~k` ,ehsbc ufvjnfyf8 se ueylvf ,ehsb vjbuj lf
vfc ithrbyt,bc relib ~,jkjib` frjynhjkt,c7 bm vtnfl
fqfh eylf lff.jdyjc8
cfc]tkb5 ~r` - ~k` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf8
@_8!_ ithrbyt,bc lfchekt,f

~f` ,ehsb ufvjdblf8 se ,ehsb udbhf,bc ufhlf ith-
rbyt,bc yt,bcvbthb c[df flubkblfy ufvjdblf7 ithrbyt,f
lfchekt,ekbf8
~,` ktkjib itdblf8 ithrbyt,f ktkjib fh uh'tklt,f8
se ithrbyt,fib v.jab ,ehsb rfhbc [fppt fy vbc uflf-
qvflff7 ithrbyt,f lfchekt,ekbf lf fvltyfl7 ktkj-
ib ,ehsbc lfvbot,bs itvntdc ktkjc ufnfyf7 [jkj
lfvwdtkc - ktkjc lfwdf ite'kbf8
~u` ,jkj rfwb vjt[cyf8 ithrbyt,fib ,jkj rfwb
bc vjhrbyfkbf7 dbcb nthat,bw sfdbcb rfhbc [fpblfy
.dtkfpt f[kjf8 se bub ithrbyt,fc vjt[cyf lf [tkbs
fbqj vbc oby7 vbofpt lt,ekb ,ehsb7 ithrbyt,f lfc-
hekt,ekbf8
@_8! ! lfnhbfkt,f
~f` se ithrbyt,f )_ uhflecpt vtnfl lfnhbfklf ~vj-
,heylf`7 vcf]vf sfvfib eylf itfxthjc lf [tkf[fkb
ithrbyt,f lfybiyjc8
~,` tc ithrbyt,f eylf vjto.jc obyfc lfchekt,bc flubk-
pt7 jqjylfw rfhbc [fpblfy fhf-yfrkt, % vtnhpt8
f[fk ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc bc ueylb itfult,c7 dbyw vfc
obyfc itxtht,bcfc fh akj,lf7 [jkj se ,ehsb dthfdby
vjbuj - bc ueylb7 dbyw tc obyfib uffrtsf8
126
zf,ert,b
~f` ueylvf ithrbyt,f ufyut, fh eylf lffnhbfkjc8
se ,heyvf $% uhflecc vbfqobf7 vcf]vf sfvfib eylf it-
fxthjc8 se lfhnbfkt,f ufyut, fh vjv[lfhf7 vcf]b
itxtht,bc flubkpt [tkf[fk ithrbyt,fc lfybiyfdc8
@_8!@ sfvfi-ufht ithrbyt,fib

~f` ithrbyt,bc vjo.j,bc lhjc bv ueylbc ) yjvthb7 dbyw
,ehsc fh fult,c - eylf lflutc ithrbyt,bc bvfdt v[fhtc7
cflfw ,ehsbc itvult,b ) yjvthbf7 fy c[df vjsfvfit-
sfsdbc lflutybkb sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy lfb[bjc8
~,` sfvfi-ufht ) yjvhbcsdbc8 se ueylvf ithrbyt-
,fib ,ehsb vjbuj7 vbcb ) yjvthb sfvfi-ufhtsff7 se
jhbdt at[b ,ehsbc oby vfiby lfluf7 hjwf ,ehsb
]thfw ithrbyt,fibf8 se ) yjvthc ,ehsbc oby vfhnj
wfkb at[b elufc7 bub sfvfi-ufhts fhff8
~u` se ueylvf ithrbyt,fib ,ehsb vjbuj7 vtnjmbc ) yjvthb
sfvfi-ufhtsff7 se wfkb at[b ,ehsbc oby vfiby lfluf7
hjwf ,ehsb ]thfw ithrbyt,fibf8
~l` bv ueylbc ) yjvthb7 dbyw ithrbyt,fib ,ehsb dth vjbuj7
fh eylf uflfdbltc ithrbyt,bc bmtsf v[fhtc lf bm
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc oby lflutc8 tc [fpb ithrbyt,fib
xf,vek sfyf-ueyltksf ,jkj at[pt uflbc8
~t` bv ueylbc ) yjvthb7 dbyw ithrbyt,fib ,ehsb dth vjbuj7
fh eylf vjijhltc ithrbyt,fc lf sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc
127
oby lflutc8 tc [fpb ithrbyt,fib xf,vek sfyf-ueyltksf
,jkj at[pt uflbc8
~d` ) yjvhj,f yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf7 jqjylfw ueylc

sbsjtek ithrbyt,fib sbsj ) yjvthpt vtnb fh eylf
?.fdltc8
sfvfi-ufht ithrbyt,fib
s * u [fpb vem
fhf-vjhrbyfksfsdbc
% vtnhb
s * u [fpb vemb
) yjvhbcsdbc
s * u [fpb vemb
) yjvhbcsdbc
s * u [fpb ,fwb
,ehsb ) yjvhbcsdbc7 hjwf
,ehsbs fh sfvfij,c
% vtnhb
s * u [fpb ,fw
fhf-vjhrbyfksfsdbc
128
~p` sfvfi-ufht fhf-vjhrbyfksfsdbc8 se vjsf-
vfit ithrbyt,fib fh lufc lf fhw ) yjvthbf7 ithrbyt-
,bc lhjc sfvfi-ufhtsff7 se sfdbcb ueylbc sfvfi-ufhtc
[fpbc oby lfhxf fy uflfdblf8 tc [fpb rfhbc [fpbc
gfhfktkehbf lf ithrbyt,fib xf,veksf ,jkj at[pt
% vtnhbs erfy uflbc8
~s` se ,jkj at[b rfhbc [fppt fy vbc erfyff7 ) yjvhbcf lf
fhf-vjhrbyfksfsdbc sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb rfhbc [fpbf8
~b` pjpbyb8 ithrbyt,bc vjo.j,bc lhjc fhf-vjhrbyfkvf
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpbc erfy ufe]fy]kt,kbd eylf lfb[bjc8
se bub fct fh vjbmwf7 at[c bshtdc lf lfcfc]tkbf8
cfc]tkb5 ~d` - ~b` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf sfvfi-ufhtc
[fppt8
@_8!# zf,ersf otct,b rfwsf vfnxt,ib

rfdibhc zf,ersf ithrbyt,bc otct,bc itvjqt,f rfwsf
pjubths sfyhbuibw ite'kbf8
129
@ ! 8 cf]fhbvj lf
sfdbceafkb lfhn.vt,b
cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf vtnjmbc vbth otcbc

lfhqdtdbc ufvj7 vfhsfkb ueylbc cfcfhut,kjl bybiyt,f8
@!8! cfl bybiyt,f0

se otct,ib c[dfudfhfl fh othbf7 cf]fhbvj fy sfdbce-
afkb lfhqdtdbc flubkpt bybiyt,f8
@!8@ cfblfy cheklt,f0
~f` vjsfvfitv lfhn.vf eylf itfchekjc vbsbst,ekb
flubkblfy7 fy vfcpt eryblfy - gbhdfyltk flubkpt
ufvfdfk [fppt8
se lfhn.vbc flubkb vtnjmbc rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhbc
afhufkibf7 lfhn.vf lfhqdtdbc flubkbc gbhlfgbh7
fvfdt rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhpt cheklt,f8
~,` se ktkjib lfbybiyf7 lfhn.vf vjtlfyib7 itcf,fvbcb
rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhpt7 ~lfhqdtdbc` flubkbc gbhlfgbh
cheklt,f8
@!8# hjujh cheklt,f0
~f` lfhn.vbc itchekt,f ite'kbf yt,bcvbth vjsfvfitc lf
yt,bcvbthb [th[bs5 [tkblfy7 fhtrybs fy vboblfy8 ,ehsbc
lfhn.vf itb'kt,f at[bc yt,bcvbthb7 ve[kpt mdtvj yfob-
kbs7 vfuhfv fhf meckbs lf ve[kbs8
idblrfwf
~f` ,ehsbc lfhn.vf itb'kt,f [tkblfy fy fhtrybs7
vfuhfv fhf vboblfy8
130
~,` ve[kpt ,ehsbc frtyodkf lfhn.vfl fh bsdkt,f8
~u` lfvhn.vtkvf eylf ufvjb.tyjc bc ,ehsb7 hjvkbsfw
vfyfvlt sfvfij,lyty8 edfhubcb ,ehsbc ufvjwdkf itb'-
kt,f v[jkjl vcf]bc lfcnehbs8
cfc]tkb5 ~f` - ~u` se lfvhn.vtkbc ueylvf otcb lffh-
qdbf7 bvfdt flubkpt lfbybiyt,f ithrbyt,f lf vfcib
,ehsc vtnjmt itfult,c8
@!8$ lfvfnt,bsb gbhj,t,b

~f` cfvfubthj ithrbyt,f8 cf]fhbvjc fy sfdbceafkbc
vfubdhfl ueylc ite'kbf lffybiybyjc ithrbyt,f lf vfcib
~,` ufe]fy]kt,kbd8 se vcf]c fybiyf7 hjv lfhn.vfc
rfhib fgbht,c7 vjsfvfitv cf]fhbvj ths oesib eylf
itfchekjc8
ufyphf[dbc ufv;qfdyt,fl bsdkt,f cflufvbc fy mdbibc
vjnfyf7 fy lfhn.vbc flubkbc vjybidyf8
ubylfw ,ehsb lfhn.vfvlt ofbmwtc lf [tkf[kf lfcf.t-
yt,tkb uf[ltc7 lfvhn.vtkvf .dtkfathc vfbyw thsb
oesb eylf fv.jabyjc8
fv lhjbc ufcdkbc itvltu lfhn.vf ufemvlt,f lf bvfdt
flubkpt lfbybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc vtnjmt
itfult,c8
rfhib lfhn.vbc vcufdcfl7 .dtkf c[df lfhn.vfw
ufe]fy]kt,kbd eylf itchekltc8
idblrfwf
~,` rfhib lfhn.vf #_ ofvib eylf itchekltc8
131
~u` sdfk-cfxbyjl8 lfvhn.vtkvf ,ehsb sdfk-cfxbyjl
eylf lffhn.fc5 se [tkib ezbhfdc7 ,ehsb vntdfyc w[f-
lfl eylf vjijhltc7 lf se vbofpt ltdc - flubkb vjb-
yfwdkjc8
~l` ,ehsbc fenib uflfnfyf8 lfvhn.vtkc ,ehsbc
fenib lfhn.vf ite'kbf [tkblfy fy fhtrybs7 vfuhfv
fhf vboblfy8
~t` vjmvtlt,bc sfdbceakt,f8 lfvhn.vtkc ,ehsbc
lfhn.vf yt,bcvbth v[fhtc ite'kbf lf vbcbs [tkf[kf
sfvfibc eakt,fw itepqelfdfl fmdc8
~d` lfhn.vf ktkjlfy8 se cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb
lfhn.vbc itcfchekt,kfl vjsfvfitv erfy7 sfdbc
ktkjib lfb[bf7 vbcvf ueyltkvf rb ,by'ehfl sfvfibs
vtnjmtc ktkj fh uffnfybyf - cf]fhbvj ktkj xf-
bsdkt,f8
~p` emvfl ktkjib8 se cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb lfh-
n.vbc ktkjlfy itchekt,bc itltufl ,ehsb ktkjc
rbltpt fy erfyf [fppt uflfdblf7 fy rfhbc [fpbc uflf-
rdtsfvlt lfvwdtkvf emvfl fmwbf - vjtlfyib7 % vtnhpt7
bybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc itvntdb itfult,c8
~s` ,ehsbc erfy8 cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb lfhn.vbc
itchekt,bc lhjc lfvhn.vtkbc vstkb ueylb lfh-
n.vfvlt ,ehsbc erfy eylf b.jc8 ufvjyfrkbcbf vbob-
lfy lfhn.vbc lhjc ,ehsbc lfv.tyt,tkb8
~b` cohfafl itchekt,ekb lfhn.vf8 se cf]f-
hbvj fy sfdbceafkb bct cohfafl itcheklf7 hjv
lfvhn.vtkbc ueyltkt,b ,ehsbc oby xfhxyty7 bcbyb
sfvfi-ufhts .jaybcsdbc fh eylf lf]fhbvlyty8
132
fv vjsfvfitt,vf erfy-lf[tdf evfk eylf lfbo.jy lf
sfvfiib vj,heyt,fvlt fh ito.dbnjy8 fvfdt lhjvlt
bcbyb sfvfiib fh eylf xfthbjy8 tc t[t,f ueylbc .dtkf
vjsfvfitc - bvbc lf vbe[tlfdfl7 cfsfvfij fhbc ibu-
ybsff se ufhts8
~r` fv lhjc vjsfvfit sfvfiib vj,heyt,ekfl bsdkt,f7 se
55 cf]fhbvj fy sfdbceafkb lfhn.vbc itvchekt,kbc
erfy sfdfl xfdblf9
55 vfc ufecohj ,ehsbfyvf ueyltkvf fy
55 bv ueyltkvf7 dbyw lfhn.vbc itchekt,bcfc ,ehspt
erfy b.j8
~k` sfvfi-ufhts xfhxtybkb vjsfvfit sfvfiib vtnjmbc
dthfyfbhb vjmvtlt,bs dth vj,heylt,f8
cfc]tkb5 se otct,ib c[dfudfhfl fh othbf7 lfvh-
n.vtkb ueylbc vbth xfltybkb lfhqdtdbc ufvj bmdt
bybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc vtnjmt itfult,c8
@!8% cf]fhbvjlfy ujkbc ufnfyf

~f` cf]fhbvj lfhn.vblfy itb'kt,f ujkbc ufnfyf8
~,` se lfvhn.vtkvf vcf]c fybiyf7 hjv rfhib ehn.fvc7
cbn.df eylf itfchekjc8 ufyphf[dbc ufv;qfdyt,bc itv-
ltu lfvhn.vtkc vbcb uflfsmvf fqfh ite'kbf8 vcf]c
lfvhn.vtksfy ufyphf[dbc uflfvjovt,bc eakt,f fmdc8
~u` se lfvhn.vtkvf vcf]c fybiyf7 hjv rfhib ehn.fvc7
vtnjmt ueylb lfvhn.vtkbc vbth ufvjh,tybc lfo.t,b-
lfy ,ehsbcsdbc at[bc lfhn.vfvlt e'hfdfl7 [tkt,-
xfvjidt,ekb eylf blutc8
133
@ !8 %~ u`
~l` se lfvhn.vtkc vcf]bcsdbc fh eybiyt,bf7 hjv rfhib lfh-

n.vfc fgbht,lf7 vfuhfv fhtryb ufbnfyf7 ujkb bsdkt,f8
~t` se lfhn.vbc itchekt,bc lhjc vtnjmt ueylvf otcb
lffhqdbf7 vfuhfv ,ehsb rfhib ufdblf7 ujkb bsdkt,f
lf [tk-f[fkb ~ubylfw lfvfnt,bsb` lfhn.vf fqfh
bybiyt,f8
~d` lfvhn.vtkc ,ehsbc lf.tyt,f ite'kbf eiefkjl
vbofpt7 mdbifpt7 yf[th[pt fy rfdibhbc vbth vjojyt,ek
cflufvpt8
cfc]tkb5 se otct,ib c[dfudfhfl fh othbf7 lfvh-
n.vtkb ueylbc vbth xfltybkb lfhqdtdbc ufvj bmdt
bybiyt,f ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsc vtnjmt itfult,c8
134
@!8^ sfdbceafkblfy ujkb fh bsdkt,f
~f` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vblfy ujkbc ufnfyf fh itb'kt,f8
~,` sfdbceafkb lfhn.vbc itvchekt,tk ueylc fhtrybs
ujkbc ufnfyf v[jkjl vfc itvltu ite'kbf7 hfw ,ehsb
bctd emvb uf[lf7 ,ehsc vtnjmt itt[j fy vtnjmtv ,ehsb-
fyb it,jzf8 tc itpqeldf sfdbceafkbc yfwdkfl
fhxtek ithrbyt,fptw dhwtklt,f8
@!8* hf /myfc vtnjmt ueylvf cf]fhbvjcf lf

sfdbceafkbc lhjc
~f` erfy lfb[bjc8 vtnjmt ueylb sfdbcb rfhbc [fpbcrty

evfk eylf ufbmwtc lf erfy-lf[tdf ufyfuh'jc vfyfv7 cfyfv
55 lfhn.vbc flubkc ! _ vtnhbs fh lfijhlt,f9 fy
55 fh vbfqotdc sfdbc rfhbc [fpc7 se tc [fpb lfhn.vbc
flubkc ! _ vtnhpt yfrkt,flff lfijht,ekb8
~,` ufyfuh'jc erfy lf[tdf8 ubyl lfhn.vf itchek-
ltc lf lfvhn.vtkbc ueylbw ,ehsbs sfvfij,ltc7 vtnj-
mtv vfyfv eylf b[bjc erfy lf sfvfiib fh xfthbjc7 cfyfv
lfhn.vbc flubkc lflutybk vfy'bkpt fh lfijhlt,f8
~u` cohfafl itchekt,ekb lfhn.vf8 se lfh-
n.vf bct cohfafl itcheklf7 hjv vtnjmtc ufwkbc it-
cf'kt,kj,f dth vbtwf7 bub fh eylf lfbcf]jc8
thsb rbf7 dblht sfvfiib xft,vt,f7 vtnjmtv erfy-lf[tdf
eylf ufyfuh'jc ~,` ve[kbc sfyf[vfl fy vfyfv7 cfyfv
lfhn.vbc flubkc !_ vtnhbs lfijht,ekb ueyltkb fh
uflfecoht,c8
135
~l` [tkbc itikf8 vtnjmtv vfhsfk ueylc lfhn.vbc
lhjekfl itchekt,fib [tkb fh eylf iteifkjc lf
fhw upf iterhfc lfvhn.vtkc8 vtnjmtv lfvhn.vtkbc
ueylbcufy ijhc ufyut, fh eylf ofbqjc7 uflffuljc
fy at[bs lffhn.fc ,ehsb8
cfc]tkb5 vtnjmbc vbth otcbc lfhqdtdf bc]t,f

gbhdfyltkpt !_ vtnhbs oby lfybiyekb7 bvfdt nbgbc
f[fkb lfhn.vbs7 jqjylfw fvbcb flubkb vtnjmbc
rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhbc afhufkib dth bmyt,f8
fv f[fkb lfhn.vbc itchekt,f vfhsfkb ueylbc yt,bc-
vbth vjsfvfitc ite'kbf8
cf]fhbvjc lfvhn.vtkc eakt,f fmdc itwdfkjc
lfhn.vbc [th[b lf rfhibw rb lffhn.fc8
se [tk-f[fkb lfhn.vf lfbybiyf7 bub vfc itvltuqf eylf
itchekltc7 hfw vcf]vf f[fkb flubkb vbesbsf8
@!8( rbltd hf /myfc vtnjmtv sfdbceafkbc lhjc
~t` lfvhn.vtkpt sfdlfc[vf8 lflutybkb vfy'bkbs

erfy-lf[tdbc itvltu vtnjmt ueylbc vjsfvfitc ite'-
kbf vbtzhfc lfvhn.vtkc lf fh lffhn.vtdbyjc8
vtnjmtc sfdlfc[vf ite'kbf vfc itvltu7 hfw lfv-
hn.vtkb ,ehsbcrty ofdf8
~d` lfhn.vbc fh-lfyt,t,f8 se vtnjmt lfvhn.vtkc
sfdc lftc[f lf fh lffhn.vtdbyf7 lfhn.vf emvlt,f8
sfvfib sfdbceafkbc flubkpt7 ithrbyt,bs f[klt,f8
vfcib ,ehsc lfvhn.vtkbc vtnjmt ueylb itfult,c8
136
~p` ktkjlfy itchekt,ekb sfdbceafkb8 se
vjtlfyib lfybiyekb sfdbceafkbc itcfchekt,kfl
lfvhn.vtkvf erfy7 sfdbc ktkjib lfb[bf7 vtnjmt rb
sfdc lftc[f lf fh lffhn.vtdbyf7 %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f
bybiyt,f8 vfcib ,ehsc itvntdb ueylb itfult,c8
se otct,c bwfdc7 sfdbceafkbc ktkjlfy lfhn.vbc itv-
ltu vtnjmtc bm ,ehsbs sfvfib lf ktkjc ufnfyf ite'kbf8
~s` lfafht,f8 se vtnjmtv sfdbceafkc lffafhf7 sfvfib
uh'tklt,f8
@!8) ufvjzthf cf]fhbvjcf lf sfdbceafkbc

lhjc
~f` sfdbceafkbc lfvhn.vtkvf whe vj'hfj,f fh eylf
uffrtsjc8 se bub lfcfhn.vtkfl ufby'hf7 vtnjmtc sfd-
lfc[vf ite'kbf8
~,` se vcf]c vbfxybf7 hjv cf]fhbvjc fy sfdbceaf-
kbc lfvhn.vtkvf ueylvf vtnjmt otcbc lfhqdtdfpt
ufvjbzbhf7 [tk-f[fkb lfhn.vf fqfh eylf lfybiyjc
lf sfvfib uffuh'tkt,byjc8
137
@ @8 ktkjib
,ehsbc ktkjib lfvbot,f jhbdt ueylbc vjsfvfitc

ite'kbf8
se itvntdvf ,ehsb vtnjmbc ktkjib lffvbof7 vbc
ueylc ktkj ufnfybkfl tsdkt,f8
se lfvwdtkvf ,ehsb sfdbc ktkjib lffvbof7 vbc
ueylc ktkj lfwekfl tsdkt,f8
se lfvwdtkvf ,ehsb vbbqj lf fv lhjc wfkb at[b
rfhbc [fppt fy ktkjib elufc7 sfdbc ktkjib v.jafl
bsdkt,f8
@@8! ,ehsbc lfvbot,f

[lt,f jhb [th[bs5
~f` vjsfvfitv ,ehsb vbofc itf[j8 vjsfvfitc ,ehsb
[tkib tzbhf lf bub ktkjib vbofc itf[j8 zthf ybiyfdc
vntdy~t,`bs fy vrkfd~t,`bs akj,fc8
lfvbot,f
138
~,` vjsfvfit ,ehsc lffodf8 ,ehsb vbofpt b.j lf
vjsfvfit vfc lffodf vntdy~t,`bs7 vrkfd~t,`bs fy ptlf nfybc
obyf v[hbs - vewkblfy vj.jkt,ekb rbchbc xfsdkbs8
@@8@ ,ehsbc fqt,f
vboblfy ,ehsbc fqt,f lfvbot,f fhff8 vjsfvfitc
ite'kbf ktkjib vboblfy fbqjc ,ehsb lf ktkjibdt
c[dfufy lffvbojc8
@@8# itvntdbc vbth ,ehsbc lfvbot,f
~f` ktkj8 se sfvfiib v.javf ~b[bkt ! !8 otcb` itvntdvf
vjsfvfitv ,ehsb vtnjmbc ktkjib lffvbof7 ktkj
ufnfybkfl tsdkt,f8 fv lhjc cek thsbf7 ktkjib
,ehsb dby itbnfyf - itvntdvf se lfvwdtkvf8
~,` se ,ehsbfyvf itvntdvf ,ehsb ktkjib lffvbof lf bvfd-
lhjekfl ktkjc rblbc fy erfyf [fpc itt[j7 lfvwdtk
ueylc @@-lfy lfhn.vf thut,f8
@@8$ ktkjc ufnfybc c[df [th[t,b
~f` rfhbc [fppt lfvbot,f8 rfhbc [fpb ktkjc yfob-
kbf8 se itvntdvf vjsfvfitv ,ehsb vtnjmbc rfhbc [fppt
lffvbof7 ktkj ufnfybkfl tsdkt,f8
~,` 'tkbc 'bhib lfvbot,f8 rfhbc 'tkb lf vfcpt it-
vj[dtekb ifkbsf rfhbc [fpptf7 tc rb7 sfdbc v[hbd7 kt-
kjc yfobkbf8 se itvntdvf vjsfvfitv ,ehsb ~ifkbsb-
fyb` 'tkbc 'bhib lffvbof - bub ths-lhjekfl itf[j
vbofcf lf 'tkc - ktkj ufnfybkfl tsdkt,f8
~u` 'fkbcvbthb ktkj8 ithrbyt,f lf hfmb ktkjib
fqfh uh'tklt,f8 se vjtlfyib lfo.t,ekb ithrbyt,f
fy hfmb ktkjib uflfdblf lf ,ehsb rfhbc [fppt fy vbc
vbqvff - itvntdc vbcb lfvbot,bs ktkjc ufnfyf ite'kbf8
139
~l` bythwbekb ktkj8 se rfhbc [fpfvlt it,jztc7
vfuhfv ,ehsbfyvf itvntdvf bythwbbs7 thsb eo.dtnb
vj'hfj,bs vfbyw vbfqobf vtnjmbc ktkjvlt lf ,ehsb
lffvbof - ktkj ufnfybkfl tsdkt,f8
~t` ,jzdf rfhbc [fpsfy8 se vjsfvfit vtnjmbc rfhbc
[fpsfy it,jztc7 vfuhfv ktkjc vbodlf lf ,ehsb evfk
lffvbof rfhbc [fppt fy vbc vbqvf - ktkj ufnfybkfl
tsdkt,f8
~d` fv lhjc7 ptptekfl ~lujvtkf` vjsfvfit lfvwdtkc ite'-
kbf it,jzbkc ,ehsb [tkbs offhsdfc7 vfuhfv at[bc
lfhn.vf trh'fkt,f8
~p` fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt v.jab8 ubyl itvnt-
db fenib ~rbltpt` fy ktkjc rbltpt b.jc7 se ,ehsb
fh ezbhfdc - vtnjmbc ktkjib vbcb lfvbot,bs ktkjc
ufnfyf ite'kbf8
~s` cf]fhbvj ktkj8 se vtnjmbc v[hbd ,by'ehfl
sfvfibc ufhtit ueylb ktkjc etzdtkfl ufbnfylf7 fy
vfc ufbnfylf ertstc flubkpt - cf]fhbvj ktkj
bybiyt,f8
@@8$~ ,`
140
@@8$~ u`
@@8$~ p`
~b` cf]fhbvj ktkj rfhbc 'tkt,c ijhbc ufnfybkfl
bsdkt,f7 lfvwdtk ueylc rb ufhlfcf[dfpt lfafht,bc
eakt,f eyfhxeylt,f8
@@8% lfvwdtkbc vbth ,ehsbc lfvbot,f

~f` ktkjc lfwdf8 se lfvwdtkvf vjsfvfitv ,ehsb
sfdbc ktkjib lffvbof7 ktkj lfwekfl tsdkt,f8
~,` fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt v.jab8 ubyl lf-
vwdtkb fenib ~rbltpt` fy ktkjc rbltpt b.jc7 se
,ehsb fh ezbhfdc - sfdbc ktkjib vbcb lfvbot,bs
ktkjc lfwdf ite'kbf8
~u` 'tkbc 'bhib lfvbot,f8 rfhbc 'tkb lf vfcpt itvj-
[dtekb ifkbsf rfhbc [fpptf7 tc rb7 sfdbc v[hbd7 kt-
kjc yfobkbf8 se lfvwdtkvf vjsfvfitv ,ehsb ~ifkb-
sbfyb` 'tkbc 'bhib lffvbof - bub ths-lhjekfl itf[j
vbofcf lf 'tkc - ktkj lfwekfl tsdkt,f8
141
@@8^ ktkjib uflfcekb ithrbyt,f7 hfmb lf vjkb
se vjtlfypt lfo.t,ekb ithrbyt,f7 hfmb fy vjkb kt-
kjib uflfdblf lf ,ehsb rfhbc [fpptf fy vbc vbqvff -
lfvwdtkc vbcb lfvbot,bs ktkjc lfwdf ite'kbf8
@@8* ufyf[kt,f ktkjc lfwdbc itvltu
~f` se vtnjmbc ktkjib itvntdvf itfulj fy itbnfyf7 lf
bm ,ehsb emvb uf[lf bvbc ufvj7 hjv lfvwdtkvf lffvbof7
ktkjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fppt uflfdblf - @@-lfy
lfhn.vf bybiyt,f8
~,` se itvntdc vjtlfyib oby lfedfhlf fy uflffojlf7
,ehsb rb vtnjmbc ktkjib itdblf lf bm emvb uf[lf -
,ehsbc oby lfdfhlybc fy uflfojlt,bc flubkpt
ithrbyt,f bybiyt,f8
~u` se wtynhblfy fy @@-lfy lfhn.vbc itvltu ,ehsb
vjsfvfitsf ite[t,kbd itdblf vtnjmbc ktkjib7 bm rb
lfvwdtkvf lffvbof fy emvfl evfk fmwbf - lfvwdtk
ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
55 ithrbyt,f lffybiybyjc bv [fpbc wtynhib7 cfblf-
yfw lffhn.tc7 lf ,ehsb sfdfl itfuljc9 fy
~l` se lfvwdtkvf ,ehsb sfdbc ktkjib itbnfyf fy it-
fulj7 bm rb vbcvf ueylvf lffvbof lf otcb fh lfhqdtekf
- sfvfib ufyf[klt,f %-vtnhf ithrbyt,bs7 hjvtkbw
lfvbot,bc flubkbc gbhlfgbh vjto.j,f lf vfcib ,ehsc
itvntdb ueylb itfult,c8
142
~t` se ueylvf ,ehsb sfdbc ktkjib ufupfdyf7 bm rb lfvw-
dtkc lfhn.vfpt lfeafhtc lf ,ehsb emvb uf[lf -
itvntdc %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f ,ehsbc emvfl uf[ljvbc
flubkbc gbhlfgbh thut,f8
@@8( emvb ,ehsb ktkjc ufdkbs

se at[bs lfhn.vekb ,ehsb vtnjmbc ktkjc ufdkbs
ktkjc rbltpt fy erfyf [fppt uflfdblf - ufvjyfrkbcbf
rfhib ofhevfnt,tkb lfhn.vf7 ubyl vboblfy lf ubylfw
fhtrybs - lfvwdtk ueylc ite'kbf fbhxbjc jhblfy thsb5
55 lffhn.fc @@-lfy9 fy
55 lfhn.vbc flubkpt ithrbyt,f lffybiybyjc lf vfcib
@@8) lfvwdtkb sfdbc ktkjib

~f` se lfvwdtkc wfkb nthabc yfobkb sfdbc ktkjib
elufc7 bsdkt,f7 hjv bub jhbdt at[bs bmff8
~,` se sfdbc ktkjib v.javf vjsfvfitv vjtlyblfy fbqj
e'hfdb ,ehsb - ,ehsbc ktkjib itnfyf xftsdkt,f8
~u` se sfdbc ktkjib v.javf vjsfvfitv vjtlyblfy fbqj
vj'hfdb ,ehsb - ,ehsbc ktkjib fqt,f xftsdkt,f8
~l` se ktkjc erfyf [fpbc vbqvf wfkb fy jhbdt nthabs
v.javf vjsfvfitv ktkjlfy fbqj e'hfdb ,ehsb -
,ehsbc emvfl mwtdf xftsdkt,f8
~t` se ktkjc erfyf [fpbc vbqvf wfkb fy jhbdt nthabs
v.javf vjsfvfitv ktkjlfy fbqj vj'hfdb ,ehsb -
,ehsbc cfsfvfij fhbc ufhts fqt,f xftsdkt,f8
143
@@8!_ ,ehsfj,bc itath[t,f ktkjib
se ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit ktkjib bct lfbzbhtc ~uffrf-
dtc`7 hjv ,ehsc dth fvbot,c7 fy bmdt vjkbc vcufdcb
zblbkb ufbvfhsf - ,ehsb emvbf8
fv lhjc %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f bybiyt,f8 vfcib ,ehsc
itvntdb itfult,c8
@ @ 8 ! ! emvb ,ehsb ktkjib

~f` se ktkjc rblbc fy erfyf [fpt,c7 fy fvfs vbqvf hfvtc
fy dbyvtc itt[j - ,ehsb emvbf8
se ,ehsb ktkjib i t v n t d v f ueylvf itbnfyf7
lfvwdtkvf @@-lfy eylf lffhn.fc8
se ,ehsb ktkjib lfvwdtkvf ueylvf itbnfyf7
lfbybiyt,f %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsb
itvntdvf eylf itfuljc8
~,` se ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit ktkjc rblbc fy erfyf [fpt,c7
fy fvfs vbqvf vbofc itt[j - ,ehsb emvbf8
se ,ehsb ktkjib i t v n t d v f ueylvf itbnfyf7
lfvwdtkvf @@-lfy eylf lffhn.fc8
se ,ehsb ktkjib lfvwdtkvf ueylvf itbnfyf7
lfbybiyt,f %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f7 hjvtkibw ,ehsb
itvntdvf eylf itfuljc8
~u` se vjsfvfitv ktkj ufbnfyf fy lfbwdf7 ,ehsb emvbf8
144
vjsfvfit lfvbot,fvlt res[bc cfhc itt[j
@@8!@ ,ehsb fy vjsfvfit cfhc itt[j

se ,ehsb fy ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit itt[j fkfvc fy ~fkvbfy`
res[bc cfhc7 hjvtkbw lfcj,bkbf rfhbcf lf ktkjc
rblbc [fpsf7 fy erfyf lf ktkjc rblbc [fpsf uflfrdt-
sfpt7 lf c[dfahbd fenb fhff - ,ehsb uflfcekfl fh
bsdkt,f8 ufvjyfrkbcbf cfhbc 'bhib lfvbot,f8
@@8!# itvntdbc ~ithrbyt,bs lfcfc]tkb` lfhqdtdf
se itvntdvf vjsfvfitv ktkjib otcb bct lffhqdbf7 hjv
fvbcsdbc cfc]tkb ithrbyt,ff ~vfufkbsfl7 ,ehsb oby
lfedfhlf` - sfvfib f[klt,f lfhqdtdbc flubkbc gbh-
lfgbh lfybiyekb %-vtnhf ithrbyt,bs7 hjvtkibw
,ehsb lfvwdtkvf ueylvf eylf itfuljc8
@@8!$ lfvwdtkbc ~ithrbyt,bs lfcfc]tkb` lfhqdtdf
se lfvwdtkvf vjsfvfitv ktkjib otcb bct lffhqdbf7
hjv fvbcsdbc cfc]tkb ithrbyt,ff ~vfufkbsfl7 ,ehsb
oby lfedfhlf` - sfvfib f[klt,f lfhqdtdbc flubkbc
gbhlfgbh lfybiyekb %-vtnhf ithrbyt,bs7 hjvtkibw
,ehsb itvntdvf ueylvf eylf itfuljc8
145
@@8!% zjzvfyb lfvbot,bc ufvj
hjwf cfzjzvfyj bcff7 se ktkjib hjvtkvf ueylvf
lffvbof ,ehsb - sfvfib f[klt,f lfhqdtdbc flubkbc
gbhlfgbh lfybiyekb %-vtnhf ithrbyt,bs7 hjvtkibw
,ehsb itvntdvf ueylvf eylf itfuljc8
@@8!^ otcbc lfhqdtdf ktkjib

ktkjib vjv[lfhb yt,bcvbthb lfhqdtdf vjtlfypt xflt-
ybkbc vcufdcfl bc]t,f8 fct vfufkbsfl7 ktkjib ,eh-
sbc oby lfdfhlyfc fy uflfojlt,fc lfhqdtdbc flubkbc
gbhlfgbh lfybiyekb %-vtnhf ithrbyt,f vj.dt,f8
cfc]tkb5 se cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf ktkjib vjv[lfhb
lfhqdtdbc ufvjf lfcfybiyb7 bub vjtlfyib7 rfhbc [fpb-
lfy % vtnhpt7 lfhqdtdbc flubkbc gbhlfgbh bybiyt,f8
@@8!* eotcj,f lf egbhjl sfvfib ktkjib
~f` itvntdbc vbth upbc itrdhf8 se itvntdb ktkj-

ib sfdc lftc[f fy upf ufyut, iterhf lfvwdtkc7 dbyw
,ehsc tc-tcff at[b lffhn.f7 lfvwdtk ueylc ite'kbf
cf]fhbvj vjbs[jdjc
55 vjtlfypt7 sfdbcb rfhbc [fpblfy % vtnhpt7 lfhqdtdbc
flubkbc gbhlfgbh9 fy
55 ,ehsbc vbofpt lfwtvbc flubkpt8 se ,ehsb fenib
fy vjtlybc yfgbhpt lftwf7 cf]fhbvj bybiyt,f fenbc
[fpblfy !% vtnhpt7 ,ehsbc fenib ufcdkbc fy vbofpt
lfwtvbc flubkbc ufcodhbd8
146
ktkj emvlt,f lf cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf bybiyt,f7 se ,by'e-
hfl sfvfibc ufhtit itvntdb vfc dth ufbnfylf8
~,` lfvwdtkbc vbth ,by'ehfl sfvfib8 vcf]vf cf-
]fhbvj ktkj eylf lfybiyjc7 se lfvwdtkbc vbth
sfdbc ktkjib ,by'ehfl sfvfibc ufhtit itvntdb kt-
kjc etzdtkfl7 fy ertstc flubkpt ufbnfylf8
cf]fhbvj ktkj rfhbc 'tkt,c ijhbc ufnfybkfl
bsdkt,f7 lfvwdtk ueylc rb ufhlfcf[dfpt lfafht,bc
eakt,f eyfhxeylt,f8
se ,by'ehfl bsfvfif lf vtnjmtc ktkj fh uffnfybyf7
vcf]vf vjsfvfit cfsfvfij lhjbc !_ oesbs fy vfnxbc
,jkjvlt eylf uff'tdjc8
~u` c[dfudfhb ,by'ehfl sfvfib8 se vjsfvfitv
ktkjib ,by'ehfl bsfvfif bv lhjc7 hjwf sfvfib uf-
xtht,ekb b.j - cf]fhbvj lfbybiyt,f bm7 cflfw sfvfib
fv lfhqdtdbc ufhtit ufyf[klt,jlf8
147
fhct,bsb hf itbwdfkf0
ud8 otcb cfsfehb2fhcb [fk[ehb vbybiyt,f
!* #8!$~f` hjnfwbekb itwdkt,b itlb-ufvjlb=

@@ %8@ !%-oesf itcdtyt,f lfuh'tklf % oesbs
@# %8$ ufwltybkb lhj fvjeikbfs cbvekfwbf
#) (8%~f` vb.jkt,bs lfhqdtdf hjvkbc cfc]tkb0
$( !_8$~r` ie,ehb ,jzdf cf[bafsjl sfvfibf
*% !%8^~u` v,jzfdbc lfvmfit,b tctybw zbirhblfy
(! !^8$~,` [tkbs hfmbc itmvyfvlt ]fhbvf fqfhff
(* !*8$~d` vtnjmt vjkc ufvjtwfkf vfbyw uh'tklt,f
() !(8@ fkfkb ktkjib ehn.fv % vtnhblfy
)# !)8!~,` @@-ib itnfyf vjtlfyc dtqfh vjbut,
)) !)8@~d` cohfafl itvjult,f ityb ktkjcrtyfw
)) !)8% at[b rbltpt e'hfd-vj'hfdb ,ehsb
!_# !)8(~b` vbvqt,b @ vtnhpt fvult,bc vtnjmtw
!@) @_8!@~p` sfvfi-ufht ithrbyt,fib ,trt,b % vtnhpt
!#_ @!8@~,` ]fhbvf ktkjib ehn.fv % vtnhblfy
!$# @@8) ktkjlfy at[bc ufluvf e'hfd-vj'hfdb ,ehsb
!$% @@8!@ cfhbc it[t,f vfbyw ktkjf=
14.02.2011
148
ufycfpqdht,fyb
flubkpt ufvfdfkb ~ufdkt,ekb` [fpb7 serb cfgb-

hbcgbhj fh smvekf7 .jdtksdbc fenbc [fpbc gfhfktkehbf8
!_-vtnhbfyb sfvfi-ufht - otcb !!
fkfkb ~fkfkfl lfzthf` - otcb !(
fht ~cfsfvfij` - otcb !
fhtryb~s lfhn.vf` - ,ehsc [tkbs 'bhc lffult,ty lf
vboblfy gbhdtkb fhtrybcfc lffhn.fvty at[c8
fenbc ~rblbc` [fpb - otcb !
fotdf - otcb !)
f[kjc ybiyfdc thsb vtnhbc afhufkib8
,by'ehfl sfvfib - otcb !_
,jkj at[b ithrbyt,fib7 hfmib lf vjkib xf,vekb
,jkj ueyltkbc bc at[bf7 hjvtkbw vbcb ktkjlfy .dtkf-
pt f[kjf8
,jzdf - otcb !%
,ehsbfyb bc vjsfvfitf7 dbcfw ,ehsb ezbhfdc8
,ehsb sfvfiblfy ufdblf7 se sfdfl ,ehsb fy
,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit fenib fy ktkjc rbltpt uflfdblf7
ktkjc erfyf [fpc itt[j fy tc [fpb uflfrdtsf8
,ehsbc sfvfib ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfit ,ehsc itt[j8
,eh]b gbhdtkb [fpbc ufyfgbhf vjhrbyfkbf8
149
uflff,b]f ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfit [fpc wfkb fy jhbdt
nthabs uflfwlf8 [fpb itb'kt,f b.jc yfvldbkb ~rfhbcf`
fy ofhvjcf[dbsb ~sfvfi-ufhtcb`8
uflfqvf7 erfy7 oby ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfit cfsfyf-
lj flubkpt jhbdt at[bsff ~se fvbs efphj,f fh ufvjlbc`
uflfojlt,f ~gfcb` vfibyff7 hjwf vjsfvfitv c[dfc
,ehsb [tkbs uflfeulj lf vfibyfw7 hjwf ,ehsb en.jh-
wytkfl uflfcwf8
ufvjwdkf - otcb #
ufhlfcf[df - otcb )
ufhtvj ~cfsfvfij` - otcb !
upbc itrdhf - otcb !_
ujkb ~rfhib ufnfyf` vjsfvfitv ujkb ufbnfyf7 se
vjtlfypt .jaybcfc ,ehsb vboblfy fy fhtrybs lffhn.f lf
,ehsvf vtnjmbc rfhbc 'tkt,c ijhbc lf [fhb[bc ptvjs
ufbfhf8 wtynhblfy7 @@-lfy lf sfdbceafkb lfhn.vblfy uf-
nfybkb ujkb fh bsdkt,f8
ueyltkb ~sfyf-ueyltkb` vjsfvfibc ueylbc c[df ot-
dhbf8
lfvbot,f - otcb @@
lfv.tyt,tkb bc vjsfvfitf7 dbcfw vbofpt ,ehsb [t-
kbs bvbcsdbc ezbhfdc7 hjv ueyltkvf at[bs lffhn.fc8
lfvwdtkb ueylb bubf7 dbyw sfvfibc lhjc vjtlybc
cfresfh ~sfdbc` yf[tdfhptf8
lfhn.vf ~,ehsbcf` cheklt,f at[bc yt,bcvbthb7
ve[kpt mdtvj yfobkbs7 jqjyl cfreshbd ve[kbcf lf mec-
150
kbc ufvjrkt,bs8 lfhn.vbc itltufl ,ehsb [tkbc vntdfyc
eylf vjo.ltc7 fy vbofpt sdfk-cfxbyjl uflfflubkltc8
lf'dhf - otcb !)
lthtafyb - otcb !)
lhjt,bs uf'tdt,f ~cby,byb` - otcb !_
ptlbptl lfhqdtdf - otcb !_
sfdbceafkb lfhn.vf bybiyt,f vfhsfkb ueylbc
cfcfhut,kjl7 vtnjmbc vbth otcbc lfhqdtdbc ufvj8
sfvfi-ufht ~ja-cfblb` - otcb !!
sfvfi-ufhtc [fpb ofhvjcf[dbsbf8 bub thsb fenbc
[fpblfy vtjhtvlt7 vjtlybc vstk cbufytpt7 rfhbc [fpt,bc
gfhfktkehfl uflbc8 vbcb pecnb vlt,fhtj,f wfkrtekb
otct,bs ufybcfpqdht,f8
sfvfiib ~jy-cfblb` - otcb !!
sfyf-vcf]b ~rblbc vcf]b` - otcb ^
rfdibhb vfnxbc vtehdt vvfhsdtkb ufthsbfyt,ff8
yfrht,sf vfnxbcsdbc bubf cfthsfijhbcj cf,zj ~bh,` fy vbcb
hjvtkbvt rjvbntnb8
rfgbnfyc ueylb ybiyfdc8 vjsfvfitsfufy v[jkjl bub
tsfs,bht,f vcf]c lf ths-gbhjdyekflff gfce[bc-vut,tkb
vcf]bc pjub uflfo.dtnbkt,bc lhjc fhxtdfybc ufrtst,fpt8
rfhbc [fpb - otcb !
rblt - otcb !)
ktkj - otcb @@
ktkjc ufnfyf - otct,b ) lf @@
151
ktkjc lfwdf - otcb @@
ktkjc rblbc [fpb - otcb !
ktkjc erfyf [fpb - otcb !
vbvqt,b - otcb !)
vboblfy lfhn.vbc oby ,ehsc cfufyut,jl fvbcsdbc
vbofpt lt,ty8
vjtlfyb - otcb !
vjkb - otcb !*
vjojlt,f - fenblfy ,ehsbc uflvjult,f8
vcf]b - otcb ^
v[tlhekb - otcb !_
jhufybpfnjhb ~vjvo.j,b` bc ufthsbfyt,ff7 hjvtk-
cfw vfnxbc ufvfhsdf f,fhbf8 bub itb'kt,f b.jc hfu,bc
rfdibhb7 rfdibhsf ]ueab lf htubjyekb jhufybpfwbf8
@@ ~jwlf jhb` - otcb !
@@-lfy lfhn.vf - otcb !#
gbhdtk-[fptkb - ithrbyt,bc obyf [fpbc otdhb5
vfhw[tyf ,eh]b7 ?emthb ~rdfzb` fy vfh]dtyf ,eh]b8
hfmb - otcb !^
cf[bafsjl sfvfib - otcb !_
cf]fhbvj ujkb - otcb )
cf]fhbvj lfhn.vf bybiyt,f vfhsfkb ueylbc cf-
cfhut,kjl7 vtnjmbc vbth otcbc lfhqdtdbc ufvj8
cf]fhbvj ktkj - otcb !_
152
cbc[kltyf - otcb #
cjkehb - otcb !_
cohfafl itvjult,f - otcb !)
emvb vfibyff ,ehsb7 se bc cfsfvfij fhblfy ufdblf7
vcf]vf sfvfibc itxtht,bc ybiyfl lfecndbyf fy ufhlfcf[df
lffhn.tc8
akj,f ~,ehsbcf` ybiyfdc7 hjv vjsfvfitc ,ehsb
[tk~t,`bs ezbhfdc7 fy ,ehsc ueylb frjynhjkt,c8 vfuf-
kbsfl7 ueylb ,ehsc akj,c7 se bub ithrbyt,fib fy hfmib
vbc v[fhtcff8
ahsf ~akfyrthb` - vjhrbyfkb7 xdtekt,hbd ^ fy *
yjvthb8
itult,f - ithrbyt,fib ,ehsbc itult,f ~itujht,f`
itrdhf ybiyfdc c[df vjsfvfibcsdbc vstkb vrkfdbc
~v[hblfy vntdyfvlt` vrdblhfl vj[dtdfc7 v[hblfy ufdfvlt yt-
,bcvbth ljytpt8
itvntdb ueylb bubf7 dbyw sfvfibc lhjc vtnjmbc
yf[tdfhptf8
ithrbyt,f - otcb @_
itcdtyt,f iefktlbf vfnxbc jh nfbvc ~yf[tdfhc` ijhbc8
itwdkf - otcb #
ijhc uflvjult,f - otcb !)
ief [fpb - lthtafyib otcb !)7 ithrbyt,fib otcb @_
wtynhblfy lfhn.vf ~lfo.t,f` - otcb !#
153
whe ithrbyt,f xdtekt,hbdbcufy bvbs ufyc[dfdlt,f7
hjv vfcib ,ehsbcsdbc fh b,h'dbfy9 ,ehsb itvult,vf uey-
lvf eylf vjbujc lf vbojkfw frh'fkekbf8
) yjvthb bc vjsfvfitf7 dbyw ithrbyt,fib ,ehsc fult,c8
'fkbcvbthb ktkj - otcb @@
obkbc .hf - otcb ^
oby ybiyfdc vtnjmt ueylbc ktkjc erfyf [fpbcrty8
oby uflfojlt,f ~,ehsbcf` - otcb !@
oby lfdfhlyf ~,ehsbcf` - otcb !@
[tbhb ~egbhfntcj,f` - otcb (
[tkblfy lfhn.vbc lhjc ,ehsc [tkc ufeidt,ty
lf at[c vbobc it[t,fvlt lffhn.fvty8
[tkbc rdhf bktsbf - ,ehsbfyb vjsfvfit vtnjmtc
ufikbk vntdfyc ~[tkbc uekc` itfut,t,c8
?emthb ~rdfzb` ithrbyt,bc obyf [fpbc ief vjsfvfitf8
154
cfvfnxj hfpvb
match squad vfx cmdjl
,trt,b ~erfyf [fpb` ajhdfhlt,b ~ithrbyt,f`
backs (back-line) ,tmc ~,tm-kfby` forwards (pack) Fjdflp ~atm`
lfvo.t,b ! % -tekb * run-on xv hfy-jy FbFsby
15 aek,trb 1 vfhw[tyf ,eh]b
full-back Fek-,tm loose-head prop kep-/tl ahja
14 vfh]dtyf ahsf 2 rdfzb ~/emthb`
right wing hfbs dbyu hooker, rake /emf7 htbm
13 iefvfh,b 3 vfh]dtyf ,eh]b
outside centre, three-quarter tight-head prop sfbs-/tl ahja
fescfbl ctysf7 chb-mdjsf 4 ~obyf` v[njvtkb
12 vtjht vutpfdb lock (front) jumper
inside centre, second five-eight kjm7 Fhfys ]fvaf
bycfbl ctysf7 ctmjyl Ffbd-tbs 5 ~ief` v[njvtkb
11 vfhw[tyf ahsf lock (middle) jumper
left wing ktFs dbyu kjm7 vblk ]fvaf
10 gbhdtkb vutpfdb 6 vfh,btkb
pivot, fly-half, stand-off, break-away, blind-side flanker
out-half, first five-eight ,htbm-tdtb7 ,kfbyl-cfbl Fktymf
abdjs7 Fkfb-/fd7 cstyl-jF7 7 vqktntkb
fes-/fd7 Ftcs Ffbd-tbs fetcher, open-side flanker
9 /fd,trb Ftxf7 jeaty-cfbl Fktymf
half-back, scrum-half 8 vfh,btkb7 itvrdhtkb
/fd-,tm7 cmhfv-/fd eightman, No (number) 8, loosie
tbsvty7 yfv,f tbs7 kepb
15 14 11 erfyf cfvtekb 1 2 3 gbhdtkb ~obyf` [fpb

back three ,tm chb front row Fhfys hje
13 12 10 wtynhb 1 2 3 4 5 obyf [estekb
mid-field vbl-Fbkl front five Fhfys Ffbd
10 9 qth'b 6 7 8 vtcfvt [fpb
axis tmcbc back row ,tm hje
vfhmfaf bench ,tyx ~cfsflfhbujyb reserves hbptdp`

22 erfyf ,trb (15 14 11) 21 ief ,trb (13 12 10) 20 /fd,trb
16 rdfzb7 17 ,eh]b7 18 v[njvtkb7 19 vfh,btk-vqktntkb
155
vcf]bc
;tcnt,b
;tcnt,b vcf]c
vjsfvfitt,sfy
lf vf.eht,-
kt,sfy
ehsbthsj,fc
efldbkt,c8 !8 ]fhbvf @8 sfdbceafkb
#8 ktkj= $8 [tbhb fv ueylc %8 ithrbyt,f
^8 itthrbyts= *8 oby gfcb (8 oby lfedfhlfs
156
)8 ,ehsc !_8 it,jzbkc !!8 ,jzdbc flubkc
dth ittkbf fh vjtidf fh uftwfkf
!@8 ,jzdfpt !#8 ofmwtekc !$8 ,jzdfpt

udthlblfy itdblf ufyut, lffodf lf.dbysf
!%8 hfmib ,ehsb !^8 vjkib ,ehsb !*8 ,jkj at[bc

xfb[ehf ufeztltc oby
157
!)8 ,eh]vf @_8 ,eh]vf
!(8 vjkb xffmwbtc vtnjmt lfobf vtnjmt vjobf
@!8 ithrbyt,f @@8 /emthvf @#8 sfdbcrty

lfnhbfklf at[b fobf itfujhf
@%8 hfmib @^8 lthtafyib

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158
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ØÀÒÈÖË - ÉÍÂËÉÓÖÒÉ
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* ÈÀÌÀÛÉÓ ßÄÓÄÁÉ The Laws ÆÉ ËÏÆ
* ×ÄÒÄÁÉ colours ØÀËÀÆ

ßÉÈÄËÉ red ÒÄÃ
ÚÅÉÈÄËÉ gold ÂÏÖËÃ
ÌßÅÀÍÄ green ÂÒÉÍ
ËÖÒãÉ blue ÁËÖ
ÈÄÈÒÉ white ÅÀÉÈ
ÛÀÅÉ black ÁËÄØ
* ÈÅËÀ 1-ÃÀÍ 23-ÌÃÄ ÍÏÌÒÄÁÉÓ ÓÀÈØÌÄËÀÃ

ÄÒÈÉ one ÅÀÍ
ÏÒÉ two ÈÖ
ÓÀÌÉ three ÓÒÉ
ÏÈáÉ four FÏÒ
áÖÈÉ five FÀÉÅ
ÄØÅÓÉ six ÓÉØÓ
ÛÅÉÃÉ seven ÓÄÅÄÍ
ÒÅÀ eight ÄÉÈ
ÝáÒÀ nine ÍÀÉÍ
ÀÈÉ ten ÈÄÍ
ÈÄÒÈÌÄÔÉ eleven ÉËÄÅÄÍ
ÈÏÒÌÄÔÉ twelve ÈÅÄËÅ
ÝÀÌÄÔÉ thirteen ÓÄÒÈÉÍ
ÈÏÈáÌÄÔÉ fourteen FÏÒÈÉÍ
ÈáÖÈÌÄÔÉ fifteen FÉFÈÉÍ
162
ÈÄØÅÓÌÄÔÉ sixteen ÓÉØÓÈÉÍ
ÜÅÉÃÌÄÔÉ seventeen ÓÄÅÄÍÈÉÍ
ÈÅÒÀÌÄÔÉ eighteen ÄÉÈÉÍ
ÝáÒÀÌÄÔÉ nineteen ÍÀÉÍÈÉÍ
ÏÝÉ twenty ÈÅÄÍÈÉ
ÏÝÃÀ ÄÒÈÉ twenty-one ÈÅÄÍÈÉ ÅÀÍ
ÏÝÃÀ ÏÒÉ twenty-two ÈÅÄÍÈÉ ÈÖ
ÏÝÃÀ ÓÀÌÉ twenty-three ÈÅÄÍÈÉ ÓÒÉ
* ÌÏÄÃÀÍÉ ground ÂÒÀÖÍÃ

ÖÓÀ×ÒÈáÏ safe ÓÄÉF
áÀÆÉ line ËÀÉÍ
áÀÆÄÁÉ markings ÌÀÒØÉÍÂÆ
* ÊÀÒÉ goal ÂÏÖË

ÞÄËÉ post ×ÏÖÓÈ
áÀÒÉáÀ crossbar ØÒÏÓÁÀÒ
ÃÀÌÝÀÅÉ ÛÀËÉÈÀ padding ×ÄÃÉÍÂ
* ÁÖÒÈÉ ball ÁÏË
* ÊÅÀÒÈÉ (ÌÀÉÓÖÒÉ) shirt ÛÄÒÈ

áÄËÈÀÈÌÀÍÉ mitts ÌÉÈÓ
ÃÀÌÝÀÅÉ ÓÀÌÏÓÉ pads ×ÄÃÆ
ÂÀÌÀÓÉÍãÄÈ ÁÖÝÄÁÉ let me to inspect studs
ËÄÈ ÌÉ ÈÖ ÉÍÓ×ÄØÈ ÓÈÀÃÆ
* ÛÄÝÅËÀ change ÜÄÉÍã

ÌÀÒØÀ×À bench ÁÄÍÜ
ÓÀÈÀÃÀÒÉÂÏ reserve ÒÉÆÄÅ
ÛÄÌÝÅËÄËÉ sub(stitute) ÓÀÁ(ÓÈÉÈÉÖÈ)
replacement ÒÉ×ËÄÉÓÌÄÍÈ
ÓÉÓáËÉ blood ÁËÀÃ
163
* ÌÓÀãÉ ref(eree) ÒÄ×(ÄÒÉ)
ÊÉÃÉÓ ÌÓÀãÉ touch judge ÈÀÜ ãÀã

ÈÀÍÀ-ÌÓÀãÉ assistant ref ÄÓÉÓÈÄÍÈ ÒÄ×
ÃÒÏÛÀ flag FËÄÂ
ÓÀÓÔÅÄÍÉ whistle ÅÉÓË
ÓÀÀÈÉ clock ØËÏØ
ßÉËÉÓÚÒÀ toss ÈÏÓ
ÃÒÏÓ ÅÖÌÀÔÄÁ time on ÈÀÉÌ ÏÍ
ÌÏÒÜÀ ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ half time äÀÅ ÈÀÉÌ
ÛÄÓÅÄÍÄÁÀ interval, break ÉÍÈÄÅÀË, ÁÒÄÉØ
ÌÏÒÜÀ ÈÀÌÀÛÉ full time FÖË ÈÀÉÌ
* áÄÉÒÉ(ÖÐÉÒÀÔÄÓÏÁÀ) advantage ÄÃÅÀÍÈÉã

áÄÉÒÉ, ßÉÈËÄÁÏ! advantage, red! ÄÃÅÀÍÈÉã, ÒÄÃ!
áÄÉÒÉ ÂÒÞÄËÃÄÁÀ still advantage ÓÈÉË ÄÃÅÀÍÈÉã
áÄÉÒÉ ÃÀÓÒÖËÃÀ advantage over ÄÃÅÀÍÈÉã ÏÅÀ
ÀÁÀ, ÒÀ áÄÉÒÉ ÂÀØÅÈ! no advantage ÍÏÖ ÄÃÅÀÍÈÉã
* ËÄËÏ! try ÈÒÀÉ

ÓÀãÀÒÉÌÏ ËÄËÏ penalty try ×ÄÍÀËÈÉ ÈÒÀÉ
"22"ÃÀÍ ÂÀÍÀáËÄÁÀ drop out ÃÒÏ× ÀÖÈ
5-ÌÄÔÒÀ ÛÄÒÊÉÍÄÁÀ scrum five ÓØÒÀÌ FÀÉÅ
ÂÀÒÃÀÓÀáÅÀ conversion ØÏÍÅÄÒÛÄÍ
ÁÖÒÈÉÓ ÓÀÃÂÀÌÉ kicking tee ØÉØÉÍÂ ÈÉ
ÄÒÈÉ ßÖÈÉ one minute ÅÀÍ ÌÉÍÉÈ
ÝÄÍÔÒÉÃÀÍ ÃÀßÚÄÁÀ kick off ØÉØ ÏF
ÀÒÄÊÍÉ drop kick ÃÒÏ× ØÉØ
* ÁËÏÊÉ obstruction ÏÁÓÈÒÀØÛÄÍ

ÜÀÒÁÄÍÉ crossing ØÒÏÓÉÍÂ
ÃÒÏ ÍÖ ÂÀÂÚÀÅÈ too slow ÈÖ ÓËÏÖ
ÃÀßÉáËÅÀ stomping ÓÈÏÌ×ÉÍÂ
164
ÀÈÉ ßÖÈÉÈ ÂÀÃÉ! sin bin ÓÉÍ ÁÉÍ
ÓÖË ÂÀÃÉ! you are off! ÉÖ ÀÒ ÏF
ÊÉÓÄÒÛÉ ÁÏàÅÀ high tackle äÀÉ ÈÄØË
ÓÀáÉ×ÀÈÏ dangerous ÃÄÍãÄÒÏÆ
äÀÄÒÛÉ in the air ÉÍ ÆÉ ÄÀÒ
áÌÀ! ÊÒÉÍÔÉ! shut up! ÛÀÈ À×
ÀØÀ ÈÖ ÉØ (ÀÒÜÄÅÀÍÉ) here or there (choice) äÉÀ Ï ÆÄÀ (ÜÏÉÓ)
* ÈÀÌÀÛ-ÂÀÒÄ offside ÏFÓÀÉÃ

ÀÈÉ ÌÄÔÒÉ ten metres ÈÄÍ ÌÉÈÀÆ
ÖÊÀÍ ÃÀÉáÉÄÈ ÀÈÉÈ! back ten ÁÄØ ÈÄÍ
ÆÏÆÉÍÀ lazy runner ËÄÉÆÉ ÒÀÍÀ
* ÂÀÍÀÂÒÞÄÈ! play on ×ËÄÉ ÏÍ

ßÉÍ ÃÀÖÅÀÒÃÀ knock on ÍÏØ ÏÍ
ÖÊÀÍ ÃÀÖÅÀÒÃÀ knocked back ÍÏØÃ ÁÄØ
ßÉÍ ÐÀÓÉ forward (pass) FÏ(Ò)ÅÀÒÃ (×ÀÓ)
ÃÀÖ×ÀÒÀ charged down ÜÀÒãÃ ÃÀÖÍ
ÐÀÓÆÄ ÜÀÖÊÒÀ áÄËÉ tapped forward ÈÄ×Ã FÏ(Ò)ÅÀÒÃ
* ÁÏàÅÀÆÄ at tackle ÄÈ ÈÄØË
ÂÀÖÛÅÉ áÄËÉ! hands off äÄÍÃÆ ÏF

ÂÀÖÛÅÉ ÁÖÒÈÓ! release (ball) ÒÉËÉÆ (ÁÏË)
ÌÁÏàÀÅÏ, ÌÏÛÏÒÃÉ! tackler away ÈÄØËÀ ÄÅÄÉ
ßÀÌÏÃÄØÉÈ! stand up ÓÈÄÍÃ À×
ÈØÅÄÍ ÌáÀÒÄÓ ÉÃÄØÉÈ! stay on ÓÈÄÉ ÏÍ
ÂÀÃÀáÉÃÄÁÀ bridging ÁÒÉãÉÍÂ
ÌÏÓáÄÐÅÀ sealing ÓÉËÉÍÂ
ÜÀßÏËÀ (ÃÀáÔÏÌÀ) diving ÃÀÉÅÉÍÂ
ÌÉßÀÆÄ (ÂÄÌÁÀÍÆÄ) on the deck ÏÍ ÆÉ ÃÄØ
ÂÅÄÒÃÉÃÀÍ from the side FÒÏÌ ÆÉ ÓÀÉÃ
àÉÛÊÀÒÉ (àÉÛÊÒÉÃÀÍ) (thru) gate (ÓÒÖ) ÂÄÉÈ
165
ÀÒ ÌÏÛÏÒÃÀ not rolling away ÍÏÈ ÒÏËÉÍÂ ÄÅÄÉ
ÁÖÒÈÓ ÀÒ ÂÀÖÛÅÀ not releasing ÍÏÈ ÒÉËÉÆÉÍÂ
* ÒÀØÉ ruck ÒÀØ

ÒÀØÉÀ! ÖáÄËÄÁÏÃ! ruck! no hands ÒÀØ! ÍÏÖ äÄÍÃÆ
ÁÖÒÈÉ ÂÀÌÏÅÉÃÀ ball out ÁÏË ÀÖÈ
ÒÀØÉ ÌÏÒÜÀ ruck over ÒÀØ ÏÅÀ
ÁÏËÏ ×ÄáÉ last feet ËÀÓÈ FÉÈ
áÄËÉ ÒÀØÛÉ handling äÄÍÃËÉÍÂ
ÂÀÃÀÚÒÀ (ÌÏÊÒÉÀËÄÁÀ) clean up ØËÉÍ À×
ÚÀÒÀÖËÉ sentinel ÓÄÍÈÉÍÄË
* ÌÏËÉ maul ÌÏË

ÂÀÌÏÉÔÀÍÄÈ! use it ÉÖÆ ÉÈ
ÁÖÒÈÉ ÂÀÂÉàÄÃÄÓ turned over ÈÄÍÃ ÏÅÀ
ÜÀØÝÄÅÀ collapse ØÏËÄ×Ó
ÓÀÔÅÉÒÈÏ ÃÀ ÌÉÓÀÁÌÄËÉ truck & trailer ÈÒÀØ ÄÍÃ ÈÒÄÉËÀ
* ÀËÀËÉ! mark ÌÀ(Ò)Ø

ÈÀÅÉÓÖ×ÀËÉ free kick FÒÉ ØÉØ
* ÀÖÔÉ touch ÈÀÜ

ËÄËÏÓ ÊÉÃÄÆÄ touch in goal ÈÀÜ ÉÍ ÂÏÖË
* ÃÄÒÄ×ÀÍÉ line out ËÀÉÍ ÀÖÈ

ÌÏßÏÃÄÁÀ throw in ÓÒÏÖ ÉÍ
ÓßÒÀ×ÀÃ quick ØÅÉØ
ÀÃÒÄ ÃÀÀáËÏÅÃÉÈ closing gap ØËÏÖÆÉÍÂ ÂÄ×
ÀßÄÅÀ lifting ËÉFÈÉÍÂ
ÃÀãÀáÄÁÀ barging ÁÀÒãÉÍÂ
áÄËÉÓ ÊÅÒÀ pushing ×ÖÛÉÍÂ
ÌÉÌÙÄÁÉ (9 ÍÏÌÄÒÉ) receiver ÒÉÓÉÅÀ
166
* ÛÄÒÊÉÍÄÁÀ ßÉÈËÄÁÓ scrum red ÓØÒÀÌ ÒÄÃ
ÐÉÒÅÄËÉ áÀÆÉ front row FÒÀÍÈ ÒÏÖ
ÁÖÒãÉ prop ×ÒÏ×
ÊÅÀàÉ hooker äÖØÀ
ÛÄÊÅÒÀ binding ÁÀÉÍÃÉÍÂ
ÃÀÉáÀÒÄÈ, ÛÄÄáÄÈ, ÚÏÅÍÉ, ÛÄÄàÉÃÄÈ!

crouch, touch, pause, engage
ØÒÀÖÜ, ÈÀÜ, ×ÏÆ, ÉÍÂÄÉã
ÀÒ ÌÏÄáÓÍÀÈ! stay bound ÓÈÄÉ ÁÀÖÍÃ

ÀÃÒÄ early ÄÒËÉ
9 ÍÏÌÄÒÉ halfback äÀÅÁÄØ
ÛÄÀÂÏÒÄ! put in ×ÖÈ ÉÍ
ÛÖÀÛÉ ÀÒ ÛÄÀÂÃÄ! not straight ÍÏÈ ÓÈÒÄÉÈ
ÃÀÔÒÉÀËÃÀ wheeled ÅÉËÃ
ÝÒÖ ÛÄÒÊÉÍÄÁÀ uncontested scrum ÀÍØÏÍÈÄÓÈÉÃ ÓØÒÀÌ
ÍÖ ÌÉÀßÅÄÁÉÈ! no pushing! ÍÏÖ ×ÖÛÉÍÂ
* ãÀÒÉÌÀ penalty ×ÄÍÀËÈÉ

ÊÀÒÛÉ at goal ÄÈ ÂÏÖË
* ËÄËÏ (ÀÃÂÉËÉ) in goal ÉÍ ÂÏÖË

ÃÀÌÉßÄÁÀ grounding ÂÒÀÖÍÃÉÍÂ
ËÄËÏÛÉ ÛÄÉÔÀÍÀ carried over ØÄÒÉÃ ÏÅÀ
ÃÀÒÔÚÌÖËÉ ÂÀÃÀÝÃÀ kicked dead ØÉØÃ ÃÄÃ
ÅÄÒ ÃÀÃÄÈ! held up äÄËÃ À×
ËÄËÏÓ ÖÊÀÍÀ áÀÆÉ dead ball line ÃÄÃ ÁÏË ËÀÉÍ
+
ÖÍÄÁÖÒÉ accidental ÄØÓÉÃÄÍÈÀË
ÂÀÍÂÄÁ deliberate, intentional ÃÄËÉÁÄÒÄÈ, ÉÍÈÄÍÛÄÍÀË
ÖÌÀË at once, immediately ÄÈ ÅÀÍÓ, ÉÌÄÃÉÄÉÈËÉ
ÂÀÖãÀÍãËÄÁËÉÅ without delay ÅÉÆÀÖÈ ÃÉËÄÉ
167
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2 ,ehsb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10
3 ueylb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 11
4 cfvjcb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 18
5 lhj 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 22
6 vcf]t,b 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 27
7 sfvfibc [th[b 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 37
8 [tbhb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 38
9 ,ehsbc ufnfyf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 40
10 ,by'ehfl sfvfib 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 44
11 sfvfiufhts lf sfvfiib 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 54
12 oby lfdfhlyf fy uflfojlt,f 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 61
13 lfo.t,f lf @@-lfy ufyf[kt,f 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 63
14 ,ehsb vbofptf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 70
15 ,jzdf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 72
16 hfmb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 79
17 vjkb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 84
18 fkfkpt lfzthf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 89
19 fenb lf lthtafyb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 92
20 ithrbyt,f 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 113
21 cf]fhbvj lf sfdbceafkb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 130
22 ktkjib 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 138
hf itbwdfkf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 148
ufycfpqdht,fyb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 149
hfpvbc uflfyjvhdf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 155
;tcnt,b 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 156
ktmcbrjyb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 162
idblrfwf 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 22 23 24 35 42 43
53 64 65 66 114 115 130 131
zf,ert,b 8 8 8 8 8 8 13 16 26 115 116 125 126 127
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