10th grade (MYP year 5)

The effect on the boiling point of water of changing the pressure on the water surface

Lab report

Raed Shehadeh

Name Ezzaldin Ghaith

Class 10A

Date 11/12/2022

This assessment will be assessed on criterion B.

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Research question:

What impact does changing the pressure (in a narrow range of pressure from 60 kilopascal to 200
kilopascal ) on the 150ml water surface on the boiling point of water.

dependent variable:
The dependent variable is the change of 150ml water boiling point, the change of boiling point will be
measured using a thermometer in °C.

independent variable:
The independent variable is the pressure upon the water surface, it will be changed in increments of 20
kilopascal per trial for 7 trials, (60-80-100-120-140-160-180-200) and it will be measured using a
Pressure pump

Controlled variables:
1- The pressure upon the water surface will be controlled by using an pressure of (80-200 kilopascal) this
is because different pressures will make the boiling point of water will be differ

2- The room temperature will be controlled by doing the experiment within one hour and no active
cooling or heating devices, this is because different room temperature cause the room pressure to be
different

3- the place that we will do the experiment in will be controlled by doing the experiment in the same
place because different places can cause the pressure to be different.

Hypothesis:
Is it predicted that when the pressure upon the water Increases the water boiling point will increase
because at the boiling point of any liquid, the molecules on the surface of liquid they try to jump into
the atmosphere with their energy. But the atmosphere above the liquid exerts pressure on the
molecules. When the molecules gain enough energy to oppose the external pressure they start
jumping into the atmosphere…this is the thing that happens at boiling point, and since it is predicted
that if the atmosphere pressure is high then the molecules need more energy which in turn requires
higher temperature it could be said that there is a direct relationship between pressure and the boiling
point of water and thus the following graph is predicted:

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Theory:
An equation that could be used to explain why when pressure increases the boiling point increase
𝑃𝑉 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇, where V is the volume of the ideal gas and the P is the pressure of the ideal gas which
in this case its in a narrow range of pressure from 60 kilopascal to 200 kilopascal, and n is the
amount of ideal gas measured in terms of moles, R is a universal gas constant and it is the molar
equivalent of boltzmann constant having the units of energy increased per temperature per mole, and T is the
temperature. This rule applies to the product of the pressure and the volume of one mole of a gas to the product
of its thermodynamic temperature and the gas constant, The equation is exact for an ideal gas and is a good
approximation for real gasses at low pressures.

Apparatus:

1- a 250 ml round bottom flask

2- thermometer
3-Clamp and stand
4- 3.15L of tap water
5- Bunsen burner s
6-stop cock
7-Pressure pump

Safety perceptions:-
This experiment has many safety hazards, such as the fire and the boiling hot water that might cause burns
other
injuries to people and the surroundings, to avoid these hazards, don’t allow people to come near and handle
things carefully and use lab coat and safety goggles.

Procedure:
1. Prepare the clamp and stand and put the thermometer on the clamp as seen in the diagram
2. Using the 250 mL round bottom flask with nothing around it and then fill it with 150 mL of tap water.

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3. put the beaker on the Bunsen burner making sure its centered
4.Put the Bunsen burner under the clamp and stand such that the thermometer reads from the center of the
beaker
5.Turn on the Bunsen burner on high heat
6. While its heating prepare the pressure pump as seen in the diagram start with 80 kilopascal
7. As soon the water starts to boil we read the reading the thermometer and write it down on a table
8. Repeat steps 1-7 seven more times changing the amount of pressure in increments of 20+kilopascal each
trial
9. Repeat steps 1 through 10 two more times
10. Plot the graph of the graph of pressure vs B.P.